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Previous issue date: 2017-02-17 / Introdu??o: O n?mero de indica??es para cirurgia bari?trica (CB) tem crescido mundialmente, demonstrando ser uma medida ?til no tratamento da obesidade severa, promovendo redu??o da morbimortalidade, melhora das altera??es cardiorrespirat?rias/metab?licas e maior qualidade de vida. Programas de reabilita??o ap?s a CB t?m sido estimulados, sendo importante especialmente no controle das comorbidades e do reganho de peso corporal a longo prazo. Apesar disto, existem poucas evid?ncias relacionadas aos efeitos da CB, com ou sem reabilita??o, na aptid?o cardiorrespirat?ria (ACR), medida esta que impacta fortemente na mortalidade e no controle do peso. Nesse contexto, se faz necess?rio o acompanhamento da capacidade funcional e a implementa??o de programas de reabilita??o no p?s-operat?rio (PO) de CB, visto que a perda de peso isolada parece n?o aumentar a ACR em indiv?duos que permanecem sedent?rios ap?s a cirurgia. Objetivos: Avaliar os efeitos da CB e de um programa estruturado de reabilita??o cardiopulmonar e metab?lica (aplicado no PO) na ACR e fun??o pulmonar em mulheres obesas, e compar?-las a um grupo controle. M?todos: A pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas. Inicialmente, foi realizado um estudo de follow-up constando de avalia??o antropom?trica, espirom?trica e cardiorrespirat?ria/funcional (Teste de Esfor?o Cardiopulmonar-TECP) em 34 obesas antes e ap?s a CB, dos quais resultaram dois artigos. Na segunda etapa, realizamos um ensaio cl?nico n?o randomizado e simples cego, envolvendo 12 mulheres adultas obesas (grau II e III) candidatas ? CB, que foram divididas em grupo controle-GC (n=6) e grupo interven??o-GI (n=6). Todas as pacientes foram avaliadas no pr?-operat?rio, terceiro (3MPO) e sexto m?s de PO (6MPO), quanto aos mesmos par?metros da primeira etapa. O GI participou de um programa espec?fico de reabilita??o supervisionada, que constou de exerc?cios aer?bios e resistidos durante 12 semanas e com in?cio no 3MPO. J? o GC recebeu apenas orienta??es gerais. Assim, foram produzidos no total tr?s artigos cient?ficos, onde a estrat?gia estat?stica variou conforme a metodologia de cada estudo. Foi considerado um n?vel de signific?ncia estabelecido em p<0,05. Resultados: Ap?s a CB, todas as pacientes avaliadas apresentaram redu??o significativa (p<0,001) nas comorbidades (hipertens?o e diabetes) e medidas antropom?tricas, al?m de melhora na fun??o pulmonar (p<0,05). Por?m, apenas as obesas que participaram do protocolo de treinamento f?sico evolu?ram com aumento significativo (p<0,05) no VO2pico e na dura??o total do TECP, de 5,9 ml/kg/min (23,8%) e 4,9 minutos (42,9%), respectivamente. Ap?s um per?odo de 9,4?2,7 meses de PO, houve uma redu??o de 0,398 L/min do VO2pico absoluto (p<0,001) nas pacientes que permaneceram sedent?rias ap?s a CB (n=34), sem diferen?as no VO2pico relativo ao peso corporal (p=0,06). Observamos ainda moderada correla??o (r= -0,52, p<0,05) entre ?VO2pico e ?CP-circunfer?ncia do pesco?o. Conclus?es: A ACR aumentou significativamente apenas no grupo de mulheres obesas que participaram de um programa estruturado de reabilita??o ap?s tr?s meses de CB, apontando que a toler?ncia ao exerc?cio e a capacidade aer?bia podem n?o aumentar nas mulheres que permanecem inativas ap?s a cirurgia. No entanto, independente da pr?tica de exerc?cios, a perda de peso corporal induzida cirurgicamente melhorou a fun??o pulmonar e reduziu comorbidades importantes. / Introduction: The number of indications for bariatric surgery (BS) has increased worldwide, proving to be a useful measure in the treatment of severe obesity, promoting reduction of morbimortality, improvement of cardiorespiratory / metabolic alterations and higher quality of life. Rehabilitation programs after BS have been stimulated, being especially important in controlling comorbidities and regaining body weight in the long term. Despite this, there is little evidence related to the effects of BS, with or without rehabilitation, on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), a measure that strongly impacts mortality and weight control. In this context, it is necessary to follow the functional capacity and the implementation of rehabilitation programs in the postoperative period (PO) of BS, since isolated weight loss does not seem to increase the CRF in individuals who remain sedentary after surgery. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of BS and a structured program of cardiopulmonary and metabolic rehabilitation (applied in the PO) on CRF and pulmonary function in obese women, and to compare them to a control group. Methods: The research was divided into two stages. Initially, a follow-up study consisting of anthropometric, spirometric and cardiorespiratory / functional evaluation (Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing-CPX) was performed in 34 obese women before and after BS, of which two articles resulted. In the second stage, we performed a non-randomized, simple blind trial involving 12 obese adult women (grade II and III) candidates for BS, who were divided into control-CG group (n = 6) and intervention group-IG (n = 6). All patients were evaluated in the preoperative, third (3MPO) and sixth month of PO (6MPO), regarding the same parameters of the first stage. The IG participated in a specific rehabilitation program which consisted of aerobic and resistance exercises for 12 weeks and starting at 3MPO. The CG received only general guidelines. Thus, a total of three scientific articles were produced, where the statistical strategy varied according to the methodology of each study. A significance level was set at p <0.05. Results: After BS, all the patients evaluated had a significant reduction (p <0.001) in comorbidities (hypertension and diabetes) and anthropometric measurements, in addition to an improvement in pulmonary function (p <0.05). However, only those obese who participated in the physical training protocol presented a significant increase (p <0.05) in VO2peak and in the total duration of CPX, of 5.9 ml / kg / min (23.8%) and 4.9 minutes (42.9%), respectively. After a period of 9.4 ? 2.7 months of PO, there was a reduction of absolute VO2peak (p <0.001) in patients who remained sedentary after BS (n = 34), with no differences in relative VO2peak to body weight (p = 0.06). We also observed a moderate correlation (r = -0.52, p <0.05) between ?VO2peak and ?NC-neck circumference. Conclusions: The CRF increased significantly only in the group of obese women who participated in a structured rehabilitation program after three months of CB, indicating that exercise tolerance and aerobic capacity may not increase in women who remain inactive after surgery. However, regardless of exercise practice, weight loss induced surgically improved pulmonary function and reduced major comorbidities.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/22718 |
| Date | 17 February 2017 |
| Creators | Gama, Tatiana Onofre |
| Contributors | 44456042400, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4056770607573210, Brand?o, Daniella Cunha, 04106408406, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4774435440649537, Dias J?nior, Servulo Azevedo, 03023186405, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2459309596071514, Campos, Shirley Lima, 00780302427, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3095741580780287, Fregonezi, Vanessa Regiane Resqueti, 02548515923, Bruno, Selma Sousa |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM FISIOTERAPIA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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