Orientador : Alpina Begossi / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-29T02:30:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: Pescadores artesanais geralmente exibem um conhecimento detalhado sobre a ecologia e o comportamento dos peixes. Estudos abordando a etnoecologia de peixes são relativamente escassos, especialmente os que comparam dados sobre mais de um país ou região. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: verificar o conhecimento etnoecológico de pescadores artesanais costeiros sobre espécies de peixes, com estudos de caso no Brasil e na Austrália e analisar as informações fornecidas pelos pescadores com base na literatura e pesquisa de campo abordando ecologia e história natural dos peixes. Na Ilha de Búzios (litoral Sudeste do Brasil), foram realizadas pesquisas enfocando tanto etnoictiologia como a história natural dos peixes. Segundo os estudos sobre comportamento alimentar dos peixes, o xaréu (Caranx latus, Carangidae) segue o bodião (Bodianus rufus, Labridae) durante o forrageio, consumindo peixes bentônicos que este último afugenta do substrato. A pirajica (Kyphosus incisor, Kyphosidae) apresenta uma variação tanto na dieta como no comportamento de forrageio, aparentemente relacionada ao tamanho: peixes menores consomem algas e crustáceos planctônicos, enquanto peixes maiores alimentam-se predominantemente de algas. Foram analisados o comportamento alimentar de dois pares de espécies de peixes simpátricas da Fanulia Pomacentridae, sendo um par da Ilha de Búzios (Oceano Atlântico), Abudefduf saxatilis e Stegastes fuscus, e um par de Heron Island (Grande Barreira de Corais, Austrália, Oceano Pacífico), A. whitleyi e S. apicalis. O comportamento exibido pelas espécies do mesmo gênero foi semelhante para os dois locais. Em cada local, as espécies de cada par diferiram quanto ao hábitat e L / Abstract: Artisanal fishers show a detailed knowledge about fish ecology and behavior. Studies addressing the ethnoecology of fishes are relatively scarce, especially those comparing data from distinct regions or countries. The aiIDS of this study were: to access the local ecological knowledge mantained by coastal marine artisanal fishers about fish species, through case studies in Brazil and Australia; to analize the information provided by fishers using literature and field research about fish natural history and ecology. I studied both the ethnoichtyology and natural history of fishes at Búzios Island (southeastem Brazilian coast). According to the studies about fish feeding behavior, the jack (Caranx latus, Carangidae) follows the wrasse (Bodianus rufus, Labridae) while foraging. The former fish species preys on benthonic fish that the second drive away trom the substrate. The drummer (Kyphosus incisor, Kyphosidae) shows a size-related variation, both in diet and feeding behavior: smaller fishes eat algae and planktonic crustaceans, while larger fishes eat mostly algae. I compared the feeding behavior of two sympatric fish species pairs belonging to the Family Pomacentridae, one pair from Búzios Island (Atlantic Ocean) Abudefduf saxatilis and Stegastes fuscus, and other one from Heron Island (Australian Great Barrier Reet, Pacific Ocean), A. whitleyi and S. apicalis. The behavior of species from the saroe genus was similar for both places. In each study site I observed differences regarding hábitat use and feeding behavior of sympatric species. Abudefduf fishes forage mainly at the water column, while Stegastes fishes feed over the rocky substrate, defending feeding territories and attacking other fishes. I verified the fishers knowledge through interviews, using questionnaires and fish photographs. At Búzios Island, interviews addressed aspects of the fishery, ecology and behavior of ten fish species, including species from distinct taxonomic and ecological groups. Búzios Island fishermen show a detailed knowledge regarding fish behavior and ecology. Such local ecological knowledge influences the fishing pratices, being in concordance with the observations derived from the ichthyologicalliterature and field research. I conducted an ethnoichthyological study among aboriginal fishers from the North Stradbroke Island, at the Australian coast, using the same methodology from the Brazilian study and addressing the fishery and natural history of the enchova! tailor (Pomatomus sa/tatrix, Pomatomidae), an important fish species to both Brazilian and Australian artisanal fishers. The information provided from Brazilian and Australian fishers about this fish species showed similarities and differences. The differences concem the hábitat and the reproduction of P. sa/tatrix. These may reflect the environmental conditions at the two places, as well as inter populational variations of this species reproduction period. The observed similarities regarding the diet and migratory behavior of P. saltatrix suggest the occurrence of global pattems refering to these aspects of P. saltatrix biology. Such pattems agree with observations from the ichthyologicalliterature. The results of this study show a potential utility of the fishers local ecological knowledge to subsidize fishery management plans and to increase the scientific knowledge about tropical marine fish species / Doutorado / Doutor em Ecologia
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.unicamp.br:REPOSIP/315749 |
| Date | 11 January 2001 |
| Creators | Silvano, Renato Azevedo Matias |
| Contributors | UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS, Begossi, Alpina, 1958-, Barrela, Walter, Zuanom, Jansen Alfredo Sampaio, Figueiredo, Jose Lima, Sazima, Ivan |
| Publisher | [s.n.], Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Biologia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | 190p. : il., application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da Unicamp, instname:Universidade Estadual de Campinas, instacron:UNICAMP |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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