<p>Road design with focus to safety has been extensively developed in last decades in Nordic and some other EU countries with the main aim to achieve a decrease in a number of accidents and fatalities on the roads. These countries gained many valuable experiences, but they had to sacrifice great effort, expenses, and time to reach the present art-of-state. The purpose of the Master’s Thesis is to review some design approaches with focus to safety and discuss the general way that they may be applied. </p><p>The Master’s Thesis studies safety in three levels: (i) general - design standards, national safety policies and road hierarchy; (ii) local authority and road administrator; and (iii) three specific safety countermeasures - junctions, pedestrian crossings and traffic calming. </p><p>The first part of Master’s Thesis describes the general road design standards background and their art of state. Furthermore, it discusses the new approaches in road design standard such as Dutch classification of road standards. Safety policies and programs are discussed and the concept of human imperfection is explained. Road safety policy and road hierarchy in Sweden and Denmark is described. </p><p>The second part is devoted to the planning process on local authority and road administrator level. The phases of planning process are described. Special attention is paid to ranking process when choosing most effective countermeasures, next to black spot programs and also to public attitudes to safety countermeasures. </p><p>The focus of the last part is in specific designs for safer road environment. There are discussed three groups of road facilities and countermeasures; unctions, pedestrian crossings and traffic calming. The cost, effectiveness, suitability, possible side effects and other properties of individual types of countermeasures are discussed.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA/oai:DiVA.org:liu-1150 |
| Date | January 2002 |
| Creators | Sanca, Michal |
| Publisher | Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | Swedish |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, text |
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