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Previous issue date: 2012 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / O decl?nio da minera??o de diamante na regi?o de Diamantina-MG e entorno, com a interrup??o das buscas e o gradativo esgotamento das minas em opera??o, est? proporcionando a descoberta e a explora??o de maci?os de quartzito, o que ocasiona a degrada??o da vegeta??o existente e do solo, criando um ambiente bastante in?spito ao crescimento de plantas. Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar o rejeito proveniente de ?reas de minera??o de quartzito no munic?pio de Diamantina-MG e entorno, por meio da avalia??o qu?mica e granulom?trica dos rejeitos, bem como avaliar o comportamento de Brachiaria brizantha, Vetiveria zizanioides, Eremanthus erythropappus, Solanum lycocarpum e Dalbergia miscolobium, sob a influ?ncia da aduba??o mineral e org?nica quando cultivada em rejeito da minera??o de quartzito, para apoiar a recupera??o dessas ?reas de explora??o. Para tanto foram montados seis experimentos: no primeiro, foram coletadas 27 amostras compostas, cuidadosamente homogeneizadas, secas ao ar e passadas em peneira de malha de 2,0mm, para posterior caracteriza??o qu?mica e granulom?trica, sendo determinado para cada vari?vel o teor m?nimo, m?ximo, m?dio e mediano; com intervalo de confian?a a 5% para m?dia e coeficiente de varia??o e um estudo da frequ?ncia de ocorr?ncia de resultados por faixa de classifica??o de interpreta??o da fertilidade do solo. Os demais experimentos foram realizados em condi??es de casa de vegeta??o, tiveram os tratamentos dispostos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco combina??es de aduba??o org?nica (AO) e aduba??o mineral (AM) e um tratamento adicional (Controle), com quatro repeti??es. Para as forrageiras de cobertura, a dose recomendada de 100% AM (NPK) e AO (esterco de curral) corresponderam a 50kg ha-1 N, 50kg ha-1 P2O5, 40kg ha-1 K2O e 10 t ha-1 esterco bovino, por dm? de rejeito, sendo avaliados a produ??o total de mat?ria seca, os teores e os conte?dos de nutrientes na parte a?rea e nas ra?zes. Para as esp?cies nativas, a dose recomendada de 100% AM (NPK) e AO (esterco bovino) correspondeu a 150mg de N, 140mg de P, 150mg de K e 5g de esterco, por dm? de rejeito, sendo avaliadas as seguintes vari?veis: altura das mudas, di?metro do caule, massa seca da parte a?rea e de ra?zes, e teor de nutrientes na parte a?rea das mudas. As amostras de rejeito analisadas apresentaram baixos teores de mat?ria org?nica, P, K, Ca e Mg e alta acidez. Os rejeitos apresentaram granulometria que dificulta o crescimento do sistema radicular de plantas, o que indica s?rias restri??es ao estabelecimento de esp?cies vegetais. A B. brizantha cv. Marandu respondeu ? aduba??o mineral e org?nica com as doses recomendadas de 37kg N, 37kg P2O5, 30kg K2O e 2,6t esterco de curral por ha. Enquanto Vetiveria zizanioides respondeu ? aduba??o mineral com as doses correspondentes de 50kg N, 50kg P2O5 e 40kg K2O por ha. Houve resposta das mudas de Eremanthus erythropappus ? aduba??o mineral e org?nica com as doses recomendadas de 0,075g N, 0,35g P2O5 e 0,125g K2O e 2,5g esterco de curral por dm? de rejeito de quartzito. A esp?cie nativa Solanum lycocarpum tamb?m respondeu ? aplica??o da aduba??o org?nica e mineral com as doses recomendadas de 0,036g N, 0,168 g P2O5 e 0,060g K2O e 2,5g esterco de curral por dm? de rejeito de quartzito. J? Dalbergia miscolobium respondeu somente ? aduba??o mineral com as doses recomendadas de 25mg N, 25mg P2O5, 20mg K2O por dm? de rejeito. A aduba??o org?nica e mineral recomendada para aplica??o ao rejeito de quartzito para m?ximo crescimento das mudas e produ??o de mat?ria seca possibilitou obter os teores adequados de nutrientes na parte a?rea das esp?cies estudadas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT The decline in diamond mining in the region of Diamantina-Minas Gerais and its surroundings, with the interruption of the searches and the gradual exhaustion of the mines in operation, is providing the discovery and exploitation of massive quartzite, which causes the degradation of existing vegetation and soil,?creating an environment very inhospitable to plant growth.?This study aimed to characterize the waste from mining areas of quartzite in Diamantina-Minas Gerais and its surroundings, through the evaluation of particle size and chemical wastes, as well as to evaluate the behavior of Brachiaria brizantha, Vetiveria zizanioides, Eremanthus erythropappus, Solanum lycocarpum Dalbergia miscolobium beneath the influence of mineral and organic fertilizer when grown on tailings from mining of quartzite, to support the recovery of these areas of exploration. Therefore, it were assembled six experiments: in the first, 27 composite samples were collected, carefully homogenized, air dried and passed through sieve mesh of 2.0mm for subsequent chemical characterization and particle size was determined for each variable the minimum, maximum, mean and median, confidence interval at 5% for mean and coefficient of variation and a study of the occurrence frequency of results by range of classification for interpretation of soil fertility. Other?experiments were conducted in?greenhouse?conditions,?treatments?were arranged in?completely randomized design?with five?combinations of?organic manure (OM)?and mineral fertilization (MF) and an additional treatment (Control), with four replications.
For?forage?coverage,?the recommended dose of?100% MF?(NPK) and OM (manure bovine) corresponded to 50kg ha-1 N, 50kg ha-1 P, 205,40kg K, 20 ha-1 and 10t ha-1 manure by dm??of tailings, and?evaluated?the total production of?dry matter contents?and?nutrient contents?in shoots?and roots. ?For native species, the recommended dose of 100% MF (NPK) and OM (manure) corresponded to 150 mg of N, 140mg P, 150mg K and 5g of dung per dm? of tailings, and evaluated the following variables:?seedling height, stalk diameter, dry mass of shoots and roots, and nutrient contents in shoots of seedlings.?The tailings samples presented low levels of organic matter, P, K, Ca and Mg and high acidity. The tailings particle size showed that hinder the growth of the root system of plants, which indicates serious restrictions on the establishment of plant species. B. brizantha cv. Marandu responded to mineral and organic fertilization with the recommended dose of 37kg N, 37kg P2O5, 30 kg K2O and 2.6 t farmyard manure per hectare. While Vetiveria zizanioides responded to manuring with corresponding doses of 50kg N, 50kg P2O5 and 40 kg K 2O per ha. There was response of seedlings Eremanthus erythropappus at the mineral and organic fertilization with the recommended doses of 0.075 g N, 0.35 g P2O5 and K2O 0.125 g and 2.5 g manure per dm? of tailings quartzite. The native species Solanum lycocarpum also responded to the application of organic and mineral fertilization with the recommended doses of 0.036g N, 0.16 g P 2O5 and K2O 0.060g and 2.5g manure per dm? of tailings quartzite. Have Dalbergia miscolobium responded only to the mineral fertilizer with the recommended doses of 25 mg N, P2O5 25mg, 20mg by K 2O dm? of tailings. The organic and mineral fertilization recommended for application to reject quartzite for maximum plant growth and dry matter production allowed to obtain appropriate levels of nutrients in the shoots of the species.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui:1/498 |
| Date | 10 February 2012 |
| Creators | Amaral, Cristiany Silva |
| Contributors | Silva, Enilson de Barros, Fernandes, Luiz Arnaldo, Pereira, Israel Marinho, Pereira, Israel Marinho, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Silva, Enilson de Barros |
| Publisher | UFVJM |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | Portuguese |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFVJM, instname:Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, instacron:UFVJM |
| Rights | A concess?o da licen?a deste item refere-se ao ? termo de autoriza??o impresso assinado pelo autor, assim como na licen?a Creative Commons, com as seguintes condi??es: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publica??o, autorizo a Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio de seus reposit?rios, sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei n? 9610/98, o texto integral da obra disponibilizada, conforme permiss?es assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impress?o e/ou download, a t?tulo de divulga??o da produ??o cient?fica brasileira, e preserva??o, a partir desta data., info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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