Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T18:21:18Z No. of bitstreams: 2 neubert_homem_goncalves.pdf: 444697 bytes, checksum: 5d20dc726c6a0961a5d4b09ee7e4ebea (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T18:22:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 neubert_homem_goncalves.pdf: 444697 bytes, checksum: 5d20dc726c6a0961a5d4b09ee7e4ebea (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T18:22:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 neubert_homem_goncalves.pdf: 444697 bytes, checksum: 5d20dc726c6a0961a5d4b09ee7e4ebea (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T18:23:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 neubert_homem_goncalves.pdf: 444697 bytes, checksum: 5d20dc726c6a0961a5d4b09ee7e4ebea (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-05T18:23:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 neubert_homem_goncalves.pdf: 444697 bytes, checksum: 5d20dc726c6a0961a5d4b09ee7e4ebea (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O decl?nio da minera??o de diamante em Diamantina (MG) e entorno, com a interrup??o das descobertas e o gradativo esgotamento das minas em opera??o est? levando a descoberta e a explora??o de maci?os de quartzito havendo a degrada??o da vegeta??o existente, e do solo, criando um ambiente bastante in?spito ao crescimento de plantas. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o comportamento e as faixas adequadas ao crescimento inicial de Eremanthus erythropappus e Solanum lycocarpum, ap?s a influ?ncia da aduba??o mineral e org?nica quando cultivada em rejeito da minera??o de quartzito. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegeta??o, sendo os tratamentos dispostos no formato de delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco combina??es de aduba??o mineral (AM) e org?nica (AO) e um tratamento adicional do rejeito sem AM e AO (Controle), com quatro repeti??es. As combina??es consistiram de 100% AM - 0% AO; 75% AM - 25% AO; 50% AM - 50% AO; 25% AM - 75% AO; 0% AM - 100% AO, sendo as doses de 150 mg de N, 140 mg de P, 150 mg de K e 5 g de esterco de curral por dm? de rejeito de quartzito correspondente a 100% AM e 100% AO. As demais doses foram proporcionais ?s combina??es dos tratamentos. Foram avaliados os par?metros de crescimento para cada uma das esp?cies, sendo estes, di?metro do coleto, altura de mudas, massa seca da parte a?rea (MSPA), de ra?zes (MSR) e rela??o MSR/MSPA. Atrav?s das combina??es adequadas de aduba??o, os maiores resultados apresentados pela candeia com rela??o ?s vari?veis avaliadas, foram na dose com 50% AM - 50% AO, correspondente a 75 mg de N, 70 mg de P, 75 mg de K e 2,5 g de esterco de curral; enquanto que para a lobeira, os maiores resultados ocorreram na dose de 25% AM - 75% AO, correspondente a 37,5 mg de N, 35 mg de P, 37,5 mg de K e 3,75 g de esterco de curral por dm? de rejeito de quartzito. As doses recomendadas para o crescimento inicial (90% produ??o m?xima da MSPA) da candeia foram 66,5 mg de N; 62,0 mg de P, 66,5 mg de K e 2,8 g de esterco de curral por dm3 de rejeito quartzito. Para a lobeira, as doses recomendadas foram 55,5 mg de N; 51,8 mg de P, 55,5 mg de K e 2,3 g de esterco de curral por dm3 de rejeito de quartzito. Foram definidas faixas adequadas dos atributos qu?micos de rejeito de minera??o quartzito para as duas esp?cies nativas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT The decline in diamond mining in Diamantina (MG) and its surroundings, with the interruption of the findings and the gradual exhaustion of operating mines is leading the discovery and exploitation of massive quartzite going degradation of existing vegetation, and soil, creating an environment very inhospitable to plant growth. This work aimed to evaluate the behavior and appropriate range to the initial growth of Eremanthus erythropappus and Solanum lycocarpum after the influence of mineral and organic when grown in reject from mining of quartzite fertilization. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, with treatments arranged in a completely randomized design, with five combinations of mineral fertilizer (MF) and organic (OF) and an additional treatment of the reject without AM and AO (Control), with four replications. Combinations consisted of 100% MF - 0% OF; 75% MF - 25% OF; 50% MF - 50% OF; 25% MF - 75% OF; 0% MF - 100% OF, with doses of 150 mg of N, 140 mg of P, 150 mg of K and 5 g of bovine manure for dm? of reject quartzite corresponding to 100% MF and 100% OF. The remaining doses were proportional to the combinations of treatments. Parameters of growth for each species, these being, diameter, height of seedling, mass weight of shoot (MWS), root (MSR) and ratio MWR/MSPA were evaluated. Through appropriate fertilizer combinations, the greatest results presented by the Eremanthus erythropappus with respect to the variables evaluated, in dose were 50% MF - 50% OF, corresponding to 75 mg of N, 70 mg of P, 75 mg of K and 2,5 g of bovine manure; while for Solanum lycocarpum, the greatest results occurred in a dose of 25% MF - 75% OF, corresponding to 37,5 mg of N, 35 mg of P, 37,5 mg of K and 3,75 g of bovine manure for dm? of reject quartzite. The recommended doses for the initial growth (90% maximum production MWS) of the Eremanthus erythropappus were 66,5 mg of N; 62,0 mg of P, 66,5 mg of K and 2,8 g of bovine manure for dm? of reject quartzite. For Solanum lycocarpum, the recommended doses were 55,5 mg of N; 51,8 mg of P, 55,5 mg of K and 2,3 g of bovine manure for dm? of reject quartzite. The appropriate range of chemical attributes of reject quartzite mining for the two native species were defined.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-06-02T16:01:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Khalil de Menezes Rodrigues.pdf: 1672229 bytes, checksum: c8a308c58b7c1273496289e24d6e0e4f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T16:01:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Khalil de Menezes Rodrigues.pdf: 1672229 bytes, checksum: c8a308c58b7c1273496289e24d6e0e4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-25 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / The objective of this project was to study the spatial variability of soil physical and chemical attributes and soil fauna of a revegetated gully erosion area in Pinheiral municipality, Rio de Janeiro State. The gully area was vegetated using legume trees inoculated with specific N2- fixing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in 2004. To take the data and geostatistical analysis a regular grid of 5 x 5 m, with a total of 92 points, was defined. Soil samples were collected at the 0-10 cm depth and the following variables were analyzed: Al, pH, Ca, Mg, Ca+Mg, P, K, organic C, granulometry, soil moisture, and soil fauna (using pitfall traps). The software GEOEST was used for data analysis and definition of semivariograms to verify the spatial dependency and to choose the statistical model, using cross validation. Geostatistical analyses applied in the mapping of the spatial variability of soil chemical, physical and biological attributes of the gully area was a useful tool in the degraded gully to identify the areas, and the soil management for application of lime, fertilizers and planting the tree seedlings. The soil sampling for environmental monitoring of gully erosion areas should consider, at least, the slope position internally and externally in the gully area, dividing it in upper, medium and lower positions. Spatial dependence was observed in all soil chemical and physical attributes, and only 11 of the soil fauna groups out of 31 evaluated presented spatial dependence. The random sampling without considering the range value may result in wrong interpretation of data. The differences in soil organic C between the gully inner and outer sections clearly proves how difficult is to return the soil organic matter to the original levels, one it is lost in the soil. The analysis of data showed that altitude, soil moisture, sand and silt content, Ca+Mg, organic C, amounts of Coleoptera and Poduromorpha, had a strong spatial dependence. On the other hand, clay content, pH, Al, Ca, Mg, P, Acari, Entomobryomorpha, Collembola, fauna total, Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Shannon index, and Isoptera, presented a moderate degree of spatial dependence, and the richness index and Diptera had a weak degree of spatial dependence. / O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a variabilidade espacial de atributos qu?micos e f?sicos do solo e a fauna ep?gea em uma vo?oroca revegetada no munic?pio de Pinheiral. Na revegeta??o da vo?oroca foram plantadas leguminosas arb?reas inoculadas com bact?rias fixadoras de N2 espec?ficas e fungos micorr?zicos arbusculares (FMA) no ano de 2004. Para a coleta de dados e para permitir a an?lise geoestat?stica foi instalada uma grade com espa?amento regular de 5 x 5 m, num total de 92 pontos. As amostras de solo foram coletadas na profundidade de 0-10 cm e as seguintes vari?veis foram analisadas: Al, pH, Ca, Mg, Ca + Mg, P, K, Carbono org?nico, granulometria, umidade gravim?trica e a fauna do solo ep?gea (usando pitfall). Na an?lise de dados utilizou-se o programa GEOEST que ? um pacote de programas geoestat?sticos onde foram constru?dos semivariogramas para verificar a depend?ncia espacial e a escolha do modelo estat?stico por valida??o cruzada. A an?lise geoestat?stica no mapeamento da variabilidade espacial dos atributos qu?micos, f?sicos e biol?gicos em vo?orocas mostrou ser uma ferramenta muito ?til neste ambiente degradado e na identifica??o das ?reas, podendo manejar o solo com o uso mais eficiente de adubos e corretivos para o plantio de novas mudas. Amostragem de monitoramento ambiental em ?reas de vo?oroca deve considerar, no m?nimo, a posi??o do relevo em parte interna e externa e a posi??o do vo?orocamento em ter?o superior, ter?o m?dio e ter?o inferior. A depend?ncia espacial foi observada em todos os atributos qu?micos e f?sicos e apenas 11 grupos da fauna do solo dos 31 coletados apresentaram depend?ncia espacial. Amostragem ao acaso em vo?orocas pode resultar em interpreta??o err?nea dos dados. A diferencia??o dos teores de carbono org?nico encontrados na parte interna e externa da vo?oroca deixa clara a dificuldade de se retornar a mat?ria org?nica do solo ap?s sua perda. Na an?lise do grau de depend?ncia espacial, a altitude, umidade gravim?trica, areia, silte, Ca+Mg, Corg, Coleoptera e Poduromorpha apresentaram grau forte. Por outro lado, o teor de argila, pH, Al, Ca, Mg, P, Acari, Entomobryomorpha, Collembola, total da fauna, Hymenoptera, Formicidae, o somat?rio de outros grupos, ?ndice de Shannon e Isoptera apresentaram grau moderado, enquanto a Riqueza e Diptera mostraram grau fraco.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T14:01:55Z No. of bitstreams: 5 6.pdf: 739017 bytes, checksum: e138b821402f0e1be4f8d8ea9955fe76 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T13:09:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 6.pdf: 739017 bytes, checksum: e138b821402f0e1be4f8d8ea9955fe76 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T13:09:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 6.pdf: 739017 bytes, checksum: e138b821402f0e1be4f8d8ea9955fe76 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o impacto do uso de herbicidas na regenera??o e no banco de sementes em ?reas em processo de recupera??o. Para isso, foram desenvolvidos quatro experimentos sendo tr?s em ambiente de campo e um em ambiente protegido. No primeiro experimento, avaliou-se a infesta??o de gram?neas ex?ticas sobre o processo de regenera??o natural. No segundo, avaliou-se a influ?ncia do banco de sementes no processo de restaura??o de ?reas infestadas com plantas daninhas gram?neas. No terceiro trabalho, foi avaliada a sensibilidade de algumas esp?cies arb?reas nativas ? a??o do herbicida glyphosate e no quarto e ?ltimo experimento foi avaliado o efeito desse herbicida e do paraquat no controle das gram?neas invasoras em ?reas degradadas, comparado ? ro?ada, visando ? adequa??o de m?todos mais eficientes no controle de plantas daninhas. A partir de uma cobertura de plantas daninhas acima de 50% h? retrocesso no processo de regenera??o natural, por?m, h? um grupo de plantas capaz de colonizar tal ?rea. Verificou-se tamb?m que o banco sementes ? composto basicamente por esp?cies herb?ceas com car?ter invasor, n?o contendo sementes de esp?cies arbustivo-arb?reas, logo, n?o ? recomendada a recupera??o dessas ?reas utilizando o banco de sementes local. No ensaio com doses do glyphosate, concluiu-se que tr?s das quatro esp?cies florestais avaliadas possuem caracter?sticas que indicam toler?ncia ao herbicida testado, por?m, recomenda-se a realiza??o de testes em campo em est?dios alternativos de desenvolvimento. Na compara??o de m?todos de controle das gram?neas, embora n?o observadas diferen?as entre os herbicidas aplicados, parcelas tratadas com glyphosate apresentaram emerg?ncia de esp?cies presentes no banco ed?fico ao passo que nas parcelas tratadas com paraquat somente foram observadas brota??es. De modo geral, pr?ticas no controle qu?mico das plantas daninhas gram?neas devem ser adotadas para que a ?rea atinja a plena restaura??o. Recomenda-se a inclus?o de outras t?cnicas de recupera??o para que haja a entrada de esp?cies arb?reas adaptadas ao local. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of herbicide use in regeneration and in the seed bank in areas where the recovery process.?Thus, we developed three of four experiments in a field environment and in a protected environment.?In the first experiment, we evaluated the infestation of exotic grasses on the natural regeneration process.?In the second, we evaluated the influence of the seed bank in the process of restoration of areas infested with grassy weeds.?In the third study, we evaluated the sensitivity of some tree species native to the action of the herbicide glyphosate and the fourth and final experiment evaluated the effect of the herbicide paraquat and control of invasive grasses in degraded areas, compared to mowing, aiming at adapting the?most efficient methods to control weeds.?We could see that from a weed coverage above 50% for the reverse process of natural regeneration, however, there is a group of plants able to colonize this area.?It was also found that the seed bank is composed primarily of herbaceous species with character attacker, not containing seeds of woody species, so is not recommended for rehabilitation of these areas using the local seed bank.?In the trial in doses of glyphosate, it was concluded that three of four forest species evaluated possess characteristics that indicate tolerance to the herbicide tested, however, recommends-if achievement of field tests in stadiums alternative development.?In the comparison of methods for control of grasses, although no significant differences between the herbicides, glyphosate treated plots showed emergence of edaphic species present in the bank while in plots treated with paraquat only shoots were observed.?Overall, practices in the chemical control of grass weeds should be taken to the area to reach the full restoration.?It is recommended the inclusion of other recovery techniques so that there the entry of tree species locally adapted.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T14:01:56Z No. of bitstreams: 5 9.pdf: 841416 bytes, checksum: d2cb51c094952589e1262227a5e63e23 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T13:14:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 9.pdf: 841416 bytes, checksum: d2cb51c094952589e1262227a5e63e23 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T13:14:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 9.pdf: 841416 bytes, checksum: d2cb51c094952589e1262227a5e63e23 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / O decl?nio da minera??o de diamante na regi?o de Diamantina-MG e entorno, com a interrup??o das buscas e o gradativo esgotamento das minas em opera??o, est? proporcionando a descoberta e a explora??o de maci?os de quartzito, o que ocasiona a degrada??o da vegeta??o existente e do solo, criando um ambiente bastante in?spito ao crescimento de plantas. Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar o rejeito proveniente de ?reas de minera??o de quartzito no munic?pio de Diamantina-MG e entorno, por meio da avalia??o qu?mica e granulom?trica dos rejeitos, bem como avaliar o comportamento de Brachiaria brizantha, Vetiveria zizanioides, Eremanthus erythropappus, Solanum lycocarpum e Dalbergia miscolobium, sob a influ?ncia da aduba??o mineral e org?nica quando cultivada em rejeito da minera??o de quartzito, para apoiar a recupera??o dessas ?reas de explora??o. Para tanto foram montados seis experimentos: no primeiro, foram coletadas 27 amostras compostas, cuidadosamente homogeneizadas, secas ao ar e passadas em peneira de malha de 2,0mm, para posterior caracteriza??o qu?mica e granulom?trica, sendo determinado para cada vari?vel o teor m?nimo, m?ximo, m?dio e mediano; com intervalo de confian?a a 5% para m?dia e coeficiente de varia??o e um estudo da frequ?ncia de ocorr?ncia de resultados por faixa de classifica??o de interpreta??o da fertilidade do solo. Os demais experimentos foram realizados em condi??es de casa de vegeta??o, tiveram os tratamentos dispostos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco combina??es de aduba??o org?nica (AO) e aduba??o mineral (AM) e um tratamento adicional (Controle), com quatro repeti??es. Para as forrageiras de cobertura, a dose recomendada de 100% AM (NPK) e AO (esterco de curral) corresponderam a 50kg ha-1 N, 50kg ha-1 P2O5, 40kg ha-1 K2O e 10 t ha-1 esterco bovino, por dm? de rejeito, sendo avaliados a produ??o total de mat?ria seca, os teores e os conte?dos de nutrientes na parte a?rea e nas ra?zes. Para as esp?cies nativas, a dose recomendada de 100% AM (NPK) e AO (esterco bovino) correspondeu a 150mg de N, 140mg de P, 150mg de K e 5g de esterco, por dm? de rejeito, sendo avaliadas as seguintes vari?veis: altura das mudas, di?metro do caule, massa seca da parte a?rea e de ra?zes, e teor de nutrientes na parte a?rea das mudas. As amostras de rejeito analisadas apresentaram baixos teores de mat?ria org?nica, P, K, Ca e Mg e alta acidez. Os rejeitos apresentaram granulometria que dificulta o crescimento do sistema radicular de plantas, o que indica s?rias restri??es ao estabelecimento de esp?cies vegetais. A B. brizantha cv. Marandu respondeu ? aduba??o mineral e org?nica com as doses recomendadas de 37kg N, 37kg P2O5, 30kg K2O e 2,6t esterco de curral por ha. Enquanto Vetiveria zizanioides respondeu ? aduba??o mineral com as doses correspondentes de 50kg N, 50kg P2O5 e 40kg K2O por ha. Houve resposta das mudas de Eremanthus erythropappus ? aduba??o mineral e org?nica com as doses recomendadas de 0,075g N, 0,35g P2O5 e 0,125g K2O e 2,5g esterco de curral por dm? de rejeito de quartzito. A esp?cie nativa Solanum lycocarpum tamb?m respondeu ? aplica??o da aduba??o org?nica e mineral com as doses recomendadas de 0,036g N, 0,168 g P2O5 e 0,060g K2O e 2,5g esterco de curral por dm? de rejeito de quartzito. J? Dalbergia miscolobium respondeu somente ? aduba??o mineral com as doses recomendadas de 25mg N, 25mg P2O5, 20mg K2O por dm? de rejeito. A aduba??o org?nica e mineral recomendada para aplica??o ao rejeito de quartzito para m?ximo crescimento das mudas e produ??o de mat?ria seca possibilitou obter os teores adequados de nutrientes na parte a?rea das esp?cies estudadas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT The decline in diamond mining in the region of Diamantina-Minas Gerais and its surroundings, with the interruption of the searches and the gradual exhaustion of the mines in operation, is providing the discovery and exploitation of massive quartzite, which causes the degradation of existing vegetation and soil,?creating an environment very inhospitable to plant growth.?This study aimed to characterize the waste from mining areas of quartzite in Diamantina-Minas Gerais and its surroundings, through the evaluation of particle size and chemical wastes, as well as to evaluate the behavior of Brachiaria brizantha, Vetiveria zizanioides, Eremanthus erythropappus, Solanum lycocarpum Dalbergia miscolobium beneath the influence of mineral and organic fertilizer when grown on tailings from mining of quartzite, to support the recovery of these areas of exploration. Therefore, it were assembled six experiments: in the first, 27 composite samples were collected, carefully homogenized, air dried and passed through sieve mesh of 2.0mm for subsequent chemical characterization and particle size was determined for each variable the minimum, maximum, mean and median, confidence interval at 5% for mean and coefficient of variation and a study of the occurrence frequency of results by range of classification for interpretation of soil fertility. Other?experiments were conducted in?greenhouse?conditions,?treatments?were arranged in?completely randomized design?with five?combinations of?organic manure (OM)?and mineral fertilization (MF) and an additional treatment (Control), with four replications. For?forage?coverage,?the recommended dose of?100% MF?(NPK) and OM (manure bovine) corresponded to 50kg ha-1 N, 50kg ha-1 P, 205,40kg K, 20 ha-1 and 10t ha-1 manure by dm??of tailings, and?evaluated?the total production of?dry matter contents?and?nutrient contents?in shoots?and roots. ?For native species, the recommended dose of 100% MF (NPK) and OM (manure) corresponded to 150 mg of N, 140mg P, 150mg K and 5g of dung per dm? of tailings, and evaluated the following variables:?seedling height, stalk diameter, dry mass of shoots and roots, and nutrient contents in shoots of seedlings.?The tailings samples presented low levels of organic matter, P, K, Ca and Mg and high acidity. The tailings particle size showed that hinder the growth of the root system of plants, which indicates serious restrictions on the establishment of plant species. B. brizantha cv. Marandu responded to mineral and organic fertilization with the recommended dose of 37kg N, 37kg P2O5, 30 kg K2O and 2.6 t farmyard manure per hectare. While Vetiveria zizanioides responded to manuring with corresponding doses of 50kg N, 50kg P2O5 and 40 kg K 2O per ha. There was response of seedlings Eremanthus erythropappus at the mineral and organic fertilization with the recommended doses of 0.075 g N, 0.35 g P2O5 and K2O 0.125 g and 2.5 g manure per dm? of tailings quartzite. The native species Solanum lycocarpum also responded to the application of organic and mineral fertilization with the recommended doses of 0.036g N, 0.16 g P 2O5 and K2O 0.060g and 2.5g manure per dm? of tailings quartzite. Have Dalbergia miscolobium responded only to the mineral fertilizer with the recommended doses of 25 mg N, P2O5 25mg, 20mg by K 2O dm? of tailings. The organic and mineral fertilization recommended for application to reject quartzite for maximum plant growth and dry matter production allowed to obtain appropriate levels of nutrients in the shoots of the species.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-12T14:42:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GiovanaDeOliveiraAlves_DISSERT.pdf: 3717149 bytes, checksum: ffb002aaf34255de82a4ccdde1fa691f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-18T14:48:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GiovanaDeOliveiraAlves_DISSERT.pdf: 3717149 bytes, checksum: ffb002aaf34255de82a4ccdde1fa691f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-18T14:48:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GiovanaDeOliveiraAlves_DISSERT.pdf: 3717149 bytes, checksum: ffb002aaf34255de82a4ccdde1fa691f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A desativa??o de lix?es sem medidas de engenharia sanit?ria e ambiental amplia o potencial de degrada??o da ?rea podendo gerar outros passivos ambientais. Esses lix?es devem ser encaminhados a programas de recupera??o, baseados em diagn?sticos do solo que identifiquem os processos de degrada??o ambiental para auxiliar a recupera??o eficaz da ?rea degradada. Diante da obrigatoriedade de recupera??o dessas ?reas estabelecida pela legisla??o brasileira, os munic?pios necessitam de estudos como este para adequa??o a legisla??o brasileira e gest?o de seus res?duos s?lidos. O objetivo geral desse trabalho foi identificar os processos de degrada??o ambiental instalados na ?rea de disposi??o irregular de res?duos s?lidos no semi?rido tropical, a fim de nortear a implanta??o de programas de recupera??o dessa ?rea pelo munic?pio. Para tanto, buscou-se: (1) avaliar os atributos f?sicos e qu?micos do solo de cobertura do lix?o desativado do munic?pio de Olho D??gua do Borges, cujo resultados ser?o apresentados no CAP?TULO I dessa disserta??o; e (2) avaliar se a disposi??o irregular de res?duos s?lidos no lix?o promove a contamina??o do solo por metais pesados e amplia o potencial de difus?o para os demais componentes da bacia hidrogr?fica, o que ser? abordado no CAP?TULO II dessa disserta??o. Amostras de solo foram coletadas nas profundidades de 0-20 cm e 20-40 cm na ?rea do lix?o desativado, na ?rea de drenagem ef?mera do A?ude do Brejo e em ?rea sob mata nativa utilizada como refer?ncia de qualidade no munic?pio de Olho D??gua do Borges/RN. Foram avaliados nas tr?s ?reas os atributos: densidade do solo (Ds) e de part?culas (Dp), porosidade total (PT); granulometria, pH, condutividade el?trica (CE), mat?ria org?nica (MO), f?sforo dispon?vel (P), nitrog?nio total (N), c?tions troc?veis (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ e K+), acidez troc?vel e potencial e a partir desses o complexo sortivo do solo, teores de metais dispon?veis e totais. Com isso, a eros?o h?drica e e?lica, revolvimento do substrato de cobertura, sobrecarga de sais, de nutrientes e mat?ria org?nica, al?m da contamina??o por metais pesados s?o processos de degrada??o identificados como consequ?ncia da disposi??o irregular de res?duos s?lidos no solo. Esses processos contribuem com o aumento do potencial de difus?o dos contaminantes do lix?o para a bacia hidrogr?fica, ampliando a ?rea degradada. / Disabling dumpsites without sanitary and environmental engineering measures increases potential degradation of the area and may cause other environmental liabilities. These dumpsites should be sent to recovery programs, based on soil diagnostics to identify the environmental degradation processes to assist degraded area effective recovery. Given the obligation to recover these areas established by Brazilian law, municipalities need studies like this to adapt the Brazilian legislation and solid waste management. The general aim of this study was to identify the environmental degradation processes installed in solid waste irregular disposal area in tropical semiarid, in order to guide the implementation of recovery programs in this area by the municipality. Therefore, we sought to: (1) evaluate the physical and chemical attributes of the cover soil from the deactivated dumpsite of the municipality of Olho D??gua do Borges/RN, which results will be presented in CHAPTER I of this dissertation; and (2) assess whether the irregular disposal of solid waste in the dumpsite promotes soil contamination by heavy metals and expands the potential to spread to other parts of the watershed, which will be addressed in CHAPTER II of this dissertation. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm on the deactivated dumpsite area, in ephemeral drainage area of Brejo dam and area under native forest used as quality reference in Olho D??gua do Borges/RN. Therefore, the evaluated attributes in three areas were: bulk density (BD) and particles density (PD), total porosity (TP), particle size, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), available phosphorus (P), total nitrogen (N), exchangeable cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ e K+), exchangeable and potential acidity, and from these the sorption complex soil, available and total metals contents. Thus, the water and wind erosion, substrate cover disturbance, overload salts, available phosphorus, nitrogen, organic matter and heavy metal contamination are degradation processes identified as result of irregular disposal of solid waste in the soil. These processes contribute to increase the potential diffusion of dumpsite contaminants to the watershed, expanding the degraded area.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Joventino Fernandes Moreira.pdf: 938643 bytes, checksum: b9ddd1b30c4ea4ca7ccd346032713eb5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-17 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The production of aluminum and alumina generates a great amount of red mud, which is harmful to the environment mainly for its high pH, electric conductivity and concentration of sodium, which restrict plant growth. However, there are some indications that it may be used as a conditioner for acid sandy soils. This work tested a red mud from an alumina production plant by Alumar- S?o Lu?s MA, Brazil as soil conditioner for two acid soil types: sandy and clay soils) and the growth of oil palm hybrids (E. guinensis x E. oleifera) grown in red mud deposition tank vegetated with leguminous trees for 8 years. The red mud was characterized in relation to its physical, chemical and microbial characteristics and tested in two types of soils, a Planossolo and an Argissolo and two bioindicators plants, the grass Brachiaria brizantha and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Bean plants were harvested and brachiaria received a first cut 50 days after planting. A second and third cut were performed in brachiaria 70 and 140 days after the first one. Plant biomass was dried until constant weight and analysed for nutrient content. Number of sprouts of grass was counted at the third harvest. The evaluation of oil palm growth on red mud included eight hybrids between Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guiinensis from Embrapa Amaz?nia Ocidental. breeding program (C2501, C2301, C2328, C3701, C2801, C7201, RUC13 and RUC 87) 12 months after transplanted to a red mud tank vegetated for 8 years with a mixture of nodulated leguminous trees. Diameter at the base of the plants, top diameter, number of leaves, plant height, diazotrophic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi and nutrient contents were studied on the oil palm plants. Soil fauna and nutrient availability were evaluated in soils under oil palm and in an area with native species nearby the tanks. The addition of small amounts of red mud to the soils increased soil pH. Addition of red mud decreased plant growth in both soils tested with more deleterious effect on bean than on the grass. However the addition of 5 Mg ha-1 of red mud in the sandy acid soil increased the grass biomass at the last harvest in relation to the control. The evaluation of the oil palm in the tanks indicated that hybrid RUC 87 and C7201 presented larger diameter at soil level, plant height and number of leaves. All cultivars and hybrids showed large population of diazotrophic bacteria in their leaves and mycorhizal infection on roots. Similar richness and density of soil fauna was observed in the red mud below the oil palm to that observed in a soil collect in a secondary forest nearby indicating that the vegetation with leguminous trees is returning the ecological processes toward a sustainable system. / O processo de produ??o de alum?nio e alumina gera grande quantidade de res?duo de bauxita, tamb?m chamado red mud (lama vermelha). Este res?duo ? objeto de preocupa??o para o meio ambiente devido as suas caracter?sticas de alto pH e condutividade el?trica, al?m da elevada concentra??o de s?dio, condi??es estas prejudiciais ao desenvolvimento de plantas, tornando dif?cil o manejo desse material e necessitando de grandes ?reas para seu armazenamento. Por outro lado, alguns estudos t?m sido desenvolvidos com aplica??o desse material na agricultura, visando aumentar o pH e disponibilidade de nutrientes e melhorar a reten??o de ?gua para as plantas em solos arenosos. Esse trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o potencial de uso do res?duo alcalino do refino de bauxita tratado e n?o tratado com ?gua do mar como condicionador de solos. Para isso os materiais foram caracterizados em aspectos f?sicos, qu?micos e microbiol?gicos e comparados quanto a seus efeitos no solo testando-os sobre dois tipos de solos, um Planossolo e um Argissolo e sobre duas plantas bioindicadoras, a braqui?ria (Brachiaria brizantha) e o feij?o comum (Phaseolus vulgaris). Ap?s 50 dias do experimento, as plantas de feij?o foram colhidas e foi feito o primeiro corte da braqui?ria, as plantas foram secas e pesadas, para a an?lise da massa seca. Contou-se tamb?m o n?mero de perfilhos da braqui?ria e nesta foram feitos mais dois cortes, um aos 120 e o ?ltimo aos 190 dias. Al?m dessa avalia??o foi feito um estudo sobre o desenvolvimento de dend? nos tanques de estocagem do res?duo ap?s 8 anos de implanta??o da revegeta??o com leguminosas arb?reas. Foram utilizadas 8 materiais gen?ticos de Elaeis spp (dend?) recomendados pela Embrapa Amaz?nia Ocidental: C2501, C2301, C2328, C3701, C2801, C7201, RUC13 e RUC87 e avaliados o di?metro do c?lo da planta e da copa, o n?mero de folhas, a altura das plantas, a presen?a de bact?rias diazotr?ficas e fungos micorr?zicos associadas ?s plantas de dend?, a fauna de solo e o estado nutricional das plantas e a fertilidade do solo. Os resultados apresentados indicam que os res?duos foram eficientes na eleva??o do pH do solo, j? com pequenas doses. A leguminosa mostrou-se mais sens?vel que a braqui?ria em rela??o ? salinidade provocada pela adi??o dos res?duos, nos dois tipos de solos, sendo que nessa ?ltima, houve aumento de mat?ria seca de parte a?rea em fun??o das doses dos res?duos n?o tratado e tratado com ?gua do mar at? a dose de 5 Mg ha-1, no Planossolo. Na avalia??o do dend? foi observada uma grande quantidade de bact?rias diazotr?ficas e coloniza??o micorr?zica, independentemente do gen?tipo. Os dados indicam tamb?m um melhor desempenho para os gen?tipos RUC87 e C7201 no que se refere ao di?metro do c?lo e da copa, n?mero de folhas e altura das plantas, apresentando uma maior capacidade de estabelecimento destas cultivares em rela??o ?s demais. No que se refere ? fauna do solo na ?rea de dend?, os seus valores de riqueza de grupos e densidade de indiv?duos foram pr?ximos aos valores encontrados em uma mata secund?ria local o que mostra que a revegeta??o com leguminosa est? sendo eficiente em retomar os processos ecol?gicos e o equil?brio do ecossistema.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-05T19:03:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Bernardo Milward de Azevedo Spinelli.pdf: 2468118 bytes, checksum: 8b86d55b4fe024e0a43e7aca610af976 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-05T19:03:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Bernardo Milward de Azevedo Spinelli.pdf: 2468118 bytes, checksum: 8b86d55b4fe024e0a43e7aca610af976 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-19 / The Brazilian New Forestry Law establishes a farmer?s commitment with environmental adequacy of its properties. The Permanent Preservation Areas, currently used in the properties with crops and pastures in many cases need to a restauration techniques. The new law allows the exploration of agroforestry systems (AFS) even in areas of permanent preservation, since do not mischaracterize the native preexisting vegetation either not being detrimental to environmental function to protecting water springs, erosion protection and increasing biodiversity. This study aimed to systematize the author's personal experiences with agroforestry systems in the Atlantic Forest domain regions and show different techniques and implantation strategies and management of agroforestry systems that can be employed day to day by farmers, especially the small family farmer. The different AFS deployed were based on biodiversity and plant succession, with low use of inputs and capital resources. The structure of the recommended systems was grounded on labor, family labor, in multistrata systems and the use of common plants in each location with high biomass production potential to enhance nutrient cycling. On average, more than 30 species were introduced in each AFS and the issues related to the choice of species to plant recognizing the soil quality from indicator plants were discussed. In addition, how to plan and distribute the plants in agroforestry designs were also described in detail. The best ways of how to plant and manage, with pruning, different species in biodiverse agroforestry systems included in this dissertation were presented from about 20 years of the author's experience in order to assist all those interested in working with this theme. / O Novo C?digo Florestal estabelece o compromisso por parte dos produtores rurais com a adequa??o ambiental de suas propriedades. As ?reas de Preserva??o Permanente, hoje utilizadas nas propriedades para cultivos agr?colas e pastagens, em muitos casos necessitar?o ser recuperadas. A nova lei permite a explora??o de sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) at? mesmo em ?reas de preserva??o permanente, desde que n?o descaracterize a cobertura vegetal nativa existente e nem prejudique a fun??o ambiental da ?rea, protegendo nascentes, combatendo a eros?o e aumentando a biodiversidade. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo sistematizar experi?ncias pessoais do autor com sistemas agroflorestais em regi?es de dom?nio da Mata Atl?ntica, mostrando diferentes t?cnicas e estrat?gias de implanta??o e manejo de SAFs que podem ser empregadas no dia a dia dos produtor rural, principalmente, do pequeno agricultor familiar. Os diferentes SAFs implantados foram baseados na biodiversidade e sucess?o vegetal, com baixo uso de insumos e recursos de capital. A estrutura dos sistemas preconizados foi alicer?ada na m?o-de-obra familiar, em multiestratos, na utiliza??o de plantas comuns em cada localidade com potencial de produ??o de biomassa, para intensificar a ciclagem de nutrientes. Em m?dia mais de 30 esp?cies eram introduzidas em cada SAF e as quest?es relacionados com a escolha das esp?cies, onde plantar reconhecendo a qualidade do solo a partir de plantas indicadoras foram abordadas. Al?m disso, como planejar e distribuir as plantas em desenhos agroflorestais tamb?m foram processos detalhadamente descritos. As melhores formas de como plantar e manejar, com podas, as diferentes esp?cies nos SAFs biodiversos constam desta disserta??o e foram apresentados a partir de cerca de 20 anos de experi?ncia do autor com intuito de auxiliar todos aqueles interessados em trabalhar com tem?tica.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-04T21:00:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Joventino Fernandes Moreira.pdf: 3401468 bytes, checksum: 9e89bb418c26be61f0e61413f30a9f7f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T21:00:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Joventino Fernandes Moreira.pdf: 3401468 bytes, checksum: 9e89bb418c26be61f0e61413f30a9f7f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-26 / CAPES / Bio-indicators are frequently used for environmental quality studies, monitoring of degraded areas and recovery processes, because they are intimately associated to specific landscape characteristics and respond to environmental changes by alterations in vital functions. In this sense, the study of the behaviour of edaphic organisms can contribute significantly to the evaluation of the environmental quality and to strategies and processes aiming the recovery and rehabilitation of areas affected by some type of degradation. This study aimed monitoring the colonisation by the soil fauna community of areas degraded by bauxite mining activities and revegetated with a mixture of native and leguminous species in the municipality of Porto Trombetas-PA, Brazil. Material was sampled in the years 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2008, in a chronosequence of regenerated areas of bauxite waste covered or not with topsoil, and in plantings in former bauxite tailing ponds. The individuals were captured in pitfall traps and separated in the Laboratory of Soil Fauna of the Embrapa Agrobiologia Research Centre. The evaluated parameters were abundance, richness, Shannon index, Pielou?s equitability index and the colonization patterns of fauna groups. The soil fauna profiles were obtained by nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMS) ordination, and the response of soil fauna community was evaluated using principal response curves (PRC). The results showed that the time from planting and the nutrient availability were determining factors during the environmental recovery of the system, especially in the bauxite waste areas revegetated in 1984, 1992 and 1994, and in the tailing pond areas that received higher amounts of fertilizers. In these areas, the vegetation development caused a better colonization and structuring of the soil fauna community, increasing its diversity and reestablishing the ecological processes. / Bioindicadores s?o frequentemente utilizados para estudos de avalia??o da qualidade ambiental, como no monitoramento de ?reas degradadas e de processos de recupera??o, uma vez que est?o intimamente associados a caracter?sticas espec?ficas da paisagem e respondem ?s mudan?as ambientais por meio de altera??es na composi??o e estrutura das comunidades. Neste sentido, o estudo do comportamento de organismos ed?ficos pode contribuir significativamente para a avalia??o da qualidade ambiental assim como de estrat?gias e processos destinados ? recupera??o e reabilita??o de ?reas que sofreram algum tipo de degrada??o. Este trabalho teve por objetivo acompanhar a coloniza??o da comunidade da fauna ed?fica em ?reas degradadas pela minera??o de bauxita e revegetadas com a mistura de esp?cies nativas e leguminosas arb?reas e arbustivas em Porto Trombetas-PA. As amostragens foram feitas nos anos 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004 e 2008 em reflorestamentos de diferentes idades plantados sobre material est?ril com e sem cobertura de solo superficial e em plantios em tanque de rejeito da lavagem da bauxita. Os indiv?duos foram capturados em armadilhas do tipo ?pitfall? e triados no Laborat?rio de Fauna de Solo da Embrapa Agrobiologia. Os par?metros usados para avalia??o foram: a abund?ncia, a riqueza, o ?ndice de diversidade Shannon, o ?ndice de Equabilidade de Pielou e o padr?o de coloniza??o dos indiv?duos da fauna do solo. Os perfis da fauna do solo foram obtidos pelo ordenamento multivariado atrav?s da t?cnica de escalonamento multidimensional n?o m?trico (NMS) e a resposta da comunidade de fauna ed?fica ?s varia??es ambientais foram avaliadas por meio de curvas de respostas principais (PRC). Os resultados mostraram que a idade do plantio e a disponibilidade de nutrientes foram fatores determinantes na recomposi??o da comunidade de fauna de solo, a qual foi maior nos reflorestamentos de 1984, 1992 e 1994 no est?ril e nas ?reas do tanque de rejeito que receberam maiores quantidades de fertilizantes. Nessas ?reas, o desenvolvimento da vegeta??o levou ? maior coloniza??o e a melhor estrutura??o da comunidade de fauna ed?fica, aumentando a sua diversidade e o restabelecimento de processos ecol?gicos.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T19:39:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Luciano Lopes Reis.pdf: 1765828 bytes, checksum: e031c34734485e7d84bd20e5fcc0d59b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This study had as objective to monitor the process of environmental reclamation of tanks filled with residues from bauxite washings, vegetated by hydro-sowing legume trees species inoculated with rhizobia, and asbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Nutrient fertilizers, without nitrogen, were added at the mixture at sowing. Later it was planted a mixture of native tree species seedlings, with a high proportion of N2-fixing legumes, in an experiment with additional increasing levels of fertilizers and liming, except for nitrogen. The deposits of sterile bauxite subsoil, vegetated with the mix of native species, with high proportion of legumes capable of N2 fixation and mineral fertilization, were evaluated at different periods of time, for the chemical and biological attributes of soil and plants. Samples of soil, leaves, litter, and soil invertebrates fauna were taken in 2002, 2003 and 2004, to measure nutrient availability in soil; foliar nutrient level of indicator plants; soil microbial biomass and activity; soil fauna activity, diversity and ecological indexes; and evaluation of vegetal coverage of the SP1 residue tank. The results of foliar analyses indicated that even at the highest level of fertilizer and lime additions in the SP1 residue tank were not sufficient to meet the adequate plant nutrition requirements, indicating the need of higher input of nutrients. By using multivariate statistical analyses of the data, it was possible to distribute the studied systems along Cartesian axis, where the native forest area, used as testimony, and old vegetated mining sites (planted in 1984, 1992 and 1994) were clustered together; while the most recent vegetated mining sites and the tanks filled with residues formed a distant cluster. Among the index attributes studied Al+3, total C, total N, K, soil pH, microbial carbon and respiration; and Ca and Mg from litter were the principal factors determining the ordering and distinction between reclamation sites. The reclamation methodology used in the residue tank SP1, which combined the hydro-sowing with application of low solubility fertilizers, using a mix of seeds from medium cycle legume trees inoculated and with mycorrhizae, with later planting of native seedlings and manual dispersion of seeds, showed to be an important technique to stimulate natural vegetation growth. Also, the technique resulted in a high capacity of addition of decidual material, and the legume tree Acacia holosericea showed the best capacity for soil coverage and input of nutrients. / Com o objetivo de monitorar o processo de recupera??o ambiental de tanques de dep?sito de rejeito da lavagem da bauxita, revegetados atrav?s da hidrossemeadura de leguminosas fixadoras de N2 e com adi??o de fungos micorrizicos, mais aporte de nutrientes. Posteriormente, foi feito o plantio de mudas nativas em experimento de n?veis de aduba??o e calagem, sem aplica??o de nitrog?nio. Os dep?sitos de subsolo est?ril em bauxita revegetados com mistura de esp?cies nativas, com grande propor??o de leguminosas fixadoras de N2 e aduba??o mineral na cova, avaliados em diferentes idades, foram utilizados atributos qu?micos e biol?gicos do solo e planta. Foram realizadas coletas de solo, de folhas, de serapilheira e da fauna de invertebrados do solo, nos anos de 2002, 2003 e 2004, para determina??o da disponibilidade de nutrientes no solo; dos teores foliares de nutrientes das plantas indicadoras; da biomassa e atividade microbiana; da atividade, diversidade de grupos e ?ndices ecol?gicos da comunidade da fauna do solo; e avalia??o da cobertura vegetal do tanque de rejeito SP1. Os resultados da an?lise foliar das esp?cies indicadoras e de disponibilidade de nutrientes no solo indicaram que nem os maiores n?veis de aduba??o e calagem utilizados no experimento do tanque de rejeito SP1 foram suficientes para permitir uma adequada nutri??o ?s plantas, indicando a necessidade de novos aportes de nutrientes. Atrav?s da aplica??o de ferramentas de estat?stica multivariada aos dados, foi poss?vel ordenar os sistemas estudados ao longo de eixos cartesianos, onde a ?rea de mata nativa, usada como testemunha, e reflorestamentos sobre res?duos de minera??o com maior idade (realizados nos anos de 1984, 1992 e 1994) se ordenam pr?ximos uns dos outros, enquanto que os reflorestamentos sobre est?ril mais recentes e ?reas dos tanques de rejeito se ordenam distantes destes, formando grupamentos entre si. Dentre os atributos indicadores utilizados, o Al+3, C total, N total, K e pH do solo; a respira??o e carbono microbiano; e o Ca e Mg da serapilheira foram os mais determinantes para o ordenamento e distin??o entre os sistemas em recupera??o. A metodologia de recupera??o utilizada no tanque de rejeito SP1 que combinou a pr?tica da hidrossemeadura com aplica??o de formas de adubos pouco sol?veis, utiliza??o de coquetel de sementes de leguminosas arb?reas de ciclo m?dio inoculadas e micorrizadas, posterior plantio de mudas nativas e lan?amento manual de sementes, mostrou-se como importante t?cnica propulsora da regenera??o natural. A t?cnica tamb?m resultou em elevada capacidade de aporte de material decidual, sendo a leguminosa arb?rea Acacia holosericea, a esp?cie que apresentou melhor capacidade de cobertura do solo e aporte de nutrientes.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:56:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Priscila Nogueira Matos.pdf: 1723305 bytes, checksum: 89e42c980c370e9eec2db3e9b08306ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-31 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The Mining is considered the activity can cause a great impact in the environment, involving the vegetation and subsoil layers remove. After the finish of mineral sources, mandatorily these areas require recovery measures. This study aimed to evaluate the initial establishment of three genotypes of palm oil: C2501, C2301 and C2528, indicated by Embrapa Amaz?nia ocidental, in area of mining in the northwest Par?. Was also evaluated the soil fauna, the occurrence of nitrogen fixing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with culture. The establishment of culture was evaluated for survival, height, number of leaves and nutritional status of plants and soil fertility. The impact on soil fauna was evaluated with samples in the experimental area and in areas of reforestation and forest adjacent to it. To determine the presence of mycorrhizal fungi and diazotrophic bacteria samples were taken from roots and soil in the palm oil. The amount of the plant N derived from BNF was determined with the natural abundance of 15N technique. The mortality of the plants was low, but growth was not strong, this may be related to low P in soil and periods of drought. In this initial stage of establishing the symbiosis with diazotrophic bacteria was inefficient where only the genotypes C2501 and C2528 were 4,5 and 4,8% respectively of N derived from BNF, with great variability in the population of bacteria. The mycorrhizal fungi no showed differences in sampled areas and this result may be related to water deficit and sampling period in the dry season. The composition of soil fauna not differ in the areas of palm oil plantation with and without green manure, and conventional reforestation, however not present the same diversity of the forest. / A minera??o ? considerada uma atividade econ?mica que causa um grande impacto ao ambiente, envolvendo a retirada da vegeta??o e camadas do subsolo. Ap?s a exaust?o dos recursos minerais, estas ?reas necessitam obrigatoriamente de medidas de recupera??o. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o estabelecimento inicial de tr?s gen?tipos de dend?: C2501, C2301 e C2528, indicados pela Embrapa Amaz?nia Ocidental, em ?reas de est?ril da Minera??o de bauxita no noroeste do Par?. Foram avaliados tamb?m a fauna do solo, a ocorr?ncia de bact?rias fixadoras de nitrog?nio e fungos micorr?zicos arbusculares associados ? cultura. O estabelecimento da cultura foi avaliado pela sobreviv?ncia, altura, n?mero de folhas e estado nutricional das plantas, e a fertilidade do solo. O impacto na fauna do solo foi avaliado na ?rea experimental e em ?reas de floresta prim?ria e reflorestamento adjacentes a este. A presen?a de bact?rias diazotr?ficas e fungos micorr?zicos foram determinadas em amostras de ra?zes e solo na ?rea do dend?. A quantidade de N na planta derivado da FBN foi determinada pela t?cnica de abund?ncia natural de 15N. A mortalidade das plantas foi considerada baixa apesar de seu crescimento n?o ter sido vigoroso podendo este estar relacionado ao baixo teor de P no solo e aos per?odos de stress h?drico por falta de ?gua. Neste est?gio inicial de implanta??o a simbiose com bact?rias diazotr?ficas foi pouco eficiente onde apenas os gen?tipos C2501 e C2528 tiveram 4,5 e 4,8% respectivamente de N derivado da FBN, com grande variabilidade na popula??o de bact?rias. Os fungos micorr?zicos n?o apresentaram diferen?as nas ?reas analisadas, tal resultado pode estar relacionado com a defici?ncia h?drica e o per?odo de coleta na ?poca seca. A composi??o da fauna do solo nas ?reas de plantio de dend? com e sem aduba??o n?o diferiram entre si e em rela??o ao reflorestamento convencional, n?o apresentando, entretanto a mesma diversidade da floresta prim?ria.