by Diana Robertson-Dunn. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 123-132). / Bibliography --- p.viii / Summary --- p.ix / List of Tables --- p.xi / List of Figures --- p.xi / Chapter Chapter One --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1. --- Cerebral asymmetry --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2. --- Functional asymmetry / Chapter 1.2.1. --- Cerebral dominance and laterality --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.2. --- Speech --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.3. --- Handedness --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3. --- Morphological asymmetry --- p.4 / Chapter Chapter Two --- Literature review and aim of the research / Chapter 2.1. --- Scope of the literature search --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2. --- Asymmetries of the cerebral hemispheres / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Introduction --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Weight assessments at post-mortem --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2.3. --- Volume assessments at post-mortem --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2.4. --- Volume assessments from CT and MR images --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2.5. --- Summary --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3. --- Asymmetries of the temporal lobes and the Sylvian fissures / Chapter 2.3.1. --- Introduction --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3.2. --- Asymmetries identified at post-mortem --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3.3. --- Asymmetries identified from arteriograms --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3.4. --- Asymmetries identified on CT and MR images --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3.5. --- Summary --- p.21 / Chapter 2.4. --- Asymmetries of the occipital and frontal lobes / Chapter 2.4.1. --- Introduction --- p.22 / Chapter 2.4.2. --- Asymmetry of the occipital lobes --- p.22 / Chapter 2.4.3. --- Asymmetry of the frontal lobes --- p.24 / Chapter 2.4.4. --- Asymmetries of both occipital and frontal lobes in vitro --- p.26 / Chapter 2.4.5. --- Asymmetries of both occipital and frontal lobes in vivo --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4.6. --- Summary --- p.35 / Chapter 2.5. --- Reported levels of left handedness / Chapter 2.5.1. --- Introduction --- p.37 / Chapter 2.5.2. --- Worldwide assessment of handedness --- p.37 / Chapter 2.5.3. --- Use of left hand for writing --- p.39 / Chapter 2.5.4. --- Use of the left hand for writing amongst Chinese in Taiwan and Hong Kong --- p.39 / Chapter 2.5.5. --- Summary --- p.41 / Chapter 2.6. --- Reported differences amongst Chinese and other racesin behavioural and morphological asymmetries / Chapter 2.6.1. --- Introduction --- p.41 / Chapter 2.6.2. --- Racial differences of brain morphology in vitro --- p.42 / Chapter 2.6.3. --- Racial differences of brain morphology in vivo --- p.42 / Chapter 2.6.4. --- Racial differences relating to speech --- p.44 / Chapter 2.6.5. --- Chinese attitudes to use of the left and right hands --- p.44 / Chapter 2.6.6. --- Summary --- p.44 / Chapter 2.7. --- Choice of method / Chapter 2.7.1. --- Choice of CT for morphological brain measurements --- p.45 / Chapter 2.7.2. --- Choice of linear measurements to assess morphological asymmetries --- p.46 / Chapter 2.7.3. --- Selection of subjects for handedness --- p.47 / Chapter 2.7.4. --- Selection of method for handedness assessment --- p.47 / Chapter 2.8. --- Justification for this research --- p.48 / Chapter 2.9. --- Aim and objectives of the research / Chapter 2.9.1. --- Aim of the research --- p.49 / Chapter 2.9.2. --- Objectives of the research --- p.50 / Chapter Chapter Three --- Methods / Chapter 3.1. --- Measurements of the cerebral hemispheres / Chapter 3.1.1. --- Selection of subjects --- p.51 / Chapter 3.1.2. --- Computed tomographic equipment used --- p.51 / Chapter 3.1.3. --- Exposure factors and pixel size --- p.52 / Chapter 3.1.4. --- Position of the subject for routine brain scan --- p.53 / Chapter 3.1.5. --- Exclusion criteria --- p.54 / Chapter 3.1.6. --- Measurements of the frontal and occipital lobes --- p.54 / Chapter 3.1.7. --- Measurements of the mid-cerebral region --- p.56 / Chapter 3.1.8. --- Division of subjects by age --- p.57 / Chapter 3.1.9. --- Reproducibility of width measurements --- p.58 / Chapter 3.1.10. --- Decimal places --- p.59 / Chapter 3.1.11. --- Assumptions --- p.59 / Chapter 3.2. --- Assessment of handedness in three age groups / Chapter 3.2.1. --- Rational behind choice of three groups --- p.63 / Chapter 3.2.2. --- Students aged 19-22 years --- p.64 / Chapter 3.2.3. --- Children aged 6-7 years --- p.64 / Chapter 3.2.4. --- Children aged 4-5 years --- p.65 / Chapter 3.3. --- Analysis of data / Chapter 3.3.1. --- Distribution of width measurements --- p.65 / Chapter 3.3.2. --- The affect of age on the data --- p.66 / Chapter 3.3.3. --- Asymmetry of both frontal and occipital lobes --- p.66 / Chapter 3.3.4. --- Skew Index --- p.66 / Chapter 3.3.5. --- "Significance of ""Positive skew"" and ""Negative skew""" --- p.67 / Chapter 3.3.6. --- Analysis of data for Skew index --- p.69 / Chapter Chapter Four --- Results / Chapter 4.1. --- "Distribution of the width measurements from left and right sides of the occipital,frontal and mid-cerebral regions" / Chapter 4.1.1. --- Introduction --- p.70 / Chapter 4.1.2. --- The mid-cerebral regions --- p.70 / Chapter 4.1.2.1. --- Distribution of widths from the left mid-cerebral region --- p.71 / Chapter 4.1.2.2. --- Distribution of widths from the right mid-cerebral region --- p.72 / Chapter 4.1.2.3. --- Comparison of left and right widths --- p.73 / Chapter 4.1.3. --- The frontal lobes --- p.74 / Chapter 4.1.3.1. --- Distribution of widths from the left frontal lobe --- p.74 / Chapter 4.1.3.2. --- Distribution of widths from the right frontal lobe --- p.75 / Chapter 4.1.3.3. --- Comparison of left and right widths --- p.76 / Chapter 4.1.4. --- The occipital lobes --- p.77 / Chapter 4.1.4.1. --- Distribution of widths from the left occipital lobe --- p.77 / Chapter 4.1.4.2. --- Distribution of widths from the right occipital lobe --- p.78 / Chapter 4.1.4.3. --- Comparison of left and right widths --- p.79 / Chapter 4.1.5. --- Summary of the means and standard deviations of widths --- p.80 / Chapter 4.1.6. --- Correlation between left and right sides --- p.81 / Chapter 4.1.7. --- Correlation of size of regions with age --- p.81 / Chapter 4.1.8. --- Summary --- p.82 / Chapter 4.2. --- Measurements examined as a function of age / Chapter 4.2.1. --- The mid-cerebral regions --- p.83 / Chapter 4.2.1.1. --- The left mid-cerebral region of all age groups --- p.83 / Chapter 4.2.1.2. --- The right mid-cerebral region of all age groups --- p.85 / Chapter 4.2.2. --- The frontal lobes --- p.86 / Chapter 4.2.2.1. --- The left frontal lobe of all age groups --- p.86 / Chapter 4.2.2.2. --- The right frontal lobe of all age groups --- p.87 / Chapter 4.2.3. --- The occipital lobes --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2.3.1. --- The left occipital lobe of all age groups --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2.3.2. --- The right occipital lobe of all age groups --- p.89 / Chapter 4.2.4. --- Summary --- p.90 / Chapter 4.3. --- Asymmetry of the frontal and occipital lobes and Skew Index / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Asymmetry of the frontal and occipital lobes --- p.91 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Introduction to 'Skew index' --- p.92 / Chapter 4.3.3. --- Positive Skew 226}0ب and 226}0بNegative Skew' --- p.93 / Chapter 4.3.4. --- Distribution of 'Skew index' --- p.95 / Chapter 4.3.5. --- Skew index' as a function of age --- p.96 / Chapter 4.3.5.1. --- Distribution of 226}0بSkew index' of subjects aged 0-9 years (group 1) --- p.96 / Chapter 4.3.5.2. --- Distribution of 'Skew index' of subjects aged 10-19 years (group 2) --- p.97 / Chapter 4.3.5.3. --- Distribution of 'Skew index' of all subjects divided by decade (groups 1-9) --- p.98 / Chapter 4.3.6. --- Summary --- p.99 / Chapter 4.4. --- Handedness --- p.100 / Chapter Chapter Five --- Discussion / Chapter 5.1. --- Morphological asymmetries of the brain / Chapter 5.1.1. --- Asymmetry of the frontal and occipital lobes --- p.101 / Chapter 5.1.2. --- Asymmetry of the temporal lobes --- p.103 / Chapter 5.1.3. --- Skew of the cerebral hemispheres --- p.103 / Chapter 5.2. --- "Findings from the younger age groups, aged under 20 years" / Chapter 5.2.1. --- Width measurements from subjects aged under 10 years --- p.104 / Chapter 5.2.2. --- Skew measurements of subjects aged under 10 years --- p.105 / Chapter 5.2.3. --- Width measurements of subjects aged from 10 to 19 years --- p.106 / Chapter 5.2.4. --- Skew measurements of subjects aged from 10 to 19 years --- p.106 / Chapter 5.3. --- Findings from the adults aged from 20 to 79 years / Chapter 5.3.1. --- Size of the cerebral regions --- p.107 / Chapter 5.3.2. --- Skew measurements of subjects aged from 20 to 79 years --- p.107 / Chapter 5.4. --- Findings from the oldest adults aged over 80 years / Chapter 5.4.1. --- An atypical group of subjects --- p.107 / Chapter 5.4.2. --- Size of the cerebral regions --- p.108 / Chapter 5.4.3. --- Cerebral skew in subjects aged over 80 years --- p.109 / Chapter 5.5. --- "Limitations, problems, bias, artefacts and main weakness" / Chapter 5.5.1. --- Limitations of the occipital and frontal measurements --- p.111 / Chapter 5.5.2. --- Linear measurements and possible limitations --- p.111 / Chapter 5.5.3. --- Problems encountered with cerebral measurements --- p.112 / Chapter 5.5.4. --- Potential bias in selection of subjects for assessing morphological asymmetry of the brain --- p.113 / Chapter 5.5.5. --- Potential source of error from CT artefacts --- p.113 / Chapter 5.5.6. --- Main weakness of this study --- p.113 / Chapter 5.6. --- Handedness / Chapter 5.6.1. --- Cerebral asymmetries --- p.114 / Chapter 5.6.2. --- Numbers of left-handers amongst the Chinese --- p.114 / Chapter 5.6.3. --- Left handedness amongst the Chinese in Taiwan --- p.114 / Chapter 5.6.4. --- Comparison of handedness amongst different races --- p.115 / Chapter 5.6.5. --- Biasing influences on Chinese children at school --- p.116 / Chapter 5.6.6. --- Biasing influences on Chinese children at home --- p.117 / Chapter 5.6.7. --- Handedness in two generations --- p.117 / Chapter 5.6.8. --- Potential bias in selection of subjects for assessing handedness --- p.118 / Chapter 5.6.9. --- Summary of results of handedness --- p.118 / Chapter 5.7. --- Extensions of the study / Chapter 5.7.1. --- Assessment of left-handedness amongst Chinese of Hong Kong --- p.119 / Chapter 5.7.2. --- Establishment of the association between handedness in the population and morphological brain asymmetry --- p.119 / Chapter Chapter Six --- Conclusion / Chapter 6.0 --- Conclusion --- p.121 / References --- p.123 / Acknowledgements --- p.133
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_320714 |
| Date | January 1995 |
| Contributors | Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Surgical Sciences. |
| Publisher | Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xii, 133 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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