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Previous issue date: 2017-03-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O g?nero Cyathus Haller foi estabelecido em 1768, por?m estudos taxon?micos aprofundados
envolvendo o grupo s? ocorreram ? partir de 1844. Nos anos seguintes foram propostas
altera??es na classifica??o infragen?rica de Cyathus baseando-se principalmente na
morfologia. Lloyd, em 1906, distribuiu as esp?cies em cinco grupos, e em 1975 Brodie
ampliou para sete grupos. Com o avan?o dos estudos filogen?ticos, as classifica??es
morfol?gicas foram testadas e uma nova subdivis?o em tr?s grupos foi proposta por Zhao e
colaboradores, em 2007. Tendo como base as caracter?sticas morfol?gicas utilizadas nas duas
?ltimas classifica??es, ? not?vel a presen?a de caracteres morfol?gicos amb?guos e mal
delimitados, o que torna a identifica??o em n?vel de esp?cie muitas vezes duvidosa. Assim,
esta tese se prop?s a compreender as rela??es filogen?ticas dos fungos do g?nero Cyathus, e
como estas rela??es refletem na caracteriza??o taxon?mica, atrav?s de an?lises morfol?gicas e
moleculares abrangendo a maior parte das esp?cies tipo do grupo. Os esp?cimes analisados
procedem de empr?stimo de cole??es de fungos nacionais (JPB, URM, UESC e UFRNFungos)
e internacionais (BBH, BPI, PH, DAOM, K, MA-Fungi, PC e TNS). As an?lises
morfol?gicas e moleculares foram realizadas no Brasil e no Jap?o: a morfologia seguiu a
metodologia padr?o para o grupo, e a an?lise molecular foi realizada com base em protocolos
dispon?veis na literatura ou indicados pelos fabricantes dos reagentes, com etapas adaptadas
para o g?nero Cyathus, incluindo o desenho de primers espec?ficos. Novos caracteres
morfol?gicos informativos foram definidos a partir da redescri??o de 50 tipos e 4 outras
esp?cies. Todas as 81 esp?cies com nome em uso corrente foram discutidas. Pranchas de
imagens, lista de nomes inv?lidos e lista de sin?nimos tamb?m s?o apresentadas. As an?lises
filogen?ticas utilizando M?xima Parcim?nia e Bayesiana inclu?ram 36 esp?cies, sendo 25
delas enquadradas em alguma categoria de tipo nomenclatural. O monofiletismo de Cyathus
foi confirmado com suporte m?ximo em ambos os testes, e os grupos infragen?ricos da ?ltima
classifica??o baseada em dados moleculares se mantiveram inalterados, entretanto o clado
striatum apresentou segrega??o em cinco grupos e dois subgrupos. A organiza??o filogen?tica
est? suportada com base em caracteres morfol?gicos, e s?o apresentadas diagnoses para cada
um dos agrupamentos bem como uma chave dicot?mica para a separa??o infragen?rica. / The genus Cyathus Haller was established in 1768, but in-depth taxonomic studies with the
group only occurred after 1844. In the following years changes in the infrageneric
classification of Cyathus were proposed, based mainly on morphology. In 1906 Lloyd
distributed the species into five groups, and in 1975 Brodie expanded to seven groups. With
the advances of phylogenetic studies, the morphological classifications were tested and a new
subdividion into three groups was proposed by Zhao and collaborators in 2007. Based on the
morphological characteristics used in the last two classifications, is remarkable the presence
of ambiguous and poorly delimited morphological characters, which makes identification at
species level often doubtful. Thus, this PhD thesis aimed to understand the phylogenetic
relationships of the fungi in the genus Cyathus and how these relations reflect in the
taxonomic characterization, through morphological and molecular analyzes covering most of
the type species of the group. The specimens analyzed come from national (JPB, URM,
UESC and UFRN-Fungos) and international fungal collections (BBH, BPI, PH, DAOM, K,
MA-Fungi, PC and TNS). Morphological and molecular analyzes were performed in Brazil
and Japan: the morphology followed the standard methodology for the group, and the
molecular analysis was performed based on protocols available in the literature or indicated
by the reagent manufacturers, with steps adapted for the genus Cyathus, including the design
of specific primers. New informational morphological characters were defined from the
description of 50 types and 4 other species. All 81 species with name in current use were
discussed. Figure plates, list of invalid names and list of synonyms are also presented. The
phylogenetic analyzes using Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian included 36 species, 25 of
them being classified in some nomenclatural type category. The monophyletism of Cyathus
was confirmed with maximum support in both tests, and the infrageneric groups of the last
classification based on molecular data were unchanged, however the clade striatum showed
segregation into five groups and two subgroups. All the phylogenetic organization is
supported based on morphological characters and diagnoses are presented for each clusters as
well as a dichotomous key for the infrageneric separation.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/23671 |
| Date | 31 March 2017 |
| Creators | Cruz, Rhudson Henrique Santos Ferreira da |
| Contributors | 67421199420, http://lattes.cnpq.br/1260730935714266, Goto, Bruno Tomio, 01060354446, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5968043766728580, Theodoro, Raquel Cordeiro, 22405839830, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0977453259767928, Silva, Bianca Denise Barbosa da, 00907423469, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5626730758767685, Wartchow, Felipe, 94298319091, http://lattes.cnpq.br/6314571767850075, L?cio, Paulo S?rgio Marinho, Baseia, Iuri Goulart |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM SISTEM?TICA E EVOLU??O, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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