Die studie is uitgevoer om die fisieke vermoensprofiel van atlete met intellektuele gestremdheid (lG) en
Downsindroom (DS) tussen die ouderdom van 10 en 17 jaar te bepaal. Die Brockport Physical Fitness
Test (BPFT) is gebruik om die fisieke vermoens van die atlete te bepaal. Geslagsgebaseerde verskille vir
hierdie populasiegroepe is ook ontleed. Die populasie het bestaan uit 75 proefpersone waarvan 66
intellektueel gestremd was en 9 in die Downsindoom subgroep geval het. Dit is duidelik uit hierdie twee
gestremde groepe dat Downsindroomkinders, asook kinders met intellektuele gestremdheid, minimaal
aan atletiek deelneem. Hoofstuk 2 fokus op die literatuuroorsig van die fisieke vermoens en
oefenkapasiteit van die intellektueel gestremde en Downsindroomkinders. Data ingesamel oor die
laasgenoemde is gebruik vir die samestelling van die artikels en kan apart gelees word in die
verhandeling. In artikels 1 en 2 is data eerstens vir beskrywingsdoeleindes aan die hand van
rekenkundige gemiddeldes (x), standaardafwykings (sa) en minimum en maksimum waardes ontleed.
'n Tweerigting variansie analise is gebruik om te bepaal hoeveel van die atlete in watter gesondheidsone
val. Verder is van 'n onafhanklike t-toets gebruik gemaak om betekenisvolheid van verskille tussen die
geslagte aan te dui. Die resultate dui daarop dat seuns en dogters met IG en DS oor swak aerobiese
kapasiteit beskik. Hierdie atlete word aan min fisieke aktiwiteit blootgestel en gesondheidsrisiko's neem
toe as gevolg van oorgewig en obesiteit. Atlete met IG beskik oor redelike goeie abdominale
spieruithouvermoe en hampese soepelheid. Hierteenoor het hulle oor swakker abdominale soepelheid,
skouersoepelheid, armspieruithouvermoe en handgreepkrag beskik. Atlete met DS aan die anderkant
beskik oor goeie hampese soepelheid, maar swak abdominale spieruithouvermoe, abdominale soepelheid,
skouersoepelheid, armspieruithouvermoe en handgreepkrag. Wat geslagsgebasseerde verskille bet ref dui
die resultate daarop dat dogters by beide IG- en DS-groepe 'n groter persentasie liggaamsvet het as seuns.
Verder blyk dit dat seuns met IG oor beter fisieke vermoens beskik as dogters met IG, net soos by
normaal ontwikkelde kinders. Seuns met IG beskik oor beter aerobiese kapasiteit asook fisieke
vermoens, vera! spierkrag en spieruithouvermoe, as dogters. Dogters met DS het verder meer
liggaamsvet en toon beter soepelheid as seuns, a!hoewel dit nie betekenisvol is nie. Na aanleiding van
hierdie bevindinge word aanbeveel dat intervensieprogramme in Suid-Afrika ontwikkel word vir kinders
met IG en DS om sodoende hul fisieke vermoens te verbeter. / The study was done to determine the fitness abilities profile of the intellectually disabled and Down's syndrome athletes aged 10 to 17 years. The Brockport Physical Fitness Test (BPFT) is used to determine the fitness abilities of these athletes. Gender-based differences in both population groups were also investigated. The research group consisted of 75 children of which 66 were intellectually disabled and 9 diagnosed with Down's syndrome (DS). It is clear from these two disabled groups that Down's syndrome
children as well as children with intellectual disabilities (ID) participate minimally in athletics. Chapter 2
is based on a literature review of the fitness abilities and training capacity of intellectually disabled and Down's syndrome children. Information gathered on the latter aspects was used in the two articles, which can be read independently in this dissertation. For articles 1 and 2, data was analysed by means of mean
values (M), standard deviations as well as minimum and maximum values. The two way table of variances was used to determine the amount of athletes that needs to be placed in each of the healthy fitness zones.
Furthermore an independent T-Test is used to prove the gender-based significance of differences. The results indicated that boys and girls with IG and DS had poor aerobic capacity. These athletes are exposed to inadequate physical activity, which exposes them to increased health risk due to their being overweight.
Athletes with IG had good abdominal muscle endurance performance and hamstring flexibility, although they also showed poor abdominal flexibility, shoulder flexibility, upper strength endurance and handgrip strength. Athletes with DS on the other hand showed good hamstring flexibility but poor abdominal muscle endurance performance, abdominal flexibility, shoulder flexibility, upper strength endurance and
hand grip strength. For the gender-based differences results show that boys with IG had better physical performance than girls with IG. Boys with IG consist of a better aerobic capacity as well as physical performance than girls, especially muscle strength and muscle endurance. The girls with DS have more body fat and shows better flexibility than the boys, although not significantly. Given the outcomes of this
study it is recommended that intervention programmes be developed for children with IG and DS in South Africa in order to enhance their physical fitness performance profile and their quality of life. / Thesis (M.A. (Human Movement Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:NWUBOLOKA1/oai:dspace.nwu.ac.za:10394/6414 |
| Date | January 2009 |
| Creators | Smith, Natascha Sophia |
| Publisher | North-West University |
| Source Sets | North-West University |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
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