With the increased marketing and popularity of a range of dairy products in recent years, research has become widespread concerning the influence of dairy on human health. It is also becoming evident that an individual’s genetic make-up contributes to shaping their health responses to dietary intakes. This research was primarily designed to investigate the impact of genetic variability on responsiveness of cholesterol metabolism, a classic biomarker of cardiovascular health, to the recommended level of dairy consumption in Canada. A secondary objective was to assess the influence of dairy intake on systemic inflammation as an emerging risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In a multicentre, randomized, free-living crossover design, 124 healthy individuals consumed 3 servings/day of conventional low-fat and regular milk, yogurt, and cheese (DAIRY diet) or dairy-free control products (CONTROL diet), each for 28 days as part of a prudent background dietary protocol. At the end of the study, DAIRY was associated with increased plasma concentrations of two established fatty acid biomarkers of dairy fat, pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and heptadecanoic acid (C17:0), as well as with small increases in serum total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations. Inter-individual variability in the cholesterol transport gene ABCG5, bile acid synthesis gene CYP7A1, and cholesterol synthesis gene DHCR7 contributed to shaping the degree of TC and LDL-C responsiveness to DAIRY; with higher cholesterol concentrations observed among ABCG5 rs6720173-G/G homozygotes, CYP7A1 rs3808607-G allele carriers, and DHCR7 rs760241-A allele carriers, relative to the C allele, T/T, and G/G carriers of these genes, respectively. Also, after DAIRY, the major allele T homozygosity of CYP7A1 rs3808607 and the minor allele A of DHCR7 rs760241 were associated with reduced plasma [3,4]13C cholesterol enrichment and deuterium incorporation, respectively, suggesting reduced cholesterol absorption and synthesis rates. DAIRY intake did not influence the inflammatory status. Overall, this research has provided evidence of a potential impact of the genomic architecture on responsiveness of cholesterol metabolism to dairy consumption. The novel findings are expected to advance knowledge of the inherited basis by which health biomarkers may be modified in response to whole foods, hence launching an important step towards an era of personalized nutrition. / February 2016
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:MANITOBA/oai:mspace.lib.umanitoba.ca:1993/30974 |
| Date | 03 September 2014 |
| Creators | Abdullah, Mohammad |
| Contributors | Jones, Peter (Human Nutritional Sciences), Friel, James (Human Nutritional Sciences) Eck, Peter (Human Nutritional Sciences) Hatch, Grant (Pharmacology and Therapeutics & Biochemistry and Medical Genetics) Tremblay, Angelo (Laval University) |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press, Cambridge University Press, American Society for Nutrition |
| Source Sets | University of Manitoba Canada |
| Detected Language | English |
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