In addition to being involved in protein biosynthesis and metabolism, the amino acid
glycine is the most important inhibitory neurotransmitter in caudal regions of the brain. These
functions require a tight regulation of glycine concentration not only in the synaptic cleft, but also
in various intracellular and extracellular compartments. This is achieved not only by confining the
synthesis and degradation of glycine predominantly to the mitochondria, but also by the action
of high-affinity large-capacity glycine transporters that mediate the transport of glycine across the
membranes of presynaptic terminals or glial cells surrounding the synapses. Although most cells
at glycine-dependent synapses express more than one transporter with high affinity for glycine,
their synergistic functional interaction is only poorly understood. In this review, we summarize our
current knowledge of the two high-affinity transporters for glycine, the sodium-dependent glycine
transporters 1 (GlyT1; SLC6A9) and 2 (GlyT2; SLC6A5) and the alanine–serine–cysteine-1 transporter
(Asc-1; SLC7A10).
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:DRESDEN/oai:qucosa:de:qucosa:89564 |
| Date | 07 February 2024 |
| Creators | Eulenburg, Volker, Hülsmann, Swen |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Source Sets | Hochschulschriftenserver (HSSS) der SLUB Dresden |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, doc-type:article, info:eu-repo/semantics/article, doc-type:Text |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 2561 |
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