Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis involved the study of the adrenal and thyroid glands. The study of adrenals was based, primarily, on epidemiological and pathological aspects of the lesions observed in the glands of 300 dogs necropsied in the Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (LPV/UFSM). For this purpose, a prospective study was performed from March 2012 to June 2013, totaling 16 months. Of the 300 dogs examined, 82% had one or more adrenal lesions. Only 18% of these dogs did not have adrenal changes. The hyperplastic lesions were the most prevalent, comprising 91.5% of the cases, followed by degenerative (26%), circulatory (20.3%), neoplastic (15%), inflammatory (4.1%) and other lesions (14.2%). Most of the animals with hyperplastic lesions consisted of females, elderly and purebred dogs. Fatty degeneration was the most common degenerative lesion (54.7%). Among the neoplastic changes, primary tumors were the most prevalent (75.7%), with a prevalence of adenomas (57.1%), followed by pheochromocytomas (25%) and cortical carcinomas (17.9%). Metastatic tumors corresponded to 24.3% of all cases of neoplastic changes. The adrenal glands were the site of metastasis of mammary gland carcinoma, osteosarcoma, melanoma, lymphoma, cholangiocarcinoma, histiocytic sarcoma and lung adenocarcinoma. Under "other lesions", adrenal of stress was the most prevalent change (37.1%). It was characterized histologically by a cortex with irregular appearance. For the study of thyroid lesions, it was reviewed the protocols of biopsies and necropsies performed at the LVP/UFSM between 2004 and 2014, and all cases of thyroid tumors were selected. Epidemiological data, clinical significance of tumors, presence of cervical swelling, affected lobes, tumor size, presence and location of metastasis and histological pattern of the neoplasm. It were recorded 26 tumors of the thyroid gland. Of the affected dogs, 53.9% were females and 46.1% were males; 65.4% were purebred. Of these, Boxers were the most affected (15.4%). In 23 protocols the age was informed; 60.9% of the dogs were elderly and 39.1% were adults. The protocols evaluation allowed establishing that 38.5% of the animals had shown cervical swelling, at the time of clinical examination. From the dogs that underwent to necropsy, only 13.6% died or were euthanized due to complications caused by metastases of thyroid tumors. Thus, in 86.4% of the dogs, the neoplasms were considered as incidental necropsy findings. Glandular unilateral involvement occurred in 75% of the dogs. The histological diagnosis of primary tumors showed that 61.5% of the neoplasms were classified as follicular cell carcinomas, 23.1% as follicular cell adenomas, 7.7% as carcinosarcomas and 7.7% as tumors of C cell. Additionally, two cases of thyroid follicular cell carcinoma in dogs that developed myelopathy secondary to cervical spinal epidural metastasis were minutely evaluated, and separately reported. / Esta tese envolveu o estudo das adrenais e da tireoide. O estudo das adrenais baseou-se, principalmente, nos aspectos epidemiológicos e patológicos das lesões observadas nas glândulas de 300 cães necropsiados no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (LPV/UFSM). Esse estudo foi realizado de forma prospectiva, de março de 2012 a junho de 2013. Dos 300 cães analisados, 82% tinham uma ou mais alterações nas adrenais e 18% não tinham alterações. As lesões hiperplásicas foram as mais prevalentes, com 91,5% das ocorrências, seguidas de lesões degenerativas (26%), circulatórias (20,3%), neoplásicas (15%), inflamatórias (4,1%) e outras lesões (14,2%). A maioria dos animais que apresentou lesões hiperplásicas era constituída de fêmeas, idosos e cães com raça definida. A degeneração gordurosa foi a lesão degenerativa mais frequente (54.7%). Entre as alterações neoplásicas, tumores primários foram mais prevalentes (75,7%), com predomínio de adenomas (57,1%), seguido de feocromocitomas (25%) e carcinomas corticais (17,9%). Os tumores metastáticos perfizeram 24,3% dos casos de alterações neoplásicas. As adrenais foram sítio de metástase de carcinoma mamário, osteossarcoma, melanoma, linfoma, colangiocarcinoma, sarcoma histiocítico e adenocarcinoma pulmonar. No item outras lesões , adrenal de estresse foi a alteração mais prevalente (37,1%). Essa alteração era caracterizada histologicamente por córtex de aspecto variegado. Para o estudo das lesões de tireoide foram revisados os protocolos de biópsias e necropsias do LPV/UFSM entre os anos de 2004 e 2014 e todos os casos de tumores tireoidianos foram selecionados. A partir disso, foram anotados dados epidemiológicos, significado clínico dos tumores, presença de aumento de volume cervical, lobos afetados, tamanho, presença e localização de metástases e padrão histológico dos neoplasmas. Foram diagnosticados 26 neoplasmas tireoidianos. Dos cães acometidos, 53,9% eram fêmeas e 46,1% eram machos; 65,4% eram cães com raça definida. Desses, Boxers foram os mais afetados (15,4%). Dos 23 protocolos em que a idade foi informada, 39,1% eram cães adultos e 60,9% eram idosos. A avaliação dos protocolos permitiu constatar que 38,5% dos animais haviam apresentado aumento de volume cervical no momento do exame clínico. Apenas 13,6% dos cães necropsiados morreram ou foram submetidos à eutanásia em decorrência de complicações causadas por metástases dos tumores de tireoide. Dessa forma, em 86,4% dos cães os neoplasmas foram considerados achados incidentais de necropsia. O acometimento unilateral da glândula ocorreu em 75% dos cães. Os diagnósticos histológicos dos tumores primários permitiram constatar que 61,5% dos neoplasmas eram carcinomas de células foliculares, 23,1% eram adenomas de células foliculares, 7,7% eram carcinossarcomas e 7,7% eram tumores de células C. Além disso, foram estudados de forma detalhada e relatados separadamente dois casos de carcinoma de células foliculares da tireoide em que os cães desenvolveram mielopatia secundária à metástase epidural cervical espinhal.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/4111 |
| Date | 27 February 2015 |
| Creators | Tochetto, Camila |
| Contributors | Kommers, Glaucia Denise, Fighera, Rafael Almeida, Silva, Marcia Cristina da, Inkelmann, Maria Andréia, Masuda, Eduardo Kenji |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, UFSM, BR, Medicina Veterinária |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSM, instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, instacron:UFSM |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 500500000007, 400, 300, 300, 300, 300, 300, 300, 432feb45-3af7-4769-84f8-44f81f48e8a7, e03fcab6-e180-4edf-8305-69c5a7ee1888, 7627b528-7167-4dc2-ae43-0a443b390a3b, 09d6b4e4-7277-4886-8b7f-a620cb5c8b50, adaae1ea-ed0b-4f0a-a40e-2778718bcc30, c87d1597-b27c-4e17-870e-837268c12243 |
Page generated in 0.5242 seconds