This report deals with the influence of different sizing agents on carbon fiber (CF) heavy tows towards their impregnation with a geopolymer (GP) suspension and resulting properties of mineral-impregnated carbon-fiber composites (MCF) produced in an automated, continuous process. Three different commercial CFs were investigated after treatment with either thermoplastic, epoxy, or vinyl-ester sizing agents and then compared to unsized CFs. During impregnating, diverse yarn-spreading behavioral modes and degrees of wetness were observed, indicating different degrees of impregnation, both in quality and quantity. All sizing agents decreased the hydrophobic nature of unsized CFs significantly. Supported by microscopic investigation, water contact angle measurement, and thermal gravimetric and mercury intrusion porosity, the epoxy sizing showed the best fiber-matrix distribution over the cross-section and a dense microstructure. Moreover, in single-fiber pullout tests each sizing brought about a significant increase in maximum pullout force, indicating enhanced bond between fiber and matrix. This is attributed to more intense interaction in the interfacial region, fully corroborating the topological characteristics obtained in microscopic analysis. With higher interfacial bond strength, the thermoplastic sizing enabled the highest tensile properties of MCF despite slightly less impregnation quality in comparison with epoxy-sized samples.:Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Materials and methods
2.1. Raw materials
2.2. Preparation of the mineral-impregnated carbon fiber composites (MCF)
2.3. Single-fiber pullout tests
2.4. Characterization of fresh state properties of MCF
2.5. Mechanical testing of MCF
2.6. Analytical and morphological characterization
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Characterization of CF yarns
3.2. Characterization of yarn processing
3.3. Morphological and analytical characterization of MCF
3.4. Bending behavior of MCF
3.5. Pullout behavior of carbon fibers
3.6. Uniaxial tensile behavior of MCF
3.7. Microscopic analysis of the fracture surfaces of MCF
4. Summary and conclusions
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Declaration of Competing Interest
Acknowledgment
References
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:DRESDEN/oai:qucosa:de:qucosa:76076 |
| Date | 24 August 2023 |
| Creators | Zhao, Jitong, Liebscher, Marco, Tzounis, Lazaros, Mechtcherine, Viktor |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Source Sets | Hochschulschriftenserver (HSSS) der SLUB Dresden |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion, doc-type:article, info:eu-repo/semantics/article, doc-type:Text |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 0169-4332, 150740, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.150740, info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/Europäischer Sozialfonds/Richtlinie des Sächsischen Staatsministeriums für Wissenschaft und Kunst zur Förderung von aus dem Europäischen Sozialfonds mitfinanzierten Vorhaben in den Bereichen Hochschule und Forschung im Freistaat Sachsen für die Förderperiode 2014 - 2020/100380876//LIP/KAKO 2019_TUD |
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