The present study examines the joint roles of leadership and stressors for presenteeism
of scientific staff. Leaders may have an impact on employees’ health, both directly
through interpersonal interactions and by shaping their working conditions. In the field of
science, this impact could be special because of the mentoring relationships between
the employees (e.g., PhD students) and their supervisors (e.g., professors). Based on
the job demands-resources framework (JD-R), we hypothesized that the pressure to be
present at the workplace induced by supervisors (supervisorial pressure) is directly related
to employees’ presenteeism as well as indirectly via perceptions of time pressure. The
conservation of resources theory (COR) states that resource loss resulting from having to
deal with job demands weakens the resource pool and therefore the capacity to deal with
other job demands. Thus, we hypothesized that accumulation of work moderates the
relationship between supervisorial pressure and time pressure, such that the relationship
is stronger when accumulation of work is high compared to if accumulation of work
is low. Cross-sectional data were obtained from 212 PhD students and postdocs of
30 scientific institutions in Germany. Analysis was performed using the SPSS macro
PROCESS (Hayes, 2013). Supervisorial pressure was directly associated with higher
presenteeism of employees and indirectly through increased time pressure. Moreover,
supervisorial pressure and accumulation of work interacted to predict time pressure, but
in an unexpected way. The positive relationship between supervisorial pressure and time
pressure is stronger when accumulation is low compared to if accumulation of work is
high. It seems possible that job stressors do not accumulate but substitute each other.
Threshold models might explain the findings. Moreover, specific patterns of interacting
job demands for scientific staff should be considered in absence management.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:DRESDEN/oai:qucosa:de:qucosa:83744 |
| Date | 27 February 2023 |
| Creators | Dietz, Carolin, Scheel, Tabea |
| Publisher | Frontiers Research Foundation |
| Source Sets | Hochschulschriftenserver (HSSS) der SLUB Dresden |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, doc-type:article, info:eu-repo/semantics/article, doc-type:Text |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 1664-1078, 1885 |
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