Many HIV-positive (HIV+) males on Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) experience metabolic abnormalities, including Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and lipodystrophy. The intestinal microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFA), participate in bidirectional communication with their host. Dysbiosis in HIV+ males on HAART demonstrate a Prevotella-rich enterotype shaped by multiple factors including, medications, adiposity, diet, intestinal permeability, and lifestyle; our objective was to investigate these factors. 19 HIV+ and 21 HIV- males were enrolled. BMI and hip-to-waist ratio (H:W) were obtained, and FibroScan for liver health. Intestinal permeability markers Claudin-21, flagellin, and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) in serum via enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Stool was collected for 16s rRNA sequencing, SCFAs (gas chromatography), and proximate analyses (PA). PA analyses: Bomb calorimetry (kcal), soxhlet for lipids, kjeldhal for protein, and fiber. Dietary intake by food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). HIV+ males had significantly higher H:W and hepatic steatosis (pPrevotella and Lachnospiraceae compared to HIV- males. Additionally, HIV+ males had significantly higher central obesity and hepatic steatosis. In a retrospective analysis, all HIV+ men were men that have sex with men (MSM). These findings support differences in intestinal microbiome and SCFAs, and measures of altered lipid metabolism between HIV+ and HIV- males. These findings lay the framework for investigations into intestinal microbiome, SCFAs and metabolism in HIV+ MSM.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:ETSU/oai:dc.etsu.edu:etd-5841 |
| Date | 01 December 2023 |
| Creators | Andreae, Mary, Andreae, Mary C, Mrs |
| Publisher | Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University |
| Source Sets | East Tennessee State University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | Electronic Theses and Dissertations |
| Rights | Copyright by the authors. |
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