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Previous issue date: 2012 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O experimento foi conduzido, no setor de avicultura da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, localizado no munic?pio de Diamantina/MG, o qual se situa a 1.370 m de altitude, 18?9? S de latitude e 43?21?W de longitude, durante o per?odo de 21 de fevereiro a 16 de maio de 2011, com o objetivo de avaliar a capacidade de adapta??o ao sistema de cria??o semi-intensivo de sete linhagens comerciais de frango de corte tipo caipira atrav?s de par?metros comportamentais e fisiol?gicos. Foram utilizados 420 pintos de um dia de sete gen?tipos diferentes. Aos 28 dias de idade foi permitido o acesso aos piquetes. Ap?s um per?odo de tr?s dias de adapta??o foi iniciado o monitoramento dos animais, dos 31 aos 84 dias de idade, durante os quais foram realizadas as observa??es visuais comportamentais das 07:00 at? 17:00 horas. Temperatura cloacal e frequ?ncia respirat?ria foram coletados uma vez por semana ?s 09:00 e 15:00 horas. Os dados de temperatura de bulbo seco, umidade relativa do ar e temperatura de globo negro foram obtidos por meio de term?metros instalados em v?rios pontos dos piquetes e do galp?o, coletadas quatro vezes ao dia As vari?veis fisiol?gicas foram avaliadas utilizando-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com arranjo em parcelas subdivididas. As vari?veis comportamentais foram analisadas atrav?s do teste n?o param?trico de Friedman. Durante o per?odo experimental a temperatura m?dia do ar manteve-se, dentro do galp?o, em 21,5?C e a umidade relativa em 74,6%. Nos piquetes a temperatura m?dia manteve-se em 23,2?C e a umidade em 64,7%. Houve aumento no ITGU entre 8:00 h e pr?ximo ?s 14:00 h, decrescendo ap?s este hor?rio. As aves das linhagens, Carij? e Colorpak apresentaram FR mais elevada em rela??o ?s aves das linhagens Caboclo e Gigante Negro. Os valores m?dios de FR e TC para todas as linhagens foram maiores no per?odo da tarde. Para os comportamentos comendo, bebendo, explorando penas, bicagem n?o agressiva, bicagem agressiva, movimento de desconforto, ciscando e banho de areia n?o houve efeito da linhagem no hor?rio de sete horas da manh?. As linhagens Caboclo e Gigante Negro foram as que obtiveram o menor n?mero m?dio de animais sentados e o maior n?mero m?dio de aves forrageando ?s sete horas da manh?. A partir de nove horas houve redu??o no comportamento de forragear e acr?scimo no comportamento sentado. Para o comportamento de comer houve aumento na observa??o das nove horas em rela??o ?s sete horas e consequentemente aumento no consumo de ?gua para todas as linhagens. Aumento no movimento de desconforto pode ser notado entre onze horas e quinze horas. A partir das quinze horas o comportamento de forragear come?ou a ficar mais intenso. As linhagens Caboclo e Gigante Negro se mostraram mais capazes de adaptar ao sistema de cria??o semi-intensivo, fisiologicamente tamb?m foram mais eficientes controlando melhor sua temperatura corporal e frequ?ncia respirat?ria. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, [2012]. / ABSTRACT
The experiment was conducted in the poultry sector of the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, in Diamantina/MG, which is situated at 1370m altitude, 18?9'S latitude and 43?21'W longitude, from February 21st to May 16th, 2011, the objective was to evaluate the ability to adapt to the semi-intensive farming system of seven commercial strains of free-range broiler chickens through the evaluation of behavioral, physiological and performance parameters of birds. There had been used 420 chicks with one day old of seven genotypes. At 28 days old, they have been allowed access to the paddocks. After a period of three days of adaptation, monitoring of animals was initiated, from the 31st to the 84th days old, during which the behavioral visual observations were performed from 07:00 until 17:00 hours. The cloacae temperature and frequency respiratory were collected once a week at 09:00 and 15:00 hours. The data of dry bulb temperature, relative humidity and black globe temperature were obtained by means of thermometers installed at various points of the paddocks and the poultry house, collected four times a day. The physiological variables were evaluated using a randomized block design with split plots. The behavioral variables were analyzed using the nonparametric Friedman test. During the experimental period the mean air temperature inside the poultry house was kept at 21.5?C and relative humidity at 74.6%. In the paddocks, the average temperature was maintained at 23.2?C and humidity at 64.7%. There was an increase in BGT between 8:00 and almost up to 14:00 hours, decreasing after this time. The birds of the strains Carij? and Colorpak showed frequency respiratory higher compared to the birds of the strains Caboclo and Gigante Negro. The mean frequency respiratory and cloacal temperatures for all strains were higher in the afternoon. For the behaviors eating, drinking, exploring feathers, non-aggressive pecking, aggressive pecking, movement discomfort, scratching and dust-bathing there was no effect (P <0.05) of the strain at 07:00 hours in the morning. The strains Caboclo and the Gigante Negro which were obtained the lowest average number of animals sitting and higher average number of birds foraging at 07:00 hours in the morning. As from 09:00 hours there was a reduction in foraging behavior and increased sitting behavior. For eating behavior increased in 09:00 hours of observation in relation to 07:00 hours and consequently increase in water consumption for all strains. Increased movement of discomfort can be noticed between 11:00 and 15:00 hours. From the 15:00 hours of foraging behavior became more intense. The strains Caboclo and Gigante Negro had better adaptability to the semi-intensive farming system compared to other strains. Physiologically, the birds of the strains Caboclo and Gigante Negro were more able to maintain their body temperature and frequency respiratory at lower levels
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui:1/776 |
| Date | January 2012 |
| Creators | Gon?alves, Sic?lia Avelar |
| Contributors | Ferreira, Rony Antonio, Pereira, Idalmo Garcia, Pires, Aldrin Vieira, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Ferreira, Rony Antonio |
| Publisher | UFVJM |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFVJM, instname:Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, instacron:UFVJM |
| Rights | A concess?o da licen?a deste item refere-se ao ? termo de autoriza??o impresso assinado pelo autor, assim como na licen?a Creative Commons, com as seguintes condi??es: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publica??o, autorizo a Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio de seus reposit?rios, sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei n? 9610/98, o texto integral da obra disponibilizada, conforme permiss?es assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impress?o e/ou download, a t?tulo de divulga??o da produ??o cient?fica brasileira, e preserva??o, a partir desta data., info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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