Oxidative stress has been associated with many disease conditions in adults and neonates based on clinical and post mortem studies. Trauma is the commonest cause of oxidative stress. However a gap in knowledge of the natural history of oxidative stress in humans was identified as most studies have been post mortem or in animals. <p>The aim of this research is to understand treat and oxidative stress in trauma and surgical patients. The study involved three components including: the development and evaluation of the novel oxistress assay; study of clinical trauma and oxidative stress; and clinical trial of alanyl-glutamine supplementation following major surgery. The novel oxistress assay was used on urine samples in the normal population to determine reference values and subsequently on hospital patients to determine sensitivity and specificity. The study of clinical trauma and oxidative stress evaluated plasma antioxidants (FRAP assay), red cell glutathione (Asensis method), plasma and urine protein carbonyl (Levines method) and total oxidants in plasma and urine (oxistress assay) over 7 day period following trauma. The clinical trial was a double blind study of 69 major surgery patients evaluating biochemical and clinical parameters over 7 day period in comparison with pre-operative status. <p>The novel oxistress assay proves to be a sensitive and accurate bedside diagnostic tool for oxidative stress. It can also be used in the laboratory setting. Oxidative stress is associated with increased trauma severity resulting in antioxidant depletion, strong oxidant production and protein degradation. The presence of pre-morbid medical factors also increased oxidative stress in trauma patients. Oral alanyl-glutamine supplementation (0.3 g/kg) increased plasma glutamine and antioxidant levels while decreasing urine oxidant levels. It significantly reduced hospital stay in non-cancer and higher disease complexity patients. The intervention also reduced the resource intensity weighting (RIW) score. <p>Oxidative stress is a clinical problem in surgery and trauma patients that can now be easily diagnosed at the bedside using the novel oxistress assay. Treatment with alanyl-glutamine is effective in reducing oxidative stress and improving clinical outcome. It is highly recommended probably at a higher dose in order to achieve optimal results.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:LACETR/oai:collectionscanada.gc.ca:SSU.etd-08302004-190755 |
| Date | 31 August 2004 |
| Creators | Obayan, Adebola Okunola Emeka |
| Contributors | Keith, Roger G., Keith, Roger G., Juurlink, Bernhard H. J., Griebel, Robert W., Dust, William N. |
| Publisher | University of Saskatchewan |
| Source Sets | Library and Archives Canada ETDs Repository / Centre d'archives des thèses électroniques de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://library.usask.ca/theses/available/etd-08302004-190755/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached hereto a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to University of Saskatchewan or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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