專利檢索與分析對於企業、研發機構、學術單位等等不同性質的專利權人，在智慧財產經營與管理上扮演著決策參考的重要角色，由於目前存在著許多似是而非的方法與理論，透過適當的檢索方法及分析架構、利用方便的工具進行專利檢索，應用實際的方法進行專利分析，將技術與專利佈署的靜態資訊，授權、訴訟、轉讓、設質等動態資訊這些龐大資料轉化成具有結構化、系統化的統計資料，藉以分析專利權人佈署專利的軌跡，並且提供作為商業決策之參考的分析流程更顯出相當程度的困難，這些種種的困難點出了專利檢索與專利分析正確與客觀的重要性。
因此本研究之目的將包括以下各點：
一、檢討既有國內外專利檢索系統、專利地圖分析方法之優缺；研究國內外數個相關專利檢索系統（國內：Patent Guider、Patent Pilot，國外：Derwent、Delphion）的現況，分析界面、功能的差異，並且探討系統中對於專利分析方法的優缺。
二、檢視過去專利檢索的迷思與探討使用者對於專利分析方法的需求與期望；根據現有專利檢索系統的設計、專利檢索的方法、檢索結果的解讀，提出在整個檢索流程所引發的迷思，衍生探討使用者對於專利檢索與專利地圖的需求與期望；從不同使用者的角度探討專利檢索與專利地圖所應提供的訊息與功能，針對該些需求予以定義，並且分類、分級群組化；並從本章所研究的兩個主題綜合起來，將現狀的專利檢索迷思與使用者需求作為問題探討的重點，並試著在第四章提出檢索流程的步驟與專利分析的新方法。
三、解析專利地圖檢索流程，專利檢索的步驟與流程不外乎如下「釐清檢索的目的、界定檢索的範圍、善用檢索的工具、客觀的檢索方法、呈現檢索的結果」，先判斷使用者的需求在哪裡為出發點，並且還原產業鏈、價值鏈、供應鏈與產品、產值、地區、公司的交互關係，從中尋找深入研究或分析的目標產品、地區、公司，此時方能根據產品組合開始進行技術結構的拆解與專利的對應，若缺乏以上步驟，將會落入過去專利檢索的迷思，也達不到任何作用。
四、設計客觀的專利分析方法，提出新的報表與設計的概念及分析方法，分別界定表格的組成、不同的欄位定義、資料來源、操作界面與方式、限制條件，並且與前章所探討的使用者需求做連結，新設計的報表以產品組合、技術結構作為專利檢索的核心，利用樹狀階層關係展開產品或系統的模組、元件、結構、製程和對應的衍生技術，清楚地界定檢索標的，搜尋正確的專利資料後，還需要客觀可靠的分析方法，從使用者的需求對應設計報表所需的欄位和非專利資料來源，設定表格的定義，最後在解讀表格中數字與欄位的意義。
在檢討了過去專利檢索系統與分析的方法之後，整理出四項現有問題「專利數量迷思、數量指標公式、依賴專利分類、專利導出市場」，這些問題嚴重影響了既有的專利地圖正確性、客觀性與可行性，且本論文歸納提出五個革新「資料來源豐富化、操作界面整合化、檢索流程模組化、檢索方法彈性化、分析方法客觀化」，為了追求專利地圖能對使用者有著更為實際的幫助，應屏除過去的缺失，以嶄新的觀念與方法進行專利檢索與分析以獲得更為正確、客觀且可行性高的豐富結果。
關鍵字：專利檢索、專利分析 / The patent retrieval and the analysis acts an important character as policy-making reference in the intellectual property management regarding the enterprises, the research and development institutions, the academia and so on the other difference assignees. At present, there are many specious methods and the theories about the region. Therefore, it appears difficult to utilize an appropriate tool with an objectively analysis method for transforming static and corresponding dynamic information of patent into structured and systematized data so as to analyze patent disposition path of each assignee. What described above emphasizes the important of accurate patent retrieval and objective patent analysis.
Therefore goal of the this thesis includes 4 subjects as below:
First, the analysis methods of bygone patent map are studied through reviewing 4 patents retrieval system including domestic and foreign ones. I researched 4 patents retrieval systems which domestic: Patent Guider, Patent Pilot, overseas: Derwent, Delphion, and addressed differences between them by comparing each other’s present situation, data sources, user interface, functions, and so on.
Second, the fallacy of the past patent retrieval procedure is inspected. According to the existing patent retrieval system design, the patent retrieval method, and how to read out from retrieval result, this thesis proposes some problems in the past patent retrieval procedure and discusses in detail the user’s demand and expectation for the patent retrieval and analysis.
Third, I researched and analyzed the patent retrieval procedure so as to emit a new process. The patent retrieval procedure in steps is nothing more than as follows "sort out a clear goal, limits a reasonable scope, utilize a proper tool, adopt an objective method, present the retrieval result”. It gauges user’s demands first, then finds target products, areas, and companies to be researched and analyzed deeply later from the alternately relations of the actual industry chain, the value chain, the supply chain, the target products with their output value, different areas, and companies. Based upon the new process, the patent retrieval process and result will be clear and useful, if the technical structure of target products is expanded to find out the correspondence between patents and market information.
Fourth, chapter 4 of the thesis presents an objective method for analyzing patents. This paragraph proposed new analysis forms with its data sources, definitions, user interface, and the limiting conditions within the analysis method linked to the user’s demand. The core of patent retrieval in the new analysis forms is the technical structure that is expanded as modules, components, structural technology, and process technology in a hierarchical way within the target product. After stacking out the retrieval target, the method defines every analysis forms and non-patent material using an objective and reliable way.
After examined past patent retrieval system and the analysis method, the thesis reorganizes four existing questions "the fallacy of patent quantity, the quantitative index formula, the over dependence on patent classification, the patent derives the market". These questions have seriously affected accurateness, objectiveness, and the feasibility of the bygone patent map. Therefore, in order to pursue the patent map to be able to have a more actual help to the user, we should eliminate the past fallacy to carry on the patent retrieval and analysis by the brand-new idea and the method.
Besides the conclusion, the thesis also inducts 5 innovations "diversifying the data sources, integrating the user interfaces, modularizing the retrieval process, the flexible retrieval method, the objective analysis method".
Keywords: patent retrieval, patent analysis
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0093361015 |
| Creators | 林家聖, Lin,Chia Shen |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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