In the first chapter, the aims of the study are set and the methodology of research adopted in conducting and organizing this study is explained. In the second chapter, major studies on translation are reviewed and trends in research activities are identified and evaluated. -Further, main contributions made to the discipline by the reviewed writers as well as areas of weakness are touched upon. In the-third chapter, the problems of metaphor and how to translate it are formulated. The nature of metaphor, its traditional classifications and. Leech's (1985) method of analyzing"it are described. Then major theories about the function of metaphor as well as major traditional schools of how to approach its translation are reviewed with the necessary evaluation. Lastly, an approach of deep-versus surface meaning is suggested and its implications for the division of texts into the Factual and the Fictitious are considered. The fourth chapter represents the application-of the approach to data of five different translations of Ouranic metaphors. The application is carried out as follows: Firstly the Quranic metaphors are classified according to common characteristics in order to establish major areas of metaphoric use in the Quran. Secondly, metaphor is defined as a text using de-Beaugrande and Dressler's(1981) definition of text characteristics. Thirdly, by modifying and incorporating House's (1981) and Crystal and Davy's in House (1981) models, a new model is devised to analyze, compare and assess adequacy of the translations of the Quranic metaphors identified earlier as texts in their own right. Fourthly, surface and deep meanings of every Quranic metaphor as well as its five translations are separated according to Leech's (1985) method described earlier in Chapter Three. The purpose of the separation of deep and surface meanings is to establish the non-figurative meaning of the metaphors and the translations divorced from their specific wording. Fifthly, the devised model is applied to the aforementioned data of translations of Quranic metaphors. Consequently, a profile of every translation of each of the Quranic metaphors is achieved. The profiles of the translations are then compared with the profiles of the original. As a result, inaccuracies of the translations and deviations from the original on the basis of the dimensions of the model and general approach are described to provide assessment of the quality of those translations. Chapter five deals with the consequences of applying the approach of deep versus surface meaning. These consequences are methods of metaphor translating derived from the five Ouranic translations. Those methods are further tested by applying them to random data of media metaphors and are then suggested as flexible rules of how to translate metaphors in general. The sixth chapter deals with the implications of the deep versus surface meaning approach for devising a second model to assess adequacy of longer and other types of translation texts. As a result, a second model is devised on the basis of disentangling form from content and then assessing the reproduction of content in the second language using the criteria of surface versus deep meaning, as well as the focus of the text. Chapter seven represents the consequences of the general approach as well as the two proposed models and their applications. These consequences crystalize as guidelines suggested to help translators in the HOW of translating. In the eighth chapter, as a conclusion, a summary of the proposed approach and its implications are presented as well as suggestions for future research.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:bl.uk/oai:ethos.bl.uk:293785 |
| Date | January 1990 |
| Creators | Zahri, Maysoon |
| Publisher | University of Salford |
| Source Sets | Ethos UK |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
| Source | http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14750/ |
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