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Amniotic fluid and fetal bladder volume in the last trimester of pregnancy: relationship between volumes and gender.

Leung Yee Fong, Vivian. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-169). / Acknowledgments --- p.i / Legend for figures --- p.ii / Legend for tables --- p.v / List of abbreviations --- p.vii / Abstract --- p.viii / Chapter Ch 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Embryology --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Embryology of amniotic cavity --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Embryology of kidney and bladder --- p.3 / Chapter Ch 2 --- Background: What is already known about amniotic fluid volume? --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1 --- Normal physiology --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- The origin of amniotic fluid: Where does it come from? --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Where does the amniotic fluid go? How reabsorbed? --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- How is amniotic fluid volume controlled? --- p.18 / Chapter 2.2 --- Abnormal physiology --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Too much liquor: polyhydramnios --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Too little liquor: oligohydramnios --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Diseases and gender differences that may be related to parity and amniotic fluid volume --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3 --- Techniques of measuring amniotic fluid volume --- p.32 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- History --- p.32 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Current most popular technique: amniotic fluid index --- p.38 / Chapter 2.4 --- Summary of what is known and not yet known about amniotic fluid volume --- p.48 / Chapter Ch 3 --- Aims of this study --- p.49 / Chapter Ch4 --- Method --- p.50 / Chapter 4.1 --- Equipment --- p.50 / Chapter 4.2 --- Subject selection criteria --- p.50 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Criteria --- p.50 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Total number of subjects studied --- p.51 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Total number of subjects selected fulfilling all criteria --- p.51 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Subject preparation --- p.52 / Chapter 4.3 --- Technique --- p.53 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- "Standard measurement of BPD, AC, FL and EFW" --- p.53 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Standard measurement of Doppler --- p.54 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Amniotic fluid index --- p.55 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Bladder volume --- p.59 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Fetal renal pelvis --- p.61 / Chapter 4.3.6 --- Intra-observer error techniques and calculation --- p.63 / Chapter 4.4 --- Techniques used in analysis --- p.65 / Chapter Ch5 --- Results --- p.67 / Chapter 5.1 --- Fetal parameters --- p.68 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) --- p.68 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Fetal abdominal circumference (AC) --- p.69 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Fetal femur length (FL) --- p.70 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- Pulsatility index values of umbilical artery --- p.71 / Chapter 5.1.5 --- Birth weight (BW) --- p.74 / Chapter 5.1.6 --- Estimated fetal weight --- p.76 / Chapter 5.2 --- Amniotic fluid index --- p.79 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Amniotic fluid index-overall --- p.79 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Amniotic fluid index-male and female --- p.81 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- The ten segments of amniotic fluid index distribution --- p.83 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Amniotic fluid index relationship to estimated fetal weight --- p.86 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- Amniotic fluid index with gravidity and parity --- p.89 / Chapter 5.2.6 --- Amniotic fluid index with estimated fetal weight of different parity (best fit line) for both male and female --- p.93 / Chapter 5.3 --- Fetal urinary bladder volume (BV) --- p.96 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Bladder volume-overall --- p.96 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Bladder volume-male and female --- p.97 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Bladder volume with estimated fetal weight- overall --- p.100 / Chapter 5.3.4 --- Bladder volume with estimated fetal weight in both male and female --- p.101 / Chapter 5.3.5 --- Bladder volume with gravidity and parity --- p.103 / Chapter 5.3.6 --- Bladder volume with amniotic fluid index --- p.105 / Chapter 5.4 --- Anteroposterior diameter of the fetal renal pelvis --- p.106 / Chapter 5.5 --- Hydronephrosis index values --- p.107 / Chapter Ch 6 --- Discussion --- p.108 / Chapter 6.1 --- Review of the study --- p.108 / Chapter 6.2 --- Discussion on subject --- p.111 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Gestational age chosen --- p.111 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Subject preparation --- p.112 / Chapter 6.3 --- Discussion of method --- p.114 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Equipment --- p.114 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Technique --- p.117 / Chapter 6.4 --- Discussion on results --- p.128 / Chapter 6.4.1 --- Normality of population --- p.128 / Chapter 6.4.2 --- Low birth weight/ IUGR in Chinese and Caucasian --- p.129 / Chapter 6.4.3 --- Cut-off points to detect oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios --- p.132 / Chapter 6.4.4 --- Amniotic fluid index-relationship with fetal weight --- p.143 / Chapter 6.4.5 --- Amniotic fluid index-relationship to parity --- p.145 / Chapter 6.4.6 --- "Relationship between gender, estimated fetal weight and amniotic fluid index" --- p.147 / Chapter 6.4.7 --- Parity and cut-off points for oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios --- p.150 / Chapter 6.4.8 --- Relationship of amniotic fluid volume to urinary function --- p.152 / Chapter Ch 7 --- Conclusions --- p.157 / References --- p.159

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_322015
Date January 1997
ContributorsLeung, Yee Fong Vivian., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Surgical Sciences.
Source SetsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
LanguageEnglish
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeText, bibliography
Formatprint, x, 169 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.
RightsUse of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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