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Previous issue date: 2017-11-24 / As ?reas Protegidas (AP) s?o a principal estrat?gia de conserva??o da biodiversidade. Entretanto, as ?reas protegidas s?o diferentes e variam, entre outras coisas, em seu objetivo de cria??o e grau de ocupa??o humana. O Brasil possu? 12 categorias de unidades de conserva??o. Dentre elas, as ?reas de Prote??o Ambiental (APA, categoria V na classifica??o da IUCN) ? a categoria com menores restri??es ao uso. Essa categoria atrai cr?ticos que afirmam que as APAs nem deveriam ser consideradas APs, e defensores, que afirmam que as APAs pertencem a um ?novo paradigma? em APs, que busca conciliar a prote??o da biodiversidade com o desenvolvimento humano. As APAs abrangem quase um ter?o das APs brasileiras, sendo mais de 60% da ?rea total protegida de biomas como a Mata Atl?ntica, Caatinga, Cerrado e Pampa, al?m de representarem mais de 80% da ?rea protegida marinha. Nesse trabalho n?s buscamos entender os padr?es de cria??o, ocupa??o, din?mica da cobertura do solo e gest?o dessas ?reas. N?s observamos que os n?veis de antropiza??o dentro das APAs s?o proporcionalmente menores que nos biomas, principalmente quando desconsiderada a ?rea das demais UCs e Terras Ind?genas. Mesmo assim, n?s constatamos que cerca de 7 milh?es de pessoas vivem em APAs, e que em 2016, a Amaz?nia era o ?nico bioma em que a cobertura de floresta dentro das APAs era superior a 50%. De acordo com nossas estimativas, desconsiderar as ?reas antropizadas no interior das APAs, da ?rea total coberta por Unidades de Conserva??o no Brasil, faria o pa?s passar de um total de 17,6% de ?rea protegida para 12,8%. Al?m disso, encontramos que apenas 18% das APAs possuem Plano de Manejo e 45% possuem Conselho Gestor. Por fim, n?s recomendamos que seja aberta uma discuss?o sobre a cria??o de mecanismos de apoio ? gest?o especificamente para a categoria APA. / Protected Areas are the main strategy to protected biodiversity. Protected Areas are not equal and vary in their management objectives and level of human occupation. Brazil has 12 protected area's categories. Among those, "Environment Protected Area" (EPA, Category V in IUCN Classification), is the one with least restriction to human activity. This category has many critics, that argue EPAs should not be account as Protected Areas, as has defenders who argue that EPA belong to a ?New Paradigm? of Protected Areas, aimed to reconcile biodiversity conservation and human development. EPAs has special importance because it covers a third of the protected land, and more than 60% on biomes such as Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Caatinga and Pampa, and more than 80% of all marine protected areas in Brazil. Therefore, understand the implementation, land cover and management patterns is crucial for Brazilian biodiversity conservation. We find lower levels of human activity within EPAs when compared with biome and in areas without protection (protected areas and indigenous areas) within biome. Nonetheless, we found about 7 million people live inside EPA and that in 2016, Amazon biome was the only biome with more than 50% of forest land cover. We find that if we do not account for the area with anthropogenic use inside EPA, the total area covered by protected area in Brazil would go from 17,6% to 12,8%. We also found that only 18% of EPA had a "management plan" and 45% had a "management council". Lastly, we recommend starting a discussion about specific management and support mechanism to the EPA category.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/24473 |
| Date | 24 November 2017 |
| Creators | Magalh?es, Daniel Rodrigo de Mac?do |
| Contributors | 07873068862, Cestaro, Luiz Antonio, 77691113820, Queir?z, Rose Em?lia Macedo de, 03273387416, Venticinque, Eduardo Martins |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ECOLOGIA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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