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Previous issue date: 2017-02-17 / FAPERJ / Residual herbicides, in some cases, can affect subsequente crops. In these situations, The use of phytoremediation species may be an alternative in the degradation of these molecules, minimizing the carryover risks. The first step in establishing if some species can be used as a phytoremediation, is check that it has tolerance to the product, for later verify its remedial effect. Against the foregoing, The present master's thesis aimed to identify plant species capable of phytoremediation the diclosulam herbicide, elucidating the biological mechanism of phytoremediation used by plants. For this, 3 different experiments were performed. In the first experiment, conducted at the Dow Agrosciences Experiment Station, it was selected, among the species Arachis pintoi, Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria decumbens, Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan e Crotalaria juncea, those that shows tolerance to the diclosulam herbicide. In the second experiment, conducted in the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, it was evaluated the efficiency of the previously selected plant species to remediate soil contaminated with the diclosulam herbicide, using cucumber as a bioindicator plant. In the third experiment, conducted at Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA/USP), it was verified if the tolerance mechanism of the two species that presented the greatest phytoremediation potential occurs due to the phenomena of absorption and / or translocation of the herbicide by the plant. The doses of diclosulam herbicide tested in the first and second experiments were 21, 42, 63, e 84 g ha-1 + control (without presence of the herbicide); And in the third experiment, the doses that were tested was 42 g ha-1 + control (without presence of the herbicide). The species Arachis pintoi, Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan e Crotalaria juncea showed a tolerance to the diclosulam herbicide at the doses tested, and the species Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan e Crotalaria juncea were efficient in the dissipation/degradation of these molecules in the soil, it is pointed out that the last two species were those that presented the greatest remedial effect. Using the 14C radiolabeled herbicide in its moleculares structure, could be inferred through the mass balance and observation of the radioimagens of the species Crotalaria juncea e Cajanus cajan that the phytoremediative action performed by these species is, probably, through phytostimulation. In addition, there is an anatomic / metabolic barrier of diclosulam translocation in the collar of these species, which gives them tolerance to this herbicidal molecule. / Herbicidas residuais, em alguns casos, podem afetar culturas subsequentes. Nestas situa??es, o uso de esp?cies fitorremediadoras pode ser uma alternativa na degrada??o destas mol?culas, minimizando o risco de carryover. O primeiro passo para estabelecer se uma esp?cie pode ser utilizada como fitorremediadora, ? verificar se a mesma apresenta toler?ncia ao produto, para posteriormente verificar o seu efeito remediador. Diante do exposto, a presente disserta??o de mestrado teve por objetivo identificar esp?cies vegetais capazes de fitorremediar o herbicida diclosulam, elucidando o mecanismo biol?gico de fitorremedia??o empregado pelas plantas. Para isso foram realizados 3 experimentos distintos. No primeiro experimento, realizado na Esta??o Experimental da Empresa Dow Agrosciences, foi selecionado, dentre as esp?cies Arachis pintoi, Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria decumbens, Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan e Crotalaria juncea, aquelas que apresentem toler?ncia ao herbicida diclosulam. No segundo experimento, realizado na Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, avaliou-se a efici?ncia das esp?cies vegetais, previamente selecionadas, em remediar solo contaminado com o herbicida diclosulam, utilizando o pepino como planta bioindicadora. No terceiro experimento, realizado no Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA/USP), foi verificado se o mecanismo de toler?ncia das duas esp?cies que apresentaram maior potencial fitorremediador ocorre devido aos fen?menos de absor??o e/ou transloca??o do herbicida pela planta. As doses do herbicida diclosulam testadas no primeiro e segundo experimento foram 21, 42, 63, e 84 g ha-1 + controle (sem presen?a do herbicida); E no terceiro experimento foram testadas as doses 42 g ha-1 + controle (sem presen?a do herbicida). As esp?cies Arachis pintoi, Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan e Crotalaria juncea apresentaram toler?ncia ao herbicida diclosulam nas doses testadas, sendo as esp?cies Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan e Crotalaria juncea eficientes na dissipa??o/degrada??o dessas mol?culas no solo, posto que as duas ?ltimas esp?cies foram as que apresentaram maior efeito remediador. Utilizando o herbicida radiomarcado com 14C em sua estrutura molecular, p?de-se inferir atrav?s do balan?o de massa e observa??o das radioimagens das esp?cies Crotalaria juncea e Cajanus cajan que a a??o fitorremediadora exercida por essas esp?cies ?, provavelmente, atrav?s da fitoestimula??o. Ademais, existe uma barreira anat?mica/metab?lica de transloca??o do diclosulam no coleto dessas esp?cies, o que lhes confere toler?ncia ? essa mol?cula herbicida.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/2439 |
| Date | 17 February 2017 |
| Creators | SOUZA, Camila da Costa Barros de |
| Contributors | Pinho, Camila Ferreira de, Monquero, Patricia Andrea, Rubin, Rogerio da Silva, Pinho, Camila Ferreira de, Machado, Aroldo Ferreira Lopes, Pereira, Ana Carolina Callegario, H?ther, Cristina Moll |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Engenharia Agr?cola e Ambiental, UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Tecnologia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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