Self-care is an essential component of secondary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) for rural women who have undergone invasive coronary interventions (ICI). The purpose of this study was to describe self-care behavior experiences of rural women with CAD post-invasive coronary interventions defined as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI -- balloon angioplasty with or without stent placement), and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Three specific aims were addressed: Specific Aim 1. To identify and describe self-care behaviors initiated by these women after the intervention. Specific Aim 2. To identify and describe barriers to and facilitators of self-care behavior change. Specific Aim 3. To compare and contrast self-care behaviors in subgroups of rural women based on type of procedure and age.
Orem's self-care deficit nursing theory (SCDNT), rural health theory, and the social determinants of health framework were synthesized to guide this study. A qualitative descriptive design was used to elicit descriptions of self-care behavior experiences, barriers to and facilitators of 10 rural Arizona women with CAD post-ICI who lived in Cochise and Pinal counties. Purposeful sampling was used. Rural women were recruited at the cardiology clinics by the primary investigator, who distributed recruitment flyers among them. Data were collected using semi-structured, voice-recorded interviews, which lasted an average of 25 minutes. Atlas.ti Mac Version 1.5.2 (462) software was used for data analysis.
Specific Aim 1: Self-care for this study was defined as the ability of rural women to independently and purposefully initiate and adopt the following behaviors to promote and maintain cardiovascular health: cease smoking; adhere to heart healthy diet; incorporate physical activity in their daily routines; monitor their blood pressure and blood glucose levels regularly; adhere to medical regimens; and follow up with their doctors as required or access health care in a timely manner if symptoms recur. Although participants in this study talked about these self-care behaviors, adhering to a heart healthy diet and physical activity were their main self-care behaviors. Participants did not mentioning performing self-care behaviors for their heart health, but for their overall health and happiness. They ate healthy, low-fat, low-salt diets. They walked and performed housework as their most common physical activities. Specific Aim 2: Barriers for participants in this study were residential environment, health and physical ailments, family conditions, and personal characteristics. Facilitators were relationships, available resources, and personal outcomes. Specific Aim 3: Participants who had PCI rested for few days before resuming their physical activities, whereas those who had CABG were restricted for a period of six weeks to three months. Most participants were above the age of 70 years and reported they returned home after their procedures and did what they have done to move on with their lives. The only participant who was below 60 years reported a life changing experience when she returned home after her procedure.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:arizona.edu/oai:arizona.openrepository.com:10150/625458 |
| Date | January 2017 |
| Creators | Choshi, Mosima G., Choshi, Mosima G. |
| Contributors | Rosenfeld, Anne G., Rosenfeld, Anne G., Reel, Sally J., Koithan, Mary S. |
| Publisher | The University of Arizona. |
| Source Sets | University of Arizona |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text, Electronic Dissertation |
| Rights | Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. |
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