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Previous issue date: 2010-02-10 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / One of the big challenges that surround the debate on school inclusion process are inherent aspects that lead this issue in different social spheres, among them the individual sphere of the student to be included. Based on the Theory of Subjectivity from Gonzalez Rey, this research aims to emphasize the subjective aspects involved in the configuration of students with special needs and their teachers in the process of educational inclusion in order to place them in a new area of social dialogue as active individuals and responsible for their own constructions and meanings. To do so, the general objective is to understand the relations of subjectivity of students with special needs and their teachers in the process of school inclusion, and uncover the core of meanings and the school dynamics which support these relationships. The case study participants were three teachers, one of Kindergarten and two from Elementary School, a student with global development disorder, a student with physical disabilities and two students with behavioral needs of a private school in the ABCD Region in the city of S?o Paulo. Methodological procedures were supported by a qualitative research epistemology, which have the avail of methodology resources that included observation, conversational approach, further interviews, which were carried in by the researcher in the daily routine of the school teachers and students during one academic year, that was structured in nine months of research. Data were analyzed from the indicators that considered the core of meanings as well as the subjective senses of each participant individually. Later, it could be listed points of convergence of the indicators of the participants separated, subjectivity core of teachers and subjectivity core of students. The teachers spaces of subjectivity could be organized by the following principles: 1) needs / impossibility of different educational activities, 2) consideration / disregard of development complexity and 3) reduced chances for identification / and sense of belonging. Then the part that includes the experience of students: 1) construction of knowledge x bureaucratization of education, 2) stereotype of the perfect student X failure feeling, 3) excessive value for the self x consideration of otherness. To understand the relation of interdependence between these environment experienced and outlined by teachers and students in their school routines, allowed the conclusion that to rethink the transformation of the social reality of students with special needs and their teachers in the process of school inclusion, and their effective inclusion in terms of psychological and social point of view, so that they structure senses tied up to their self-representation, keeping their differences and otherness, with the assurance of satisfactory social exchanges that place the interactional sphere in their relationships, it is urgent to incorporate the establishment in teaching procedures, in dynamics and dialogical processes to allow the individuals to take a firm stand, to disagree, to agree, to submit to, to subvert it, to think, according to their real possibilities of development in individual and social spheres. / Um dos grandes desafios que cercam o debate do processo de inclus?o escolar s?o os aspectos intr?nsecos que direcionam essa quest?o nas diferentes esferas sociais, dentre eles, a esfera individual do aluno inclu?do. Subsidiada pela Teoria da Subjetividade de Gonzalez Rey, esta pesquisa busca enfatizar os aspectos subjetivos envolvidos na configura??o de alunos com necessidades especiais e seus professores no processo de inclus?o escolar, a fim de aloc?-los a um novo espa?o de interlocu??o social, como sujeitos ativos e construtivos de suas pr?prias constru??es e significa??es. Para tanto, lan?a como objetivo geral compreender as rela??es de subjetiva??o de alunos com necessidades especiais e seus professores no processo de inclus?o escolar, e como as din?micas escolares se constituem como media??o dessas rela??es. Foram participantes do estudo tr?s professoras, sendo uma do Ensino Infantil e duas do Ensino Fundamental, um aluno com transtorno global do desenvolvimento, uma aluna com defici?ncia f?sica e duas alunas com necessidades comportamentais, de uma escola particular da regi?o do ABCD/SP. Os procedimentos metodol?gicos amparados por uma epistemologia qualitativa de pesquisa, contou com recursos metodol?gicos que inclu?ram observa??es, sistemas conversacionais, entrevistas de aprofundamento, que foram realizadas no acompanhamento di?rio da pesquisadora da rotina escolar dos professores e alunos, durante o per?odo letivo de um ano, que se estruturou em nove meses de pesquisa. As informa??es foram analisadas a partir dos indicadores que contemplavam os n?cleos de significa??o, assim como os sentidos subjetivos de cada participante isoladamente. Posteriormente, puderam ser elencados n?cleos de converg?ncia dos indicadores dos participantes divididos, n?cleos de subjetiva??o de professores e n?cleos de subjetiva??o de alunos. Os espa?os de subjetiva??o dos professores puderam ser organizados pelos seguintes eixos: 1) necessidade / impossibilidade de atividades pedag?gicas diferenciadas; 2) considera??o / desconsidera??o da complexidade do desenvolvimento e, 3) possibilidades reduzidas de identifica??o / perten?a. J? os n?cleos que contemplam a viv?ncia dos alunos; 1) constru??o do conhecimento x burocratiza??o do ensino; 2) estere?tipo do aluno perfeito x sofrimento pelo fracasso; 3) valoriza??o excessiva do eu x considera??o da alteridade. Compreender a rela??o de interdepend?ncia entre esses espa?os vividos e configurados por professores e alunos em suas rotinas escolares, possibilitou a conclus?o de que para repensarmos a transforma??o das realidades sociais dos alunos com necessidades especiais e seus professores no processo de inclus?o escolar, e sua inclus?o efetiva do ponto de vista psicol?gico e social, a fim de que configurem sentidos atrelados a sua autorepresenta??o, com resguardo as suas diferen?as e alteridades, com a garantia de interc?mbios sociais satisfat?rios que os aloquem a esfera interacional em suas rela??es, ? urgente incorporarmos a instaura??o nos procedimentos pedag?gicos, din?micas e processos dial?gicos que possibilitem aos sujeitos posicionarem-se, discordarem, concordarem, submeterem-se, subverterem-se, refletirem, dentro de suas reais possibilidades de desenvolvimento nas esferas individuais e sociais.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:tede/423 |
| Date | 10 February 2010 |
| Creators | Gomes, Claudia |
| Contributors | Souza, Vera L?cia Trevisan de, Scoz, Beatriz Judith Lima, Souza, Marilene Proen?a Rebello de, Bernardo, M?rcia Hespanhol, Guzzo, Raquel Souza Lobo |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Psicologia, PUC-Campinas, BR, CCV ? Centro de Ci?ncias da Vida |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_CAMPINAS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, instacron:PUC_CAMP |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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