by Ko Samuel. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 209-227). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abbreviations --- p.ii / Abstract --- p.vii / Abstract in Chinese --- p.x / List of Figures --- p.xiii / List of Tables --- p.xx / Publication --- p.xxi / Contents --- p.xxii / Chapter Chapter 1. --- General Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Tumor Necrosis Factor --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- History of Tumor Necrosis Factor --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- TNF Subtypes and Their Purification --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Release of TNF --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Biological Actions of TNF --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2 --- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Purification of TNF Receptor --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Regulation of TNF Receptor --- p.14 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- "Functions of TNF Receptor 1,Receptor 2 and Soluble TNF Receptors" --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3 --- Possible Signal Transductions of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Activation of Phospholipase A2 Cascade --- p.18 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Activation of Phospho lipase C Pathway --- p.19 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Activation of Sphingomyelin Pathway --- p.20 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Activation of Protein Kinase --- p.22 / Chapter 1.3.5 --- Activation of the Cascade of Death Domain --- p.23 / Chapter 1.4 --- Induction of Both Necrosis and Apoptosis by Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha --- p.25 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Apoptosis Versus Necrosis --- p.25 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- TNF Can Induce Both Apoptosis and Necrosis --- p.27 / Chapter 1.5 --- Possible Mechanisms of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha- Mediated Cytotoxicity --- p.27 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Release of Reactive Oxygen Species --- p.28 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Release of Intracellular Calcium --- p.31 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Miscellaneous Mechanisms --- p.36 / Chapter 1.6 --- Objective of Studies --- p.37 / Chapter Chapter 2. --- Materials and Methods --- p.39 / Chapter 2.1 --- Materials --- p.40 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Buffer --- p.40 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Culture Media --- p.45 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Chemicals --- p.46 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Culture of Cells --- p.49 / Chapter 2.1.4.1 --- "Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha-Sensitive Cell Line, L929" --- p.49 / Chapter 2.1.4.2 --- "Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha-Resistant Cell Line, rL929, rL929-l IE and rL929-4F" --- p.50 / Chapter 2.2 --- Methods --- p.50 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Agarose Gel Electrophoresis --- p.50 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Cytotoxicity Assay --- p.52 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy --- p.53 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Flow Cytometry --- p.57 / Chapter Chapter 3. --- Results --- p.65 / Chapter 3.1 --- Induction of Apoptosis in Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha- Treated L929 Cell --- p.66 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Introduction --- p.66 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- TNF Induced DNA Fragmentation in L929 Cells --- p.67 / Chapter 3.2 --- Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha on Cell Cycle --- p.73 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Introduction --- p.73 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Effect of TNF on Cell Cycle --- p.75 / Chapter 3.3 --- Release of Reactive Oxygen Species in Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Treatment --- p.79 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Introduction --- p.79 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Release of Reactive Oxygen Species in TNF- Treated L929 Cells is Time Dependent --- p.81 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Effect of Antioxidants on TNF-Mediated Cytotoxicity --- p.93 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Effect of Mitochondrial Inhibitors on TNF-Mediated Cytotoxicity --- p.96 / Chapter 3.4 --- The Role of Calcium in Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Treatment --- p.112 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Introduction --- p.112 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Release of Intracellular Calcium in TNF-Treated L929 Cells --- p.113 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Effect of Calcium-Inducing Agents on TNF-Treated L929Cells --- p.127 / Chapter 3.5 --- Relationship between Reactive Oxygen Species and Calcium in Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha-Mediated Cytotoxicity --- p.133 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Introduction --- p.133 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Effect of Intracellular Calcium Chelator on TNF- Mediated ROS Release and Cytotoxicity --- p.133 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Effect of Mitochondrial Calcium on TNF-Mediated ROS Release and Cytotoxicity --- p.147 / Chapter 3.6 --- Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha on pH --- p.162 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Introduction --- p.162 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Effect of TNF on pH --- p.162 / Chapter 3.7 --- Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha on Mitochondrial Membrane Potential --- p.165 / Chapter 3.7.1 --- Introduction --- p.165 / Chapter 3.7.2 --- Effect of TNF and Some Drugs on Mitochondrial Membrane Potential --- p.165 / Chapter 3.8 --- "Comparison of Effects of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha on Susceptible Cell Line, L929 and Resistant Cell Line, rL929, rL929-11E and rL929-4F" --- p.169 / Chapter 3.8.1 --- Introduction --- p.169 / Chapter 3.8.2 --- Effect of TNF on the Cytotoxicity of Resistant Cell Lines --- p.170 / Chapter 3.8.3 --- Effect of TNF on the Release of ROS in Resistant Cell Lines --- p.170 / Chapter 3.8.4 --- Effect of TNF on the Release of Calcium in Resistant Cell Lines --- p.178 / Chapter 3.8.5 --- Effect of TNF on Cell Cycle in Resistant Cell Lines --- p.185 / Chapter Chapter 4. --- General Discussion --- p.187 / Chapter 4.1 --- Tumor Necrosis Factor Induced Apoptosis in L929 Cells --- p.188 / Chapter 4.2 --- Tumor Necrosis Factor Increased the Release of Reactive Oxygen Species in L929 Cells --- p.189 / Chapter 4.3 --- Tumor Necrosis Factor Increased the Release of Calcium in L929 Cells --- p.194 / Chapter 4.4 --- Calcium Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Release in TNF- Treated L929 Cells --- p.197 / Chapter 4.5 --- Tumor Necrosis Factor Did Not Change the pH and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in TNF-Treated L929 Cells --- p.198 / Chapter 4.6 --- Tumor Necrosis Factor Did Not Increase the Release of Reactive Oxygen Species or Calcium in Resistant Cell Lines --- p.201 / Chapter Chapter 5. --- Future Perspective --- p.204 / Chapter 5.1 --- The Relationship Between Tumor Necrosis Factor and Cytochrome c --- p.205 / Chapter 5.2 --- The Relationship Between Tumor Necrosis Factor and Mitochondrial DNA Damage --- p.206 / Chapter 5.3 --- Clinical studies with Tumor Necrosis Factor --- p.206 / References --- p.208
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_322291 |
| Date | January 1998 |
| Contributors | Ko, Samuel., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Biochemistry. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English, Chinese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xxvii, 227 leaves : ill. (some col., some mounted) ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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