In Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (AD(H)D), treatments using methylphenidate (MPH) and behavioralinterventions like neurofeedback (NF) reflect major therapeutic options. These treatments also ameliorate ex-ecutive dysfunctions in AD(H)D. However, the mechanisms underlying effects of MPH and NF on executivefunctions in AD(H)D (e.g. the ability to inhibit prepotent responses) are far from understood. It is particularlyunclear whether these interventions affect similar or dissociable neural mechanisms and associated functionalneuroanatomical structures. This, however, is important when aiming to further improve these treatments. Wecompared the neurophysiological mechanisms of MPH and theta/beta NF treatments on inhibitory control on the basis of EEG recordings and source localization analyses. The data show that MPH and theta/beta NF bothincrease the ability to inhibit pre-potent responses to a similar extent. However, the data suggest that MPH andNF target different neurophysiological mechanisms, especially when it comes to functional neuroanatomicalstructures associated with these effects. Both treatments seem to affect neurophysiological correlates of a‘braking function’ in medial frontal areas. However, in case of the NF intervention, inferior parietal areas are alsoinvolved. This likely reflects the updating and stabilisation of efficient internal representations in order to in-itiate appropriate actions. No effects were seen in correlates of perceptual and attentional selection processes.Notably, reliable effects were only obtained after accounting for intra-individual variability in the neurophy-siological data, which may also explain the diversity of findings in studies on treatment effects in AD(H)D,especially concerning neurofeedback.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:DRESDEN/oai:qucosa:de:qucosa:32581 |
| Date | 28 December 2018 |
| Creators | Bluschke, Annet, Friedrich, Julia, Schreiter, Marie Luise, Roessner, Veit, Beste, Christian |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Source Sets | Hochschulschriftenserver (HSSS) der SLUB Dresden |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, doc-type:article, info:eu-repo/semantics/article, doc-type:Text |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.10.027, 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.10.027 |
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