Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-01-26T11:36:13Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
2016 - D?bora Barbosa Amarante.pdf: 1603287 bytes, checksum: 8c473e3225022499b4e4dc93119df63f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-26T11:36:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
2016 - D?bora Barbosa Amarante.pdf: 1603287 bytes, checksum: 8c473e3225022499b4e4dc93119df63f (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The 17?-estradiol (E2) regulate many cardiac genes via its estrogen receptor (ER). The propagation of electrical activity in the myocardium depends on the current transfer at gap junctions. Connexins 40 (Cx40) and 43 are the predominant junctional proteins. In mice, Cx40 is restricted to the atrium and conduction system. Alterations of Cx40 expression or activity are associated with atrial fibrillation. Here we evaluate the effect of the E2 onCx40 mRNA expression, in vitro, and in vivo the effect on atrium expression of Cx40 mRNA in correlation to ECG studies. We treated A7r5 cells (smooth muscle cells from rat thoracic aorta) with low and high doses ofestradiol benzoate, EB, (10-8 M and 10-6M) for 24h and rat neonatal cardiomyocytes with EB 10-6 M for 2, 4 and8 hours. A7r5 cells were trasiently transfected with 0.5 microgramas of the test plasmid (-1190/+121Cx40Luc pGL3) and treated with 10-6M of EB for 24 hours. Female mice were subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) and then, treated with a low (2?g) and a high dose (20?g) of estradiol benzoate (EB; OVX+EB2 and OVX+EB20) for 15 days. ECG recordings were obtained from mice and atrium Cx40 mRNA expression were evaluated by RT-PCR real time. First, we observed that high doses of EB down regulated Cx40 mRNA in vitro (A7r5 cells and rat atrial cardiomyocytes). The transcriptional activity of Cx40 promoter was inhibited by 10-6M of EB in A7r5 cells. We observed lower heart rate for OVX animals when to compared to control animals, FO. In this regard, no difference was observed between OVX+EB2 and OVX+BE20 heart rate. The OVX group showed decrease P wave duration when to compared to FO group, but no difference in the P wave duration was observed among the others groups. No difference was observed in another ECG intervals among the experimental groups. The atrial Cx40mRNA level was reduced in OVX+BE20group when to compared to FO group. Our data indicate, for the first time, high doses of estradiol benzoate reduce Cx40 mRNA in vitro and ovariectomized mice. We proposed that when E2 levels are high, the complex ER-E2 acts directly from the DNA, inhibiting the transcriptional activity of Cx40 promoter / O 17?-estradiol (E2), regula muitos genes card?acos atrav?s de seu receptor (receptor para estr?geno, RE). A propaga??o da atividade el?trica no mioc?rdio depende da transfer?ncia de corrente atrav?s das jun??es comunicantes. As conexinas 40 (Cx40) e 43 s?o as principais conexinas que formam as jun??es expressas no cora??o. Em camundongos, a Cx40 ? restrita ao ?trio e sistema de condu??o. Altera??es na express?o ou atividade da Cx40 est?o associadas a fibrila??o atrial. Aqui n?s avaliamos o efeito do E2 in vitro e in vivo sobre a express?o do RNAm da Cx40 nos ?trios e correlacionamos aos estudos eletrocardiogr?ficos (ECG). N?s tratamos a linhagem A7r5 (derivada de m?sculo liso a?rtico de rato embrion?rio) com alta e baixa concentra??es de benzoato de estradiol, BE, (10-6 M e 10-8 M) durante 24 horas e cultura prim?ria de cardiomi?citos atriais de ratos neonatos foram incubados com BE 10-6 M durante 2, 4 e 8 horas. Ensaios de transfec??o transiente foram realizados na linhagem A7r5 com um plasm?deo contendo um segmento da regi?o promotora da Cx40 (-1190/+121Cx40LucpGL3) e tratadas com 10-6 M de BE durante 24 horas. Camundongos f?meas foram ovariectomizadas (OVX) e ent?o tratadas com baixa (2 microgramas) e alta (20 microgramas) doses de benzoato de estradiol (OVX+BE2 e OVX+BE20) durante 15 dias, sendo que o grupo controle sofreu apenas estresse cir?rgico (FO). Foram realizados registros ECG e a express?o atrial do RNAm da Cx40 foi avaliada por RT-PCR em tempo real. N?s observamos que altas doses de BE diminui a express?o do RNAm da Cx40 in vitro (na linhagem A7r5 e na cultura de cardiomi?citos). A atividade transcricional do promotor foi inibida por BE10-6 M. N?s observamos diminui??o da frequ?ncia card?aca dos animais do grupo OVX em rela??o ao controle, grupo FO. Nenhuma diferen?a foi observada na frequ?ncia card?aca entre os grupos OVX+BE2 e OVX+BE20. Os animais do grupo OVX apresentaram diminui??o na dura??o da onda P em rela??o ao grupo FO, no entanto nenhuma diferen?a foi observada na dura??o da onda P entre os outros grupos. Nenhuma diferen?a foi observada nos outros intervalos eletrocardiogr?ficos entre os grupos experimentais. A express?o atrial do RNAm da Cx40 estava reduzida nos animais do grupo OVX+BE20 em rela??o ao grupo FO. Nossos dados demonstram que altas doses de benzoato de estradiol reduzem a express?o do RNAm da Cx40 in vitro e em camundongos ovariectomizados. N?s propomos que altas doses de E2 ativa o seu receptor, e o complexo RE-E2 age diretamente no DNA, inibindo a atividade transcricional do promotor da Cx40
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/1394 |
| Date | 26 February 2016 |
| Creators | Amarante, D?bora Barbosa |
| Contributors | Almeida, Norma Aparecida dos Santos, Fortes, Fabio da Silva de Azevedo, Oliveira, Elaine de |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Fisiol?gicas, UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 7. REFER?NCIAS BIBLIOGR?FICAS ACCONCIA, FILIPPO; MARINO, MARIA. The effects of 17?-estradiol in cancer are mediated by estrogen receptor signaling at the plasma membrane. Frontiers in PHYSIOLOGY, v. 2, 2011. ADAMS MR; CLARKSON TB; KAPLAN JR; KORITNIK DR: Ovarian secretions and artheriosclerosis. In: JN Gutmann, AH DeCherney, PM, (Eds). Ovarian secretions and cardiovascular and neurological function. Raven Press, New York, 1990. AGABITI-ROSEI, ENRICO; MUIESAN, MARIA LORENZA. Left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure in women. Journal of hypertension. Supplement: official journal of the International Society of Hypertension, v. 20, n. 2, p. S34-8, 2002. AIRES, M. M. Fisiologia. 3.ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2008 ALMEIDA, NORMA AS et al. Connexin40 messenger ribonucleic acid is positively regulated by thyroid hormone (TH) acting in cardiac atria via the TH receptor. Endocrinology, v. 150, n. 1, p. 546-554, 2009. ALVES, CR?SIO et al. Exposi??o ambiental a interferentes end?crinos com atividade estrog?nica e sua associa??o com dist?rbios puberais em crian?as. Cad Sa?de P?blica, v. 23, n. 5, p. 1005-14, 2007. BAILEY, MICHAEL S.; CURTIS, ANNE B. The effects of hormones on arrhythmias in women. Current women's health reports, v. 2, n. 2, p. 83-88, 2002. BARRETT-CONNOR, ELIZABETH; BUSH, TRUDY L. Estrogen and coronary heart disease in women. Jama, v. 265, n. 14, p. 1861-1867, 1991. BEER, STEPHANIE et al. High-dose 17??estradiol treatment prevents development of heart failure post?myocardial infarction in the rat. Basic research in cardiology, v. 102, n. 1, p. 9-18, 2007. BIERHUIZEN MFA, VAN AMERSFOORTH SCM, GROENEWEGEN A, VLIEX S & JONGSMA HJ. Characterization of the rat connexin40 promoter: two Sp1/Sp3 binding sites contribute to transcriptional activation. Cardiovascular Research 46: 511-522, 2000. BLOM, MAARTEN J. et al. Metabolism of estradiol, ethynylestradiol, and moxestrol in rat uterus, vagina, and aorta: influence of sex steroid treatment. Drug metabolism and disposition, v. 29, n. 1, p. 76-81, 2001. BROCKBANK CL, et al. Heart rate and its variability change after the menopause. Exp Physiol, v.85, p. 327-330, 2000. BRUNEAU BG, NEMER G, SCHMITT JP, CHARRON F, ROBITAILLE L, CARON S, CONNER DA, GESSLER M, NEMER M, SEIDMAN CE & SEIDMAN JG. A murine model of holtoram syndrome defines roles of the T-box transcription factor Tbx5 in cardiogenesis and disease. Cell 106: 709-721, 2001. 39 BUTTRICK, P. & SCHEUER, J. Sex-associated differences in left ventricular function in aortic stenosis of the elderly. Circulation .v.86, p.1336-1338,1992. CAIRR?O, ELISA et al. Non-genomic vasorelaxant effects of 17?-estradiol and progesterone in rat aorta are mediated by L-type Ca2+ current inhibition. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, v. 33, n. 5, p. 615-624, 2012. CAPASSO, J. M. et al. Sex differences in myocardial contractility in the rat. Basic research in cardiology, v. 78, n. 2, p. 156-171, 1983. CHALDOUPI, SEVASTI-MARIA et al. Reduced connexin40 protein expression in the right atrial appendage of patients bearing the minor connexin40 allele (? 44 G? A). EP Europace, v. 14, n. 8, p. 1199-1205, 2012. CHEN, CHIEN-CHANG; LIN, CHIH-CHAN; LEE, TSUNG-MING. 17?-estradiol decreases vulnerability to ventricular arrhythmias by preserving Connexin43 protein in infarcted rats. European journal of pharmacology, v. 629, n. 1, p. 73-81, 2010. CHEN, HSIAO-HUEI et al. Transcription enhancer factor-1-related factor-transgenic mice develop cardiac conduction defects associated with altered connexin phosphorylation. Circulation, v. 110, n. 19, p. 2980-2987, 2004. CHESKIS, BORIS J. et al. Signaling by estrogens. Journal of cellular physiology, v. 213, n. 3, p. 610-617, 2007. CORDEIRO, ALINE et al. Thyroid hormone regulation of Sirtuin 1 expression and implications to integrated responses in fasted mice. Journal of Endocrinology, v. 216, n. 2, p. 181-193, 2013. COSTA, P. C. S. et al. Sera from chronic chagasic patients depress cardiac electrogenesis and conduction. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, v. 33, n. 4, p. 439-446, 2000. DAY, C.; HAWKINS, M. O estrog?nio atrav?s do ciclo da vida.Fun??o e disfun??o end?crinas. Women?s Network on Health and the Environment/Rede de Mulheres?Sa?de e Ambiente.Ed.14-suplemento.2?semestre.1999. DEROO, BONNIE J.; KORACH, KENNETH S. Estrogen receptors and human disease. The Journal of clinical investigation, v. 116, n. 3, p. 561, 2006. DHEIN, S. et al. A new role for extracellular Ca2+ in gap-junction remodeling: studies in humans and rats. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, v. 377, n. 2, p. 125-138, 2008. DHILLON, PARAMDEEP S. et al. The relationship between connexin expression and gap junction resistivity in human atrial myocardium.Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, p. CIRCEP. 113.000606, 2014. 40 DONALDSON, CAMERON et al. Estrogen attenuates left ventricular and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by an estrogen receptor?dependent pathway that increases calcineurin degradation. Circulation research, v. 104, n. 2, p. 265-275, 2009. DONOGHUE, MARY et al. Heart block, ventricular tachycardia, and sudden death in ACE2 transgenic mice with downregulated connexins. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, v. 35, n. 9, p. 1043-1053, 2003. DORNSTAUDER, E. et al. Estrogenic activity of two standardized red clover extracts (Menoflavon?) intended for large scale use in hormone replacement therapy. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, v. 78, n. 1, p. 67-75, 2001. DUPONT E, MATSUSHITA T, KABA R, VOZZI C, COPPEN SR, KHAN N, KAPRIELIAN R, YACOUB MH, SEVERS NJ. Altered connexin expression in human congestive heart failure. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 33:359-371, 2001. ECKARDT, D. et al. Functional role of connexin43 gap junction channels in adult mouse heart assessed by inducible gene deletion. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, v. 36, n. 1, p. 101-110, 2004. ELVAN, ARIF et al. Radiofrequency catheter ablation of the atria eliminates pacing-induced sustained atrial fibrillation and reduces connexin 43 in dogs.Circulation, v. 96, n. 5, p. 1675-1685, 1997. FAUSTINO, LARISSA C. et al. Thyroid hormone and estradiol have overlapping effects on kidney glutathione S-transferase-? gene expression. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, v. 303, n. 6, p. E787-E797, 2012. FISHER, JONATHAN S.; KOHRT, WENDY M.; BROWN, MARYBETH. Food restriction suppresses muscle growth and augments osteopenia in ovariectomized rats. Journal of Applied Physiology, v. 88, n. 1, p. 265-271, 2000. GARCIA-SEGURA, LUIS MIGUEL et al. Role of astroglia in estrogen regulation of synaptic plasticity and brain repair. Journal of neurobiology, v. 40, n. 4, p. 574-584, 1999. GEMEL, JOANNA et al. Connexin40 abnormalities and atrial fibrillation in the human heart. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, v. 76, p. 159-168, 2014. GOLLOB, MICHAEL H. et al. Somatic mutations in the connexin 40 gene (GJA5) in atrial fibrillation. New England Journal of Medicine, v. 354, n. 25, p. 2677-2688, 2006. GOURDIE, R. G.; GREEN, C. R.; SEVERS, N. J. Gap junction distribution in adult mammalian myocardium revealed by an anti-peptide antibody and laser scanning confocal microscopy. J Cell Sci, v. 99, n. Pt 1, p. 41-55, 1991. GROH?, CHRISTIAN et al. Cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts contain functional estrogen receptors. FEBS letters, v. 416, n. 1, p. 107-112, 1997. 41 GROS, DANIEL et al. Restricted distribution of connexin40, a gap junctional protein, in mammalian heart. Circulation Research, v. 74, n. 5, p. 839-851, 1994. GRUBER, CHRISTIAN J. et al. Production and actions of estrogens. New England Journal of Medicine, v. 346, n. 5, p. 340-352, 2002. GUTSTEIN, DAVID E. et al. Conduction slowing and sudden arrhythmic death in mice with cardiac-restricted inactivation of connexin43. Circulation research, v. 88, n. 3, p. 333-339, 2001. GUYARD, B. et al. Effects of ovarian steroids on energy balance in rats fed a highly palatable diet. Metabolism, v. 40, n. 5, p. 529-533, 1991. HERV? JC, BOURMEYSTER N & SARROUILHE D. Diversity in protein-protein interactions of connexins: emerging roles. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1662: 22-41, 2004. HERYNK, MATTHEW H.; FUQUA, Suzanne AW. Estrogen receptor mutations in human disease. Endocrine reviews, v. 25, n. 6, p. 869-898, 2004. HONG, MUN K. et al. Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on serum lipid values and angiographically defined coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women. The American journal of cardiology, v. 69, n. 3, p. 176-178, 1992. JIANG, CANWEN et al. Endothelium independent relaxation of rabbit coronary artery by 17? oestradiol in vitro. British journal of pharmacology, v. 104, n. 4, p. 1033-1037, 1991. KASAHARA H, WAKIMOTO H, LIU M, MAGUIRE CT, CONVERSO KL, SHIOI T, HUANG W-Y, MANNING WJ, PAUL D, LAWITTS J, BERUL CI & IZUMO S. Progressive atrioventricular conduction defects and heart failure in mice expressing a mutant Csx/Nkx2.5 homeoprotein. The Journal of Clinical Investigation 108: 189-201, 2001. KATZUNG, B.G., Farmacologia b?sica e cl?nica. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 1998. KATZENELLENBOGEN, BENITA S. Mechanisms of action and cross-talk between estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor pathways. Journal of the society for gynecologic investigation, v. 7, n. 1 suppl, p. S33-S37, 2000. KIRCHHOFF S, NELLES E, HAGENDORFF A, KR?GER O, TRAUB O & WILLECKE K. Reduced cardiac conduction velocity and predisposition to arrhythmias in connexin40-deficient mice. Current Biology 8: 299-302, 1998. KLAASSEN, C. D. Casarett and Doull?s Toxicology: The basic Science of Poisons. Estados Unidos da Am?rica: McGraw-Hill Companies, 2001. KOEHLER, KONRAD F. et al. Reflections on the discovery and significance of estrogen receptor ?. Endocrine Reviews, v. 26, n. 3, p. 465-478, 2005. 42 KONHILAS, JOHN P.; LEINWAND, LESLIE A. The effects of biological sex and diet on the development of heart failure. Circulation, v. 116, n. 23, p. 2747-2759, 2007. KOSTIN, SAWA; SCHAPER, JUTTA. Tissue-specific patterns of gap junctions in adult rat atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes in vivo and in vitro. Circulation research, v. 88, n. 9, p. 933-939, 2001. KOSTIN, SAWA et al. Structural correlate of atrial fibrillation in human patients. Cardiovascular research, v. 54, n. 2, p. 361-379, 2002. KOV?CS, K?LM?N A. et al. Comparative analysis of cyclin D1 and oestrogen receptor (? and ?) levels in human leiomyoma and adjacent myometrium. Molecular human reproduction, v. 7, n. 11, p. 1085-1091, 2001. KUIPER, G. G. et al. Cloning of a novel receptor expressed in rat prostate and ovary. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 93, n. 12, p. 5925-5930, 1996. KUIPER, GEORGE GJM et al. Comparison of the ligand binding specificity and transcript tissue distribution of estrogen receptors ? and ?. Endocrinology, v. 138, n. 3, p. 863-870, 1997. KUMAR, NALIN M.; GILULA, NORTON B. The gap junction communication channel. Cell, v. 84, n. 3, p. 381-388, 1996. KRUGER, O. et al. Defective vascular development in connexin 45-deficient mice. Development-Cambridge-, v. 127, n. 19, p. 4179-4193, 2000. LANTIN-HERMOSO, REGINA L. et al. Estrogen acutely stimulates nitric oxide synthase activity in fetal pulmonary artery endothelium. American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, v. 273, n. 1, p. L119-L126, 1997. LARSEN, Jennifer A.; KADISH, Alan H. Effects of gender on cardiac arrhythmias. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology, v. 9, n. 6, p. 655-664, 1998. LEE, TSUNG-MING et al. Cardioprotective effects of 17?-estradiol produced by activation of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channels in canine hearts.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, v. 32, n. 7, p. 1147-1158, 2000. LIN, XIANMING et al. Connexin40 and connexin43 determine gating properties of atrial gap junction channels. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, v. 48, n. 1, p. 238-245, 2010. LINHARES VLF, ALMEIDA NAS, MENEZES DC, ELLIOTT DA, LAI D, BEYER EC, CAMPOS DE CRAVALHO AC & COSTA MW. Transcriptional regulation of the murine Conneixn40 promoter by cardiac factor Nkx2.5, GATA4 and Tbx5. Cardiovascular Research 64: 402-411, 2004. LIU, HAN; PEDRAM, ALI; KIM, JIN KYUNG. Oestrogen prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis by suppressing p38?-mediated activation of p53 and by down-regulating p53 inhibition on p38?. Cardiovascular research, v. 89, n. 1, p. 119-128, 2011. 43 MAHMOODZADEH, SHOKOUFEH et al. 17?-Estradiol inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-2 transcription via MAP kinase in fibroblasts. Cardiovascular research, p. cvp350, 2009., MATTHEWS, JASON; GUSTAFSSON, JAN-?KE. Estrogen signaling: a subtle balance between ER? and ER?. Molecular interventions, v. 3, n. 5, p. 281, 2003. MEINHARDT, U. e MULLIS, P. E., 2002. The aromatase cytochrome P-450 and its clinical impact. Hormone Research .v. 57, p.145-152, 2002. MERCURO, GIUSEPPE et al. Evidence of a role of endogenous estrogen in the modulation of autonomic nervous system. The American journal of cardiology, v. 85, n. 6, p. 787-789, 2000. MEYER, R. et al. Rapid modulation of L-type calcium current by acutely applied oestrogens in isolated cardiac myocytes from human, guinea-pig and rat. Experimental Physiology, v. 83, n. 03, p. 305-321, 1998. MIGLIACCIO, SILVIA et al. Estrogens modulate the responsiveness of osteoblast-like cells (ROS 17/2.8) stably transfected with estrogen receptor.Endocrinology, v. 130, n. 5, p. 2617-2624, 1992. MIYA, YOSHINORI et al. Effects of hormone replacement therapy on left ventricular hypertrophy and growth-promoting factors in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Hypertension Research, v. 25, n. 2, p. 153-159, 2002. MODENA, MARIA GRAZIA et al. Effects of transdermal 17?-estradiol on left ventricular anatomy and performance in hypertensive women. Hypertension, v. 34, n. 5, p. 1041-1046, 1999. MOORE, John T. et al. Cloning and characterization of human estrogen receptor ? isoforms. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, v. 247, n. 1, p. 75-78, 1998. MORKUNIENE, RAMUNE; JEKABSONE, AISTE; BORUTAITE, VILMANTE. Estrogens prevent calcium-induced release of cytochrome c from heart mitochondria. FEBS letters, v. 521, n. 1, p. 53-56, 2002. MOSSELMAN, SIETSE; POLMAN, JAN; DIJKEMA, REIN. ER?: identification and characterization of a novel human estrogen receptor. FEBS letters, v. 392, n. 1, p. 49-53, 1996. MURPHY, ELIZABETH; STEENBERGEN, CHARLES. Estrogen regulation of protein expression and signaling pathways in the heart. Biol Sex Differ, v. 5, n. 1, p. 6, 2014. NAFTOLIN, F. et al. Estrogen effects on the synaptology and neural membranes of the rat hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Biology of reproduction, v. 42, n. 1, p. 21-28, 1990. 44 NAKAJIMA, TOSHIAKI et al. Antiarrhythmic effect and its underlying ionic mechanism of 17? estradiol in cardiac myocytes. British journal of pharmacology, v. 127, n. 2, p. 429-440, 1999. NAO, TOMOKO et al. Comparison of expression of connexin in right atrial myocardium in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation versus those in sinus rhythm. The American journal of cardiology, v. 91, n. 6, p. 678-683, 2003. NELSON, D. L. & COX, M. M. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry. Nova York: Worth Publishers, 2000. NGUY??-TR?N VTB, Kubalak SW, Minamisawa S, FISET C, Wollert KC, Brown AB, Ruiz-Lozano P, Barrere-Lemaire S, Kondo R, Norman LW, Gourdie RG, Rahmen MM, Feld GK, Clark RB, GILES WR & Chien KR. A novel genetic pathway for sudden cardiac death via defects in the transition between ventricular and conduction system cell lineages. Cell 102: 671-682, 2000. NICKENIG, GEORG et al. Differential effects of estrogen and progesterone on AT1 receptor gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. Circulation, v. 102, n. 15, p. 1828-1833, 2000. ?STERLUND, MARIE K.; HURD, YASMIN L. Estrogen receptors in the human forebrain and the relation to neuropsychiatric disorders. Progress in neurobiology, v. 64, n. 3, p. 251-267, 2001. PARIS, O. et al. Direct regulation of microRNA biogenesis and expression by estrogen receptor beta in hormone-responsive breast cancer. Oncogene, v. 31, n. 38, p. 4196-4206, 2012. PATEL, DAKSHESH et al. Atrial fibrillation-associated Connexin40 mutants make hemichannels and synergistically form gap junction channels with novel properties. FEBS letters, v. 588, n. 8, p. 1458-1464, 2014. PEDRAM, ALI et al. Estrogen inhibits cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro Antagonism of calcineurin-related hypertrophy through induction of MCIP1.Journal of Biological Chemistry, v. 280, n. 28, p. 26339-26348, 2005. PEDRAM, ALI et al. Estrogen inhibits cardiac hypertrophy: role of estrogen receptor-? to inhibit calcineurin. Endocrinology, v. 149, n. 7, p. 3361-3369, 2008. PEDRAM, ALI et al. Estrogen receptor-? prevents cardiac fibrosis. Molecular Endocrinology, v. 24, n. 11, p. 2152-2165, 2010. PELZER, T.; SHAMIM, A.; NEYSES, L. Estrogen effects in the heart. In:Biochemical Mechanisms in Heart Function. Springer US, p. 307-313, 1996. PETERS, ROBERT W.; GOLD, Michael R. The influence of gender on arrhythmias. Cardiology in review, v. 12, n. 2, p. 97-105, 2004. 45 POLAN, MARY LAKE et al. Cultured Human Luteal Peripheral Monocytes Secrete Increased Levels of Interleukin-1*. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, v. 70, n. 2, p. 480-484, 1990. POLONTCHOUK, LIOUDMILA et al. Chronic effects of endothelin 1 and angiotensin II on gap junctions and intercellular communication in cardiac cells. The FASEB Journal, v. 16, n. 1, p. 87-89, 2002. POLONTCHOUK, LIOUDMILA et al. Effects of chronic atrial fibrillation on gap junction distribution in human and rat atria. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, v. 38, n. 3, p. 883-891, 2001. PROSSNITZ, ERIC R.; BARTON, MATTHIAS. The G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor GPER in health and disease. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, v. 7, n. 12, p. 715-726, 2011. REN, JUN et al. Impact of estrogen replacement on ventricular myocyte contractile function and protein kinase B/Akt activation. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, v. 284, n. 5, p. H1800-H1807, 2003. ROSANO, GIUSEPPE et al. Effect of Estrogen Replacement Therapy on Heart Rate Variability and Heart Rate in HealthyPostmenopausal Women. American Journal of Cardiology, v. 80, n. 6, p. 815-817, 1997. S?EZ JC, BERTHOUD VM, BRA?ES MC, MART?NEZ AD & BEYER EC. Membrane channels formed by connexins: their regulation and functions. Physiological Reviews 83: 1359-1400, 2003. SAFARI, TAHEREH et al. High-Dose Estradiol-Replacement Therapy Enhances the Renal Vascular Response to Angiotensin II via an AT2-Receptor Dependent Mechanism. Advances in pharmacological sciences, v. 2015, 2015. SALAMEH, A. et al. Subchronic alpha-and beta-adrenergic regulation of cardiac gap junction protein expression. The faseb journal, v. 20, n. 2, p. 365-367, 2006. SAMBROOK, J. FRITSCH, AND E. F. MANIATIS. "T. 1989, Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual-2 th " Cold Spring Laboratory Press, New York (1989). SARRAZIN, JEAN-FRANCOIS et al. Reduced incidence of vagally induced atrial fibrillation and expression levels of connexins by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in dogs. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, v. 50, n. 15, p. 1505-1512, 2007. SAWAYA SE, RAJAWAT YS, RAMI TG, SZALAI G, PRICE RL, SIVASUBRAMANIAN N, MANN DL & KHOURY DS. Downregulation of connexin40 and increased prevalence of atrial arrhythmias in transgenic mice with cardiac-restricted overexpression of tumour necrosis factor. American Journal of Physiology 292: 1561-1567, 2007. SCHMIDT, JOLANTA B. et al. Treatment of skin aging with topical estrogens. International journal of dermatology, v. 35, n. 9, p. 669-674, 1996. 46 SEGRETAIN D & FALK MM. Regulation of connexin biosynthesis, assembly, gap junction formation, and removal. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1662: 3-21, 2004 SEUL KH, TADROS PN & BEYER EC. Mouse connexin40: gene structure and promoter analysis. Genomics 46: 120-126, 1997. SEVERS, NICHOLAS J. Gap junction remodeling and cardiac arrhythmogenesis: cause or coincidence?. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, v. 5, n. 4, p. 355-366, 2001. SEVERS NJ, DUPONT E, COPPEN SR, HALLIDAY D, INETT E, BAYLIS D & ROTHERY S. Remodelling of gap junctions and connexin expression in heart disease. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1662: 138-148, 2004. SHIMOMURA, KENJU et al. Is leptin a key factor which develops obesity by ovariectomy?.Endocrine journal, v. 49, n. 4, p. 417-423, 2002. SIGNORETTI, SABINA; LODA, MASSIMO. Estrogen receptor ? in prostate cancer: Brake pedal or accelerator?. The American journal of pathology, v. 159, n. 1, p. 13-16, 2001. SIMON AM, GOODENOUGH DA, LI E & PAUL DL. Mice lacking connexin40 have cardiac conduction abnormalities characteristic of atrioventricular block and bundle branch block. Current Biology 8: 295-298, 1998. SIMON, T.; KRAUSE, M . M.; BRENTANO, C. F.; JAILLON, P. Sex Differences in the Prognosis of Congestive Heart Failure. Circulation. v.103, p. 375-380, 2001. SIMONCINI, TOMMASO et al. Interaction of oestrogen receptor with the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase. Nature, v. 407, n. 6803, p. 538-541, 2000. SOSINSKY GE & NICHOLSON BJ. Structural organization of gap junction channels. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1711: 99-125, 2005. SULLIVAN, R. et al. Heart malformations in transgenic mice exhibiting dominant negative inhibition of gap junctional communication in neural crest cells. Developmental biology, v. 204, n. 1, p. 224-234, 1998. SUN, YIGUO et al. Novel germline GJA5/connexin40 mutations associated with lone atrial fibrillation impair gap junctional intercellular communication.Human mutation, v. 34, n. 4, p. 603-609, 2013. SZABO, JOSEPH et al. Effect of dietary protein quality and essential fatty acids on fatty acid composition in the liver and adipose tissue after rapid weight loss in overweight cats. American journal of veterinary research, v. 64, n. 3, p. 310-315, 2003. TEUNISSEN BEJ, VAN Amersfoorth SCM, Opthof T, Jongsma HJ & Bierhuizen MFA. Sp1 and Sp3 activate the rat connexin40 proximal promoter. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 292: 71-78, 2002. 47 TEUNISSEN BEJ & Bierhuizen MFA. Transcriptional control of myocardial connexins. Cardiovascular Research 62: 246-255, 2004. THOMAS, SUMA A. et al. Disparate effects of deficient expression of connexin43 on atrial and ventricular conduction evidence for chamber-specific molecular determinants of conduction. Circulation, v. 97, n. 7, p. 686-691, 1998. TRIBULOVA, NARCIS et al. Enhanced connexin-43 and ?-sarcomeric actin expression in cultured heart myocytes exposed to triiodo-l-thyronine. Journal of molecular histology, v. 35, n. 5, p. 463-470, 2004. VAN RIJEN, HAROLD VM et al. Human connexin40 gap junction channels are modulated by cAMP. Cardiovascular research, v. 45, n. 4, p. 941-951, 2000. VASCONCELLOS, LEONARDO DE SOUZA; SABINO, KELLY RENATA; PETROIANU, Andy. Rela??o entre ooforectomia e peso em modelo experimental. Rev. Col. Bras. Cir, v. 32, n. 3, p. 132-135, 2005. VELDEN, HUUB MW et al. Altered pattern of connexin40 distribution in persistent atrial fibrillation in the goat. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology, v. 9, n. 6, p. 596-607, 1998. VERHEULE S, VAN BATENBURG CA, COENJAERTS FE, KIRCHHOFF S, WILLECKE K & JONGSMA HJ. Cardiac conduction abnormalities in mice lacking the gap junction protein connexin40. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 10 (10): 1380-1389, 1999. WANG, HUIHUI et al. Supraphysiological estrogen levels adversely impact proliferation and histone modification in human embryonic stem cells: possible implications for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation assisted pregnancy.European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, v. 155, n. 1, p. 58-64, 2011. WANG, MEIJING et al. Estrogen receptor ? mediates increased activation of PI3K/Akt signaling and improved myocardial function in female hearts following acute ischemia. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, v. 296, n. 4, p. R972-R978, 2009. WANG, NING et al. MicroRNA-23a Participates in Estrogen Deficiency Induced Gap Junction Remodeling of Rats by Targeting GJA1. International journal of biological sciences, v. 11, n. 4, p. 390, 2015. WHITE, RICHARD E.; DARKOW, DAVID J.; LANG, JESSICA L. FALVO. Estrogen relaxes coronary arteries by opening BKCa channels through a cGMP-dependent mechanism. Circulation research, v. 77, n. 5, p. 936-942, 1995. WIRKA, ROBERT C. et al. A common connexin-40 gene promoter variant affects connexin-40 expression in human atria and is associated with atrial fibrillation. Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, v. 4, n. 1, p. 87-93, 2011. 48 YANG, BAOFENG et al. The muscle-specific microRNA miR-1 regulates cardiac arrhythmogenic potential by targeting GJA1 and KCNJ2. Nature medicine, v. 13, n. 4, p. 486-491, 2007. YANG, SHAO-HUA et al. Mitochondrial localization of estrogen receptor ?. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 101, n. 12, p. 4130-4135, 2004. ZAHID, MUHAMMAD et al. Unbalanced estrogen metabolism in ovarian cancer. International Journal of Cancer, v. 134, n. 10, p. 2414-2423, 2014. ZHAO, CHUNYAN; DAHLMAN-WRIGHT, KARIN; GUSTAFSSON, JAN-?KE. Estrogen receptor ?: an overview and update. Nuclear receptor signaling, v. 6, 2008. ZHOU, LI et al. 17?-Estradiol inhibits angiotensin II-induced collagen synthesis of cultured rat cardiac fibroblasts via modulating angiotensin II receptors. European journal of pharmacology, v. 567, n. 3, p. 186-192, 2007. |
Page generated in 0.003 seconds