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Previous issue date: 2010-03-08 / The canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, an infectious disease of worldwide distribution, is caused
by the rickettsia Ehrlichia canis, an obligatory intracellular parasite of mononuclear cells and
transmitted by the dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The clinical and hematological
abnormalities are varied, depending on the strain of Ehrlichia spp., the immune response of
the dog and the concomitant presence of other diseases. Among the various hematological
disorders, thrombocytopenia is a common feature. The disease can manifest itself through a
variety of clinical veterinarians, particularly those working in endemic areas, should always
consider the possibility of infection with Ehrlichia spp., especially in dogs with nonspecific
signs of illness. This study aimed to evaluate clinical and hematologic recuperation of dogs
naturally infected with Ehrlichia sp. and treated with doxycycline. The trial was performided
at the Laboratory of Experimental Chemotherapy from the Department of Animal
Parasitology of the Institute of Veterinary of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de
Janeiro. About the total of 90 Beagles dogs kept in kennels experimental laboratory, twelve
were selected, with clinical signs such as fever, anorexia, vomiting, weight loss, pale mucous
membranes, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly and the presence of ticks R. sanguineus and find
hematologic thrombocytopenia. The laboratory diagnosis was confirmed by direct
identification of morulae of Ehrlichia sp. in blood smears stained with Giemsa. After
weighing all of 12 dogs, they were individually treated with doxycycline at a dose of 10mg/kg
body weight every 12 hours for 21 days, during which assessments were made of clinical and
hematologic exams. Some clinical changes were observed during the evaluation period as
fever, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, pale mucous membranes, splenomegaly and
lymphadenopathy presenting these standard parameters the 21 days of treatment. The
abnormalities found were thrombocytopenia and normochromic normocitic anemia. In the
days +14 and +21, the mean counts of red blood cells and hematocrit value were within
normal physiological parameters for the species. There was a statistically significant
difference between days -1 and +21 by red blood counts and hematocrit values. At the end of
treatment, all animals were normalized to platelet count, statistically significant differences
between days -1 and +21. It is concluded that there was clinical-hematological normalization
at the end of the treatment period and that it administered at a dose of 10mg/kg over 21 days
produced no clinical and hematological reactions.
Key words: Antibioticotherapy, Ehrlichia spp., Hematology. / A ehrlichiose monoc?tica canina, doen?a infecciosa de distribui??o mundial, ? causada pela
riqu?tsia Ehrlichia canis, parasita intracelular obrigat?rio de c?lulas mononucleares caninas e
transmitida pelo carrapato Rhipicephalus sanguineus. As anormalidades cl?nicas e
hematol?gicas s?o variadas, dependendo da linhagem de Ehrlichia spp., da resposta imune do
c?o e da presen?a concomitante de outras doen?as. Entre as diversas anormalidades
hematol?gicas, a trombocitopenia ? um achado predominante. Como a doen?a pode se
manifestar atrav?s de uma grande variedade de sinais cl?nicos, os m?dicos veterin?rios,
particularmente aqueles que trabalham em regi?es end?micas, devem sempre considerar a
possibilidade de infec??o por Ehrlichia spp., especialmente em c?es com sinais n?o
espec?ficos da doen?a. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a recupera??o cl?nicohematol?gica
de c?es naturalmente infectados por Ehrlichia sp. e tratados com doxiciclina. O
estudo foi realizado nas depend?ncias do Laborat?rio de Quimioterapia Experimental em
Parasitologia Veterin?ria do Departamento de Parasitologia Animal da UFRRJ. Selecionou-se
12 animais da ra?a Beagle, do total de 90 c?es mantidos no canil experimental do laborat?rio,
com sinais cl?nicos, como febre, anorexia, v?mito, emagrecimento, mucosas hipocoradas,
hepato e esplenomegalia, al?m da presen?a de carrapatos R. sanguineus e do achado
hematol?gico de trombocitopenia. O diagn?stico laboratorial foi confirmado pela
identifica??o direta de m?rulas de Ehrlichia sp. em esfrega?os sangu?neos corados por
Giemsa. Ap?s a pesagem dos 12 c?es, os mesmos foram tratados individualmente com
doxiciclina, na dose de 10mg/kg de peso corporal, por via oral, a cada 12 horas por um
per?odo de 21 dias, durante os quais foram realizadas avalia??es de par?metros cl?nicos e
hematol?gicos. Algumas altera??es cl?nicas foram observadas ao longo do per?odo de
avalia??o como febre, anorexia, v?mito, diarr?ia, mucosas hipocoradas, esplenomegalia e
linfadenomegalia apresentando-se estes par?metros normalizados ao 21? dia de tratamento.
As altera??es hematol?gicas encontradas foram trombocitopenia e anemia normocit?ca
normocr?mica. Nos dias +14 e +21, as contagens m?dias de hem?cias e valor de hemat?crito
estavam dentro dos par?metros fisiol?gicos normais para a esp?cie. Houve diferen?a
estat?stica significativa entre os dias -1 e +21 na contagem de hem?cias e nos valores de
hemat?crito. Quanto a trombocitopenia, no fim do tratamento, todos animais estavam com
plaquetometria normalizada, havendo diferen?a estat?stica significativa entre os dias -1 e +21.
Conclui-se que houve uma normaliza??o dos quadros cl?nico-hematol?gicos ao final do
per?odo de tratamento e que o mesmo administrado na dose de 10mg/Kg ao longo de 21 dias
n?o produziu rea??es cl?nicas e hematol?gicas adversas.
Palavras-chave: Antibioticoterapia, Ehrlichia spp., Hematologia.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:tede/923 |
| Date | 08 March 2010 |
| Creators | Botelho, Maria Clara da Silva Negreiros |
| Contributors | Scott, Fabio Barbour |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Curso de P?s-Gradua??o em Medicina Veterin?ria, UFRRJ, Brasil, Cl?nica e Cirurgia Veterin?ria |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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