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Previous issue date: 2008-02-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work aimed to study the structure and dynamic of Phytoplankton and Bacterioplankton in a complete cycle of shrimp cultivation (Litopenaeus vannamei) and determine the environmental factors responsible for the structural
changes of these communities. The study was realized in a saltwater shrimp farm (Maca?ba, RN), between September/2005 and February/2006, and in a freshwater
shrimp farm (Cear? Mirim, RN), between May/2007 and September 2007. The samplings were collected weekly in saltwater farm and every fifteen days in freshwater farm. Total phosphorus, chlorophyll a and environmental parameters
(pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, temperature, depth and water transparency) were measured. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the phytoplankton and bacterioplankton were carried out. The Shannon-Wiener ecologic indexes of
diversity and the Pielou equitability indexes were calculated to the phytoplankton. Bacterial density was determined by epifluorescence microscopy. The data were statistically analyzed by Pearson correlation and t-Test. Chlorophycea were predominat in salt water and in the captation/drainage point (24 to 99%). Diatoms had higher wealth. The species Choricystis minor had the highest occurrence (100%) and dominance (90-100%), thus showing its adaptation to the high
temperatures, salinity and low water transparency conditions. Filamentous Cyanobacteria like Oscillatoria sp., Pseudoanabaena sp. and Phormidium sp. had constant levels. The negative correlation between chlorophycea and water
transparency, and the positive correlation between chlorophyll a and salinity, showed that the phytoplankton was well adapted to the low transparency and to the high salinity. The bacterioplankton was negatively correlated with the total
phosphorus and salinity. In freshwater, Cyanobacteria were predominant (>80%), presenting some producers of toxins species like Microcystis sp., Aphanizomenon sp., Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii e Anabaena circinalis. Cyanobacterial density and total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations exceeded the maximum value allowed by legislation. The means of total phosphorus varied from 264 to
627 Wg.L-1 and the means of chlorophyll a oscillated between 22 and 182 Wg.L-1. The phytoplankton species were selected by low availability of the light, high pH, temperature and high availability of total phosphorus. The bacterioplankton
showed high densities (5,13 x 107 to 8,50 x107 Bac.mL-1). The studied environments (ponds and rivers) presented a high level of trophic state based on the high concentrations of chlorophyll a and total phosphorus and cyanobacteria
dominance. The composition of species in the ponds and rivers was similar, as well as high concentrations of total phosphorus and chlorophyll a, highlighting the pollution caused by the discharges of the farms in natural environment / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a estrutura e din?mica do fitopl?ncton e bacteriopl?ncton em ciclos completos de cultivos de camar?o (Litopenaeus vannamei), determinar os fatores ambientais respons?veis pelas
mudan?as estruturais destas comunidades. O estudo foi realizado em duas fazendas de camar?o: uma de ?gua salgada (Maca?ba, RN) entre setembro de 2005 a fevereiro de 2006 e outra de ?gua doce (Cear? Mirim, RN), durante o per?odo de
maio de 2007 a setembro de 2007. As coletas tiveram periodicidade semanal no viveiro de ?gua salgada e quinzenal no viveiro de ?gua doce. Foram determinadas clorofila-a e f?sforo total e par?metros ambientais foram medidos (pH, oxig?nio dissolvido, salinidade, temperatura, transpar?ncia e n?vel da ?gua). An?lises qualiquantitativas do fitopl?ncton e bacteriopl?ncton foram realizadas. Os ?ndices ecol?gicos de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener e equitabilidade de Pielou foram calculados para a comunidade fitoplanct?nica. A densidade bacteriana foi realizada por microscopia de fluoresc?ncia. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente
atrav?s da correla??o de Pearson e teste t. No viveiro de ?gua salgada e no ponto de capta??o-drenagem as clorof?ceas foram dominantes (24 % -99%) e as diatom?ceas
tiveram maior riqueza. A esp?cie Choricystis minor foi a esp?cie de maior ocorr?ncia (100%) e domin?ncia (90-100%), mostrando-se bem adaptada a condi??es de altas temperaturas e salinidade e baixa transpar?ncia da ?gua.
Cianobact?rias filamentosas como Oscillatoria sp., Pseudoanabaena sp. e Phormidium sp. foram constantes. A correla??o negativa, entre o grupo clorof?cea e a transpar?ncia, e positiva, entre clorofila-a e salinidade, demonstrou que o fitopl?ncton esteve bem adaptado ? baixa transpar?ncia e elevada salinidade. O bacteriopl?ncton correlacionou-se negativamente com a salinidade e f?sforo total. No viveiro de ?gua doce, cianobact?rias foram dominantes (>80%), apresentando algumas esp?cies produtoras de toxinas como Microcystis sp., Aphanizomenon sp., Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii e Anabaena circinalis. A densidade de c?lulas de cianobact?rias, os n?veis de f?sforo e clorofila-a excederam o valor m?ximo permitido pela legisla??o. Os valores m?dios do f?sforo total nos ambientes estudados foram de 264 a 627 Wg.L-1e para clorofila-a foi de 22 a 182 Wg.L-1. As esp?cies do fitopl?ncton foram selecionadas pela baixa disponibilidade de luz, alto pH, temperatura e elevada disponibilidade de f?sforo total. O bacteriopl?ncton apresentou elevada densidade (5,13 x107 a 8,50 x107 Bac.mL-1). Os ambientes estudados (viveiros e rios) configuram elevado estado de trofia, com base nas altas
concentra??es de clorofila-a e f?sforo total e domin?ncia de cianobact?rias. A composi??o de esp?cies nos viveiros e nos rios (ponto de capta??o/drenagem) foi semelhante, assim como altos valores de concentra??es de f?sforo e clorofila-a,
evidenciando o efeito poluidor das descargas dos viveiros no ambiente natural
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/12480 |
| Date | 25 February 2008 |
| Creators | Santos, Margarida de Lourdes Melo Nelson dos |
| Contributors | CPF:27471934468, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4703426P0, Ara?jo, Magn?lia Fernandes Flor?ncio de, CPF:51274957400, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4511989641459455, C?mara, Marcos Rog?rio, CPF:10654640459, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783008H5, Tucci, Andrea, CPF:11929769830, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3042923736125076, Costa, Ivaneide Alves Soares da |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Bioecologia Aqu?tica, UFRN, BR, Bioecologia Aqu?tica |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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