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Previous issue date: 2012-07-13 / The Electrical Submersible Pumping is an artificial lift method for oil wells employed in
onshore and offshore areas. The economic revenue of the petroleum production in a well depends
on the oil flow and the availability of lifting equipment. The fewer the failures, the lower the
revenue shortfall and costs to repair it. The frequency with which failures occur depends on the
operating conditions to which the pumps are submitted. In high-productivity offshore wells
monitoring is done by operators with engineering support 24h/day, which is not economically
viable for the land areas. In this context, the automation of onshore wells has clear economic
advantages.
This work proposes a system capable of automatically control the operation of electrical
submersible pumps, installed in oil wells, by an adjustment at the electric motor rotation based on
signals provided by sensors installed on the surface and subsurface, keeping the pump operating
within the recommended range, closest to the well s potential. Techniques are developed to
estimate unmeasured variables, enabling the automation of wells that do not have all the required
sensors. The automatic adjustment, according to an algorithm that runs on a programmable logic
controller maintains the flow and submergence within acceptable parameters avoiding
undesirable operating conditions, as the gas interference and high engine temperature, without
need to resort to stopping the engine, which would reduce the its useful life. The control strategy
described, based on modeling of physical phenomena and operational experience reported in
literature, is materialized in terms of a fuzzy controller based on rules, and all generated
information can be accompanied by a supervisory system / O bombeio centr?fugo submerso ? um m?todo de eleva??o artificial de petr?leo
empregado em ?reas terrestres ou mar?timas. A receita econ?mica da produ??o de petr?leo em
um po?o depende da vaz?o de ?leo e da disponibilidade do equipamento de eleva??o. Quanto
menos falhas, menores ser?o as receitas cessantes e os custos para repar?-las. A frequ?ncia com
que as falhas ocorrem depende das condi??es operacionais ?s quais as bombas s?o submetidas.
Em po?os mar?timos de alta produtividade o acompanhamento ? feito por operadores com suporte
de engenharia 24h/dia, o que n?o ? economicamente vi?vel para as ?reas terrestres. Nesse
contexto, a automa??o de po?os terrestres apresenta vantagens econ?micas claras.
Neste trabalho ? proposto um sistema capaz de controlar automaticamente a opera??o de
bombas centr?fugas submersas instaladas em po?os produtores de petr?leo, via ajuste na rota??o
do motor el?trico, a partir de sensores instalados na superf?cie e subsuperf?cie, mantendo a bomba
operando dentro da faixa recomendada, o mais pr?ximo poss?vel do potencial do po?o. S?o
desenvolvidas t?cnicas de estimativa de vari?veis n?o medidas, possibilitando a automa??o de
po?os que n?o possuem todos os sensores requeridos. O ajuste autom?tico, conforme um
algoritmo que ? executado em um controlador l?gico program?vel, mant?m a vaz?o e a
submerg?ncia dentro de par?metros aceit?veis, evitando condi??es operacionais indesej?veis
como a interfer?ncia de g?s e a elevada temperatura do motor, sem a necessidade de recorrer ao
desligamento do motor, o que reduziria a sua vida ?til. A estrat?gia de controle descrita, baseada
na modelagem dos fen?menos f?sicos e na experi?ncia operacional registrada na literatura, ?
materializada em termos de um controlador Fuzzy baseado em regras, sendo que todas as
informa??es geradas podem ser acompanhadas por um sistema supervis?rio
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/13024 |
| Date | 13 July 2012 |
| Creators | Costa, Rut?cio de Oliveira |
| Contributors | CPF:42046637100, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0477027244297797, Salazar, Andr?s Ortiz, CPF:51618362968, http://lattes.cnpq.br/7865065553087432, Maitelli, Carla Wilza Souza de Paula, CPF:72255501449, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2441911467149645, Quintaes, Filipe de Oliveira, CPF:03164409494, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0868502609660648, Estevam, Valdir, CPF:00000000007, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9264004380006248, Assmann, Benno Waldemar, CPF:75841312715, Maitelli, Andr? Laurindo |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia e Engenharia do Petr?leo, UFRN, BR, Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento em Ci?ncia e Engenharia de Petr?leo |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess |
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