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Previous issue date: 2017-06-02 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A concentra??o industrial ? capaz de influenciar as caracter?sticas de determinadas regi?es,
algumas vezes de forma construtiva e outras destrutiva. ? importante observar que
dependendo da localidade, algumas caracter?sticas se tornam predominantes na atra??o de
ind?strias, tais como, tradi??es produtivas, formas de trabalho e o perfil dos consumidores. A
Teoria da Nova Geografia Econ?mica, tendo como principais autores Krugman (1991), Fujita
(1989), Venables (1996) e Thisse (1996), aborda os efeitos da localiza??o no mercado e,
consequentemente, das aglomera??es industriais. O estudo desses autores ? feito a partir da
Trindade Marshalliana (transbordamento de conhecimento, fornecedores de insumo e
especializa??o do trabalhador) e do Modelo de Concorr?ncia Monopol?stica de Dixit-Stiglitz,
que examina como economias de escala, retornos crescentes e custos de transporte podem
incentivar ou justificar a concentra??o das firmas em determinadas localidades. No caso
brasileiro, Lautert e Ara?jo (2007), Silva e Bacha (2014) e Resende (2015) tratam quest?es
que envolvem as aglomera??es industriais. Neste sentido, este trabalho ter? como objetivo
principal promover uma an?lise que investigue quais os fatores que influenciaram a
concentra??o industrial entre as Unidades Federativas do Brasil no per?odo de 2003 a 2014.
Para execu??o desse objetivo, ser? utilizado o ?ndice de Concentra??o Ellison e Glaeser para
medir a concentra??o industrial. As vari?veis utilizadas na observa??o dos impactos da
concentra??o s?o as proxies, da influ?ncia do governo sobre a concentra??o industrial
(al?quota do ICMS), o transbordamento de conhecimento (anos de estudo), externalidades
(participa??o regional das firmas, competitividade das firmas) e custo de neg?cio (custos de
transporte). Os dados ser?o organizados em forma de painel e ser? elaborado um modelo
econom?trico de Vetores Autorregressivos em Painel ? PVAR, que permitir? estudar as
rela??es din?micas e mecanismos de ajustes entre as vari?veis analisadas. Como fonte de
dados, majoritariamente, utilizam-se dados encontrados na Rela??o Anual de Informa??es
Sociais (RAIS), Censo Demogr?fico do IBGE e Banco Central do Brasil. Este estudo
contribui com a literatura ao utilizar um ?ndice pouco explorado a n?vel nacional e
ferramentas econom?tricas in?ditas para o estudo da concentra??o industrial. Os resultados da
an?lise em painel indicam que dentre as vari?veis utilizadas, as que apresentaram maior
signific?ncia sobre a concentra??o industrial est?o relacionados ? influ?ncia do governo e as
externalidades. Verificou-se que choques relacionados ao transbordamento de conhecimento
impactam positivamente na concentra??o industrial. Podemos concluir, portanto, que as
externalidades e educa??o formal s?o fatores importantes para atra??o de ind?strias em uma
regi?o. / The industrial concentration is capable of influencing the characteristics of certain regions,
sometimes constructive and sometimes destructive. It is important to notice that depending on
the locality, some characteristics become predominant in attracting industries, such as
productive traditions, ways of working and the profile of the consumers. The New Economic
Geography Theory, whose main authors are Krugman (1991), Fujita (1989), Venables (1996)
and Thisse (1996), approaches the effects of market location and, consequently, industrial
agglomerations. The study of these authors is based on the Marshallian Trinity (knowledge
overflow, input suppliers and worker specialization) and the Dixit-Stiglitz Monopolistic
Competition Model, which examines how economies of scale, increasing returns and
transport costs can encourage or sometimes justify the concentration of firms in certain
localities. In the Brazilian case, Lautert and Ara?jo (2007), Silva and Bacha (2014) and
Resende (2015) deal with issues involving industrial agglomerations. In this sense, this work
will promote an analysis that investigates the factors that influenced the industrial
concentration between the states of Brazil in the period that goes from 2003 to 2014. In order
to achieve this goal, we will use the Ellison and Glaeser Concentration Index to measure the
industrial concentration. The variables used to check the impacts of the concentration are the
proxies, the influence of the government on the industrial concentration (ICMS rate), the
knowledge overflow (years of study), externalities (firms' regional participation and firm
competitiveness) and business cost (Transport costs). The data will be organized in panel
form and an econometric model of Autorregressive Panel Vectors - PVAR will be elaborated,
which will allow to study the dynamic relations and mechanisms of adjustments among the
analyzed variables. As a data source, we used the data found in the Annual Social Information
Ratio (RAIS), Demographic Census of the IBGE and Central Bank of Brazil. This study
contributes to the literature by using an index that has not been explored at a national level
and some new econometric tools for the study of industrial concentration. The results of the
panel analysis indicate that among the variables used, those that presented the highest
significance on industrial concentration are related to government influence and externalities.
It was also verified that shocks related to knowledge overflow cause a positive impact on
industrial concentration. We can therefore conclude that externalities and formal education
are important factors when it comes to attracting industries in a region.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/23850 |
| Date | 02 June 2017 |
| Creators | Santos, Jean Carlos dos |
| Contributors | 03446605401, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8841368848220253, Andr?, Diego de Maria, 60011765313, http://lattes.cnpq.br/6480130040427049, Souza, Poema Isis Andrade de, 05826695455, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2017359154121135, Alves, Janaina da Silva |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ECONOMIA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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