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Previous issue date: 2013-03-25 / This study deals with the speech rate (SR) and the articulation rate (AR) in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) spontaneous speech obtained from unaware audio recordings (legally authorized telephone interceptions) and known ones (semistructured interview), situations commonly counterposed in the Forensic Phonetics area, specifically in Speaker Comparison (SC). The objective was to establish the speaker-discriminating power of SR and AR, contributing to the discussion about the effectiveness of their use as a comparative parameter in SC. In addition, the relationship between the rates and the independent variables of study (age, sex, formal education, temporal gap between the recordings, type of recording, length of speech stretch) was investigated. The SR and AR in the speech of seven subjects (five males and two females) was analyzed. The subjects live in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, have BP as their L1 and undefined dialects due to occasional detention(s). The recordings belong to the database of Instituto Geral de Per?cias, a state department of security. All subjects present a positive result for the SC. Measurement of the rates was carried out globally and locally. SRs calculation involved 539 turn talks, and ARs calculation involved 748 interpause stretches. Statistical analysis showed that there is no significant difference between the rate types (SR and AR) and between forms of measurement in SR. The AR was less variable than the SR, especially in the local measurement. As far as the speakerdiscriminating power of the rates, only the AR showed higher between-speaker variability than within-speaker variability, reaching a satisfactory intraclass correlation coefficient.The variability analysis by sex and type of recording was significant only for type of recording in SR. As a trend, it was observed that the subjects of both sexes decrease their rates when they are aware of the recording (reduction higher in males), and that in naturalistic speech (unaware recording) males predominantly presented the highest rates. Significant difference was found between the factors of the variable type of recording in SR and significant correlations between SR and length of speech stretch, and between AR and temporal gap. Based on the multiple local stretches, the significant predictors of SR and AR increase found in the analysis were sex (male factor), educational advancement, and higher temporal gaps. The significant predictors of decrease in SR and AR found in the analysis are advancing age and awareness of recording. It is possible to conclude that it is indicated to incorporate the AR local mean to the list of parameters used in the SC, provided there is a minimum temporal gap between contrasted recordings. Caution is recommended to minimize the impact of awareness of recording and of differences related to inherent speech style, as well as differences associated to educational advancement that might occur during the temporal gap between the confronted recordings / Este estudo tem por tema a taxa de elocu??o (TE) e de articula??o (TA) em fala espont?nea do portugu?s brasileiro (PB), angariada em grava??o desavisada (intercepta??es telef?nicas judicialmente autorizadas, realizadas sem a ci?ncia dos locutores) e avisada (entrevista semidirigida sabida e consentida), contraponto situacional comumente encontrado em Fon?tica Forense, especificamente na per?cia de Compara??o de Locutor (CL). Objetivou-se atrav?s dele estabelecer o potencial individualizante da TE e da TA, visando ? incorpora??o das taxas temporais ao conjunto de par?metros t?cnico-comparativos utilizados na per?cia de CL, assim como verificar a rela??o existente entre tais taxas e as vari?veis independentes idade, sexo, escolaridade, gap temporal (entre as grava??es desavisada e avisada), tipo de grava??o e tamanho do intervalo de fala. Investigou-se a TE e a TA na fala de sete sujeitos (cinco do sexo masculino e dois do sexo feminino), estabelecidos no Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil), com o PB como l?ngua materna e dialetos indefinidos devido ? ocasional(is) aprisionamento(s). Os sujeitos integram o banco de dados do Instituto Geral de Per?cias (IGP), ?rg?o da Secretaria de Seguran?a P?blica (SSP) do referido estado, nele figurando como alvo da per?cia de CL, com resultado positivo para o confronto de perfil de voz e fala ent?o efetuado. Mensurou-se os tempos de fala global e localmente, analisando-se 539 turnos de fala e 748 intervalos interpausais, considerados no c?lculo, respectivamente, das TEs e das TAs.Os resultados apontam a exist?ncia de diferen?a n?o significativa entre os tipos de taxa (mostrando-se a TA menos vari?vel do que a TE, especialmente na mensura??o local), mas diferen?a significativa entre as formas de mensura??o na TE. Quanto ao potencial individualizante das taxas, somente na TA a variabilidade intersujeitos foi superior ? intrassujeito, obtendo-se, nesse caso, um coeficiente de correla??o intraclasse indicativo de satisfat?rio poder discriminat?rio de falante. A an?lise da variabilidade por sexo e por tipo de grava??o apontou como significativo somente o tipo de grava??o na TE. Observou-se que os sujeitos de ambos os sexos tendem a diminuir as taxas quando t?m ci?ncia da grava??o (diminui??o maior no sexo masculino) e que na fala casual (grava??o desavisada) s?o prevalentemente os homens os falantes com as maiores taxas. Encontrou-se diferen?a significativa entre os fatores da vari?vel tipo de grava??o na TE e correla??o significativa entre a TE e a vari?vel tamanho do intervalo de fala e entre a TA e a vari?vel gap temporal. Considerando-se as 1.287 taxas locais, s?o significativos preditores do aumento da TE e da TA o fator masculino da vari?vel sexo e o avan?o na escolaridade e no gap temporal, enquanto que significativos preditores da diminui??o da TE e da TA o avan?o na idade e a ci?ncia de grava??o.Conclui-se pela indica??o da incorpora??o da TA local m?dia ao rol de par?metros t?cnico-comparativos utilizados na per?cia de CL, resguardada a m?xima contemporaneidade entre as grava??es confrontadas, e pela necessidade de ado??o de provid?ncias que visem minimizar o impacto da ci?ncia da grava??o e de diferen?as decorrentes tanto do estilo de fala pr?prio a cada um dos tipos de grava??o quanto de eventuais incrementos na escolariza??o, ocorridos no gap temporal existente entre os ?udios do cotejo
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/2115 |
| Date | 25 March 2013 |
| Creators | Gon?alves, Cintia Schivinscki |
| Contributors | Brescancini, Cl?udia Regina |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Letras, PUCRS, BR, Faculdade de Letras |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 8447345070736321569, 500, 600, -2856882280194242995 |
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