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Previous issue date: 2015-03-27 / The Leishmaniasis is a complex of diseases caused by protozoa of the genus
Leishmania spp., observed in the promastigote forms (flagellated, extracellular) in
invertebrate hosts, and amastigote forms (no scourge, intracellular required) in
vertebrates. Nowadays, these diseases are distributed in 88 countries in the Americas,
Africa, India, Asia and the Mediterranean. According to the World Health Organization,
500.000 and 1.5 million new cases, respectively of Visceral Leishmaniasis and
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis occur annually, and considered one of the infectious and
parasitic diseases of major global impact. Transmitted at the moment the blood feeding
by the female sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae), Leishmaniasis is the shown to expand in
all regions of Brazil, placing the country among the five most affected in the world. In
Brazil, many studies have been carried out to elucidate the species responsible for the
transmission of Leishmania spp., and consequently, prescribe important areas of to
public health. However, these approaches are uncommon in the Rio Grande do Sul
state. This study aimed to investigate the sandfly species occurring in a rural area in
Itapu? district, city of Viam?o, metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, and verify the
presence of DNA of Leishmania spp. in captured females. The collections were carried
out with CDC light traps in intradomicile, peridomicile and forest remnants to verify
possible population or species differences among the sites. The captures occurred for
three consecutive nights, from May 2013 to April 2014. The sandflies were identified
and females were grouped in pools of five animals each, according to the species. A
total of 516 phlebotomines were captured, pertaining belonging to the Lutzomyia neivai
(37.2%), Lutzomyia migonei (34.5%), Lutzomyia fischeri (21.7%), and Lutzomyia lanei
(6.5%). For DNA extraction, 245 females were used. Fragments of 120 bp of conserved
region of Leishmania kinetoplast were amplified from samples of Lutzomyia neivai, L.
fischeri and L. migonei. / As Leishmanioses s?o um complexo de doen?as causadas por protozo?rios do g?nero Leishmania spp., observados nas formas promastigota (flagelada, extracelular) nos hospedeiros invertebrados, e forma amastigota (aus?ncia de flagelo, intracelular obrigat?rio) nos vertebrados. Atualmente, estas doen?as encontram-se distribu?das em 88 pa?ses nas Am?ricas, ?frica, ?ndia, ?sia e Mediterr?neo. Segundo a Organiza??o Mundial da Sa?de (OMS), estima-se que 500 mil novos casos de Leishmaniose Visceral (LV) e 1,5 milh?es de novos casos de Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) ocorram anualmente, sendo considerada uma das doen?as infecto-parasit?rias de maior incid?ncia mundial. Transmitidas no momento do repasto sangu?neo pelas f?meas de flebotom?neos (Diptera: Psychodidae), as Leishmanioses se mostram em expans?o em todas as regi?es brasileiras, colocando o pa?s entre os cinco mais afetados no mundo. No Brasil, muitas pesquisas t?m sido desenvolvidas no intuito de esclarecer as esp?cies respons?veis pela transmiss?o de Leishmania spp., e consequentemente, apontar ?reas de import?ncia ? sa?de p?blica. A LTA chegou a capital do RS em 2002 e ainda s?o escassos os estudos de esp?cies transmissoras neste Estado. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as esp?cies de flebotom?neos ocorrentes em uma localidade rural no distrito de Itapu?, munic?pio de Viam?o, regi?o metropolitana de Porto Alegre, e verificar, a presen?a de DNA de Leishmania spp. nas f?meas capturadas. As capturas foram realizadas com armadilhas luminosas tipo CDC (Center for Diseases Control) em ambiente intradomiciliar, peridomiciliar e mata, a fim de verificar poss?veis diferen?as populacionais e/ou espec?ficas entre os locais. As capturas ocorreram durante tr?s noites consecutivas, no per?odo de Maio de 2013 a Abril de 2014. Os flebotom?neos coletados foram identificados taxonomicamente e as f?meas foram agrupadas em pools de cinco indiv?duos cada, de acordo com esp?cie. Um total de 516 flebotom?neos foi capturado, pertencentes ?s esp?cies Lutzomyia neivai (37,2%), Lutzomyia migonei (34,5%), Lutzomyia fischeri (21,7%), e Lutzomyia lanei (6,5%). Para extra??o de DNA foram utilizadas 245 f?meas. Foram amplificados fragmentos de 120 pares de bases referentes ? regi?o conservada do kDNA de Leishmania em amostras de Lutzomyia neivai, Lutzomyia fischeri e Lutzomyia migonei.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/7177 |
| Date | 27 March 2015 |
| Creators | Lindholz, Catiele Gobetti |
| Contributors | Ferreira, Carlos Alexandre Sanchez |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Biologia Celular e Molecular, PUCRS, Brasil, Faculdade de Bioci?ncias |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 8198246930096637360, 600, 600, 600, 36528317262667714, -1634559385931244697 |
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