Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem. There are few studies in Latin
America, especially in primary care settings. Our objective was to determine the prevalence, stages, and associated
factors of CKD in primary care setting.
Methods: We did a retrospective secondary analysis of a database from the Diabetes and Hypertension Primary
Care Center of the Peruvian Social Security System (EsSalud) in Lima, Peru. We defined CKD as the presence of
eGFR <60 mL/min and/or albuminuria >30 mg/day in 24 h, according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes
(KDIGO). Factors associated with CKD were evaluated with Poisson Regression models; these factors included age,
gender, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), hypertension (HTN), body mass index (BMI), and uric acid. Associations were
described as crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Results: We evaluated 1211 patients (women [59%], mean age 65.8 years [SD: 12.7]). Prevalence of CKD was 18%.
Using the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the prevalence was 9.3% (95% CI 5.3 – 13.3) in patients without
HTN or DM2; 20.2% (95% CI 17.6 – 22.8) in patients with HTN, and 23.9% (95% CI 19.4 – 28.4) in patients with DM2. The
most common stages were 1 and 2 with 41.5% and 48%, respectively. Factors associated with CKD in the adjusted
analysis were: age in years (PR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.01 – 1.04), DM2 (PR = 3.37, 95% CI 1.09 – 10.39), HTN plus
DM2 (PR = 3.90, 95% CI 1.54 – 9.88), and uric acid from 5 to <7 mg/dL (PR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.31 – 3.19) and ≥7 mg/dL
(PR = 5.19, 95% CI 3.32 – 8.11).
Conclusions: Prevalence of CKD in the primary care setting population was high. CKD is more frequent in the
early stages of the disease, and individuals with hypertension, DM2, older age and hyperuricemia have higher
prevalence of CKD.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:PERUUPC/oai:repositorioacademico.upc.edu.pe:10757/622208 |
| Date | 19 July 2017 |
| Creators | Herrera-Añazco, Percy, Taype-Rondan, Alvaro, Lazo-Porras, María, Alberto Quintanilla, E, Ortiz-Soriano, Victor Manuel, Hernandez, Adrian V. |
| Contributors | moc.liamg@dumalis |
| Publisher | BMJ Publishing Group Ltd |
| Source Sets | Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC) |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5517816/ |
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