Spelling suggestions: "subject:"hyperuricemia"" "subject:"hyperuricaemia""
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On the search for potential antihyperuricemic agents from natural products. / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collectionJanuary 2006 (has links)
Hyperuricemia is the hallmark of gout. Pathogenic mechanisms of hyperuricemia include uric acid overproduction in the liver or underexcretion in the kidney. Current antihyperuricemic agents include xanthine oxidase inhibitors in which allopurinol is the most often prescribed. Inhibitors of renal urate reabsorption such as probenecid and benzbromarone are also employed. However, these existing antihyperuricemic agents possess some undesirable effects such as hypersensitivity towards allopurinol and hepatotoxicity associated with benzbromarone. Therefore, search for alternative antihyperuricemic agents with a more favorable toxicological profile or via mechanisms other than the above two mentioned is highly warranted. / The present project represents such an effort. Four in vitro experimental models were developed for the screening of new antihyperuricemic agents. The effects of the potential compounds from natural sources on the activities of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase and xanthine oxidase, as well as the uptake of urate through rat renal brush border membrane vesicles were investigated. Several compounds emerged with strong urate uptake inhibitory activities in which morin (3, 5, 7, 2', 4'-pentahydroxyflavone) was the most potent. Interestingly some of these compounds including morin were also demonstrated to be xanthine oxidase inhibitors. The subsequent in vivo experiment showed that morin indeed exhibited hypouricemic and uricosuric actions in an acute oxonate-induced hyperuricemic rat model. The uricosuric action of morin was hirther studied in transfected HEK293 cells expressing the human urate anion transporter 1 (hURATI) which is believed to regulate blood urate level by mediating urate reabsorption. In hURAT1-expressing HEK293 cells, urate uptake was significantly increased as compared to the non-transfected parental cells. Incorporation of morin into the uptake buffer could dose-dependently inhibit urate uptake in the transfected cells. Taken together our data indicated that morin is a potentially useful antihyperuricemic agent which acts by inhibiting xanthine oxidase and inhibiting urate reabsorption. In addition, the favorable safety profile of this natural compound makes it a potential candidate worthy of further investigations. / Yu Zhifeng. / "June 2006." / Advisers: Christopher H. K. Cheng; Wing Ping Fong. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-03, Section: B, page: 1584. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-169). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.
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Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Peruvian primary care setting.Herrera-Añazco, Percy, Taype-Rondan, Alvaro, Lazo-Porras, María, Alberto Quintanilla, E, Ortiz-Soriano, Victor Manuel, Hernandez, Adrian V. 19 July 2017 (has links)
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem. There are few studies in Latin
America, especially in primary care settings. Our objective was to determine the prevalence, stages, and associated
factors of CKD in primary care setting.
Methods: We did a retrospective secondary analysis of a database from the Diabetes and Hypertension Primary
Care Center of the Peruvian Social Security System (EsSalud) in Lima, Peru. We defined CKD as the presence of
eGFR <60 mL/min and/or albuminuria >30 mg/day in 24 h, according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes
(KDIGO). Factors associated with CKD were evaluated with Poisson Regression models; these factors included age,
gender, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), hypertension (HTN), body mass index (BMI), and uric acid. Associations were
described as crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Results: We evaluated 1211 patients (women [59%], mean age 65.8 years [SD: 12.7]). Prevalence of CKD was 18%.
Using the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the prevalence was 9.3% (95% CI 5.3 – 13.3) in patients without
HTN or DM2; 20.2% (95% CI 17.6 – 22.8) in patients with HTN, and 23.9% (95% CI 19.4 – 28.4) in patients with DM2. The
most common stages were 1 and 2 with 41.5% and 48%, respectively. Factors associated with CKD in the adjusted
analysis were: age in years (PR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.01 – 1.04), DM2 (PR = 3.37, 95% CI 1.09 – 10.39), HTN plus
DM2 (PR = 3.90, 95% CI 1.54 – 9.88), and uric acid from 5 to <7 mg/dL (PR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.31 – 3.19) and ≥7 mg/dL
(PR = 5.19, 95% CI 3.32 – 8.11).
Conclusions: Prevalence of CKD in the primary care setting population was high. CKD is more frequent in the
early stages of the disease, and individuals with hypertension, DM2, older age and hyperuricemia have higher
prevalence of CKD.
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The prevalence and characteristics of hypouricemia: a descriptive study of medical check-up and administrative claims data / 低尿酸血症の有病割合とその特徴:レセプトおよび健康診断データを用いた記述疫学研究Koto, Ruriko 23 March 2023 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(社会健康医学) / 甲第24537号 / 社医博第129号 / 新制||社医||12(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科社会健康医学系専攻 / (主査)教授 中山 健夫, 教授 近藤 尚己, 教授 山本 洋介 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Public Health / Kyoto University / DFAM
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Association between urate-lowering therapy and cardiovascular events in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia / 無症候性高尿酸血症患者における尿酸降下療法と心血管イベントの関連Hashimoto, Hiroyuki 25 March 2024 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第25165号 / 医博第5051号 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 尾野 亘, 教授 西浦 博, 教授 佐藤 俊哉 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
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Associação do tratamento com alopurinol e desfechos definitivos em portadores de doença renal crônica com hiperuricemia assintomáticaValente, Luiz Eduardo January 2019 (has links)
Orientador: Luis Cuadrado Martin / Resumo: Fundamentação: É crescente o número de trabalhos revelando a associação de hiperuricemia assintomática com hipertensão, síndrome metabólica, doenças cardiovasculares e doença renal crônica. Alguns estudos revelam que o tratamento da hiperuricemia assintomática reduz o número de desfechos renais e cardiovasculares. Tal premissa, no entanto, ainda não foi avaliada em uma subpopulação brasileira. Objetivos: Avaliar a associação entre tratamento com alopurinol e ocorrência de desfechos definitivos em portadores de doença renal crônica com hiperuricemia assintomática. Materiais e métodos: Foram avaliados, de forma retrospectiva, pacientes hiperuricêmicos e portadores de doença renal crônica não dialítica, em tratamento no HC-FMB – UNESP, os quais iniciaram acompanhamento no ambulatório de Insuficiência Renal Crônica ou de Nefrologia Geral do HC-UNESP desde janeiro 2002 a dezembro 2017. Com o intuito de avaliar a associação do uso do alopurinol sobre desfechos definitivos (entrada em terapia renal substitutiva, duplicação da creatinina ou morte). Resultados: Foram avaliados 109 pacientes sendo 53 do sexo feminino, cuja média de idade foi de 68 ± 11 anos. Destes, 95 eram brancos, 13 afrodescendentes e um asiático. Vinte e seis pacientes apresentaram o desfecho estudado no período; entre todos os 36 pacientes que iniciaram o uso de alopurinol no primeiro ano seguimento, ocorreram oito desfechos (22%). A proteinúria em 24 h associou-se aos desfechos avaliados Hazzard Ratio de 1,301 (I... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Rationale: There is increasing number of studies revealing an association of hyperuricemia with hypertension, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. Some studies have shown that treatment of asymptomatic hyperuricemia reduces the number of renal and cardiovascular outcomes. This premise, however, has not yet been evaluated in a Brazilian subpopulation. Objectives: To evaluate the association between treatment with allopurinol and the occurrence of definitive outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease with asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Materials and methods: Hyperuricemic patients with chronic non-dialytic kidney disease under treatment at HC-FMB - UNESP who began follow-up at the Chronic Kidney Insufficiency or General Nephrology outpatient clinic at HC-UNESP, were retrospectively evaluated, from January 2002 to December 2017. In order to evaluate the association of the use of allopurinol on definitive outcomes (renal replacement therapy, creatinine doubling or death). Results: A total of 109 patients were evaluated, of which 53 were females, whose mean age was 68 ± 11 years. Of these, 95 were white, 13 Afro-descendants and one Asian. Twenty-six patients presented the outcome studied in the period; among all 36 patients who started using allopurinol in the first year of follow-up, eight outcomes (22%) occurred. Proteinuria at 24 h was associated with the Hazzard Ratio of 1.301 (95% CI: 1.122 -1.508), p: 0.011. In univariate analysis, phosp... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
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Componentes da síndrome metabólica em portadores de obesidade mórbida, segundo diferentes níveis de uricemia. / Metabolic syndrome in patients with morbid obesity, according to different levels of serum uric acid.Hordonho, Ana Adélia Cavalcante 28 April 2009 (has links)
Although uric acid has a character antioxidant, when in increased serum levels, has
been associated in several studies with various pathological conditions, particularly with
obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia and
insulin resistance, this being identified as the primary change of the metabolic syndrome.
However, these studies were not performed on samples formed specifically for morbid
obeses, where hyperuricemia is a common finding in obesity. This study was undertaken to
answer the question: serum uric acid in morbid obeses is associated with insulin resistance
and other components of metabolic syndrome? Hundred and sixty-seven subjects with
morbid obesity (49 men and 119 women, 20 to 71 years) were allocated into 4 groups
according to their quartile distribution of serum uric acid. All data were obtained from their
respectives records in a private clinic in Maceió (Alagoas). Patients in quartile 4 had values
of BMI, triglycerides, insulin, creatinine, HOMA% and HOMA-s (p <0.05) higher than
those observed among patients in the 1st quartile. The variables that correlated positively
and significantly with the levels of uric acid (the Spearman correlation) were waist
circumference, creatinine, BMI, insulin, HOMA%, HOMA-s and triglycerides. The
multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for age indicated that the variables that
associated independently and significantly to the plasma level of uric acid were the
HOMA-s, waist circumference, creatinine and be male. It was concluded that the plasma
uric acid in morbid obeses is independently associated with, among other factors, insulin
resistance and waist circumference, and it is therefore a possible risk factor for metabolic
syndrome. / Apesar do ácido úrico ter caráter antioxidante, em níveis séricos aumentados, tem sido
associado em diversos estudos a diversas condições patológicas, particularmente, à
obesidade, doenças cardiovasculares, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemias, hiperinsulinemia e à
resistência insulina, esta apontada como sendo a alteração primária da síndrome
metabólica. Todavia, esses estudos não foram realizados em amostras constituidas
especificamente por grandes obesos, sendo que a hiperuricemia é um achado comum na
obesidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi responder à seguinte pergunta: o ácido úrico
plasmático em obesos mórbidos correlaciona-se à resistência à insulina e aos demais
componentes da síndrome metabólica? Foram estudados 167 homens e mulheres (20 a 71
anos) portadores de obesidade mórbida a partir da análise de seus respectivos prontuários
numa clínica particular de Maceió (Alagoas). Os indivíduos foram categorizados em quatro
grupos segundo os quartis de ácido úrico plasmático. Os pacientes do 4º quartil tinham
valores de IMC, triglicerídeos, insulina, creatinina, HOMA% e HOMA-s maiores (p<0,05)
que os observados entre os pacientes do 1º quartil. As variáveis que se correlacionaram
positivamente e de forma significativa com os níveis de ácido úrico (correlação de
Spearman) foram a circunferência da cintura, creatinina, IMC, insulina, HOMA%,
HOMA-s e os triglicerídeos. A análise de regressão linear múltipla indicou que as variáveis
que se correlacionaram de forma independente e significativa ao nível plasmático de ácido
úrico foram o HOMA-s, a circunferência da cintura, a creatinina e ser do sexo masculino.
Concluiu-se que a o ácido úrico plasmático em obesos mórbidos associa-se de forma
positiva e independente, dentre outros fatores, à resistência à insulina e à circunferência da
cintura, podendo constituir-se , portanto, num possível fator de risco para a síndrome
metabólica.
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Marcadores bioquímicos da Síndrome Metabólica em indivíduosMallmann, Neila Hiraishi 25 April 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-04-25 / Não Informada / The cardiovascular diseases become up main causes of mortality and obesity in the
world. Despite of several preventive measures, these are still insufficiently and deathly
index due cardiovascular diseases recurrences continue increasing as such in developed
countries as development countries. Studies demonstrated significant the association
both uric acid levels and inviduals components of metabolic diseases, but the prevalence
ambit of metabolic syndrome using recently definitions among hypeuricemic peoples is
unknown and many intrinsic factors in both situations remain unclear. The present study
evaluated relations among metabolic syndrome and antiinflamatory markers in
hyperuricemic individuals. It have been 499 peoples attended in the Clincal Analyses
laboratory of Getulio Vargas University Hospital in Manaus – Amazonas – Brazil, with
range age 15-45, above sexs, were grouped into four groups : 1 Control (n=75) 2 Pre -
Metabolic Syndrome (n=226) 3.Metabolic Síndrome (129) 4.Hyperuricemic (n=68). For
the evaluation of oxidative stress levels of total thiols , total antioxidant capacity , total
capacity oxidant , glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde were measured. For the
evaluation of the inflammatory process parameters C-reative protein, alpha 1-
glycoprotein , ferritin , tryptophan and kynurenine were evaluated . In this study,
metabolic syndrome was estimated at 34 % and the obesity range was 28 % .
Biochemical markers showed statistical differences between the groups, being higher in
hyperuricemic subjects with metabolic syndrome than in the control group and
metabolic síndorme isolated . The hyperuricemic participants with metabolic syndrome
had the following changes compared to the control group: increased inflammatory
marker ( kynurenine ) and antioxidant ( glutathione peroxidase ) decreased. Regarding
the group with metabolic syndrome only, these parameters were less pronounced . No
statistical difference between groups of malondialdehyde was observed. Correlation
analysis showed that high levels of kynurenine was positively related to waist, glucose
and ferritin in patients with metabolic syndrome who were not found in the control
group Thus, hyperuricemic subjects with metabolic syndrome may have a higher
inflammation status and a higher level of oxidative stress. A higher inflammation status
was correlated with decrease in the levels of antioxidant enzymes and increase in risk
metabolic syndrome .Therefore, these results suggest that kynurenine and glutathione
peroxidase can be used as a biomarker for cardiovascular disease in patients
hyperuricemic with metabolic syndrome . / A doença cardiovascular se tornou a principal causa de mortalidade e morbidade no
mundo. Apesar de várias medidas preventivas estas ainda são insuficientes e índices de
mortes em decorrência de doenças cardiovasculares continuam aumentando tanto em
países desenvolvidos como em desenvolvimento. Estudos mostram significante
associação entre níveis de ácido úrico e componentes individuais da síndrome
metabólica, mas o âmbito da prevalência da síndrome metabólica usando recentes
definições entre individuos com hiperuricemia é desconhecida e vários fatores
intrínsecos a ambas as situações permanecem obscuras. O presente estudo avaliou
marcadores bioquímicos da síndrome metabólica em indivíduos hiperuricêmicos. Foram
avaliados 499 indivíduos atendidos no Laboratório de Análises Clinicas do Hospital
Universitário Getúlio Vargas em Manaus-Amazonas, com idade de 18 a 45 anos, de
ambos os sexos, agrupados em quatro grupos: 1. Controle (n=75 ) 2. Pré-síndrome
(n=226 ) 3.Síndrome Metabólica (n=129 ) 4.Hiperuricêmicos (n=68 ). Para a avaliação
do estresse oxidativo foram dosados os níveis de tióis totais, capacidade antioxidante
total, capacidade oxidante total, glutationa peroxidase e dosagem de malondialdeído.
Para a avaliação do processo inflamatório foram avaliados os parâmetros da proteína C
reativa ultra-sensível, alfa 1-glicoproteina, ferritina, triptofano e quinurenina. A
síndrome metabólica foi observada em 34% da população estudada e a obesidade em
28% destes. Os marcadores bioquímicos apresentaram diferenças estatísticas entre os
grupos, sendo maior nos indivíduos hiperuricêmicos com síndrome metabólica do que
no grupo controle ou com síndrome metabólica isoladamente. Os participantes
hiperuricêmicos com síndrome metabólica apresentaram as seguintes alterações em
relação ao grupo controle: níveis de quinurenina aumentada e atividade de glutationa
peroxidase diminuída. Com relação ao grupo com apenas síndrome metabólica, esses
parâmetros foram menos acentuados. Não foi observada diferença estatística no
malondialdeído entre os grupos. A análise de correlação mostrou que níveis elevados de
quinurenina foi positivamente relacionados com a cintura, glicemia e ferritina nos
pacientes com síndrome metabólica e que não foram encontrados no grupo controle.
Desta maneira, indivíduos hiperuricêmicos com síndrome metabólica apresentaram
níveis mais elevados marcadores da inflamação e de estresse oxidativo. O processo
inflamatório foi correlacionado com a diminuição nos níveis de enzimas antioxidantes e
um aumento no risco de síndrome metabólica. Assim, esses resultados sugerem que a
quinurenina e a glutationa peroxidase podem ser utilizados como um biomarcador para
doenças cardiovasculares em pacientes hiperuricêmicos com síndrome metabólica.
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Prevalência da doença renal crônica nos estágios 3, 4 e 5, em segmento da população adulta submetida a exames laboratoriais por causas diversas em laboratório da rede particular do município de Juiz de Fora , MG, nos anos de 2004 e 2005Bastos, Rita Maria Rodrigues 03 September 2007 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2007-09-03 / A Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) é considerada hoje um problema mundial de saúde pública. Estudos que estimem a prevalência da epidemia, além de fornecerem um importante indicador epidemiológico, respaldam a elaboração de estratégias para a detecção de casos novos. No Brasil, a literatura é escassa e os métodos utilizados não contemplam os critérios diagnósticos sugeridos nas Diretrizes Brasileiras para a DRC. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos estimar a prevalência da DRC, utilizando registros de indivíduos submetidos a exames laboratoriais por causas diversas em laboratório da rede particular do município de Juiz de Fora, MG, durante os anos de 2004 e 2005, analisar a freqüência de detecção da doença entre as especialidades médicas e investigar o papel do ácido úrico como marcador de risco da doença renal. Realizou-se um estudo transversal para o reconhecimento da prevalência da DRC e, posteriormente, um desenho longitudinal não concorrente visando estimar a associação entre a presença de hiperuricemia prévia e a DRC. A detecção da doença foi consubstanciada pelo cálculo estimado da filtração glomerular utilizando-se a equação do estudo MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) e seguiu os critérios propostos pelo K/D0Q1 (Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiatíve) para o diagnóstico e classificação. Encontramos uma prevalência de 9,6% da DRC, sendo 12,2% no sexo feminino, 5,8% no masculino, 25,2% entre os indivíduos com idade acima de 60 anos e 3,7% abaixo de 60 anos. Indivíduos com hiperuricemia apresentaram o dobro do risco de desenvolvimento da DRC quando comparados aos não portadores de hiperuricemia. Quanto às especialidades, observamos na Cardiologia uma maior potencialidade de detecção dos casos. Os resultados do presente estudo demonstram um aspecto operacional alternativo para otimizar a capacidade de detecção dos casos e fornece subsídios para estudos dos fatores relacionados à doença renal. / Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered a problem of public health worldwide. Studies of prevalence of the disease are important to measure the disease burden on a population and are extremely valuable to determine public health policies. In Brazil, the date on the epidemiology of CKD are scarce, and those available are not in accordance with the guidelines of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology. In the present study we aimed to establish the prevalence of CKD in the adult population of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, in the years of 2004 and 2005, using a laboratory database available in a private laboratory, analyze the frequency of detection of the disease among the medical specialties, and determine whether uric acid is risk factor for the development of the disease. A transversal study was done to recognize the prevalence of CKD, which was followed by a non concurrent longitudinal design to determine the association between hyperuricemia and CKD. Glomerular filtration rate was determined from the serum creatinine by the MDRD formula, and the disease was diagnosed and staged as recommended by the KDOQI of National Kidney Foundation and the Brazilian Society of Nephrology. The prevalence of CKD stage 3, 4 and 5 as a whole was 9.6%, being 12.2%, 5.8%, 25.2% and 3.7% among women, men, people >60 and 60 years, respectively. Compared to people with normouricemia, those with hyperuricemia had a two fold risk for developing CKD. Regarding to the medical specialties, we found that the majority of patients with CKD the creatinine was ordered by cardiologists. In conclusion: Our results present an alternative operational strategy to identify cases of CKD, confirms that cardiologists have the highest potenciality to identify the disease, and offer subsidies for studies of related factors.
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Doplňky stravy: možnosti snížení hyperurikémie a zmírnění dny / Nutraceuticals: possibilities in decreasing of hyperuricemia and alleviating goutLorencová, Štěpánka January 2020 (has links)
1 ABSTRACT Lorencová Š.: Nutraceuticals: possibilities in decreasing of hyperuricemia and alleviating gout. Diploma thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Kralove 2020, 82 p. This research work was conducted on the basis of literature analysis, reviewing papers mainly from international but also domestic journals. The review describes pathophysiology of gout and discusses options to mitigate the disease with the aid of dietary supplements. This work presents symptoms and a clinical picture of the disease as well as its origin and risk factors, pathological processes leading to the development of the disease, and a short overview of current pharmacotherapy. Furthermore this work summarises natural substances including plant extracts that may be utilised in the prevention and support of gout treatment. In particular, these include vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids, polyphenols and peptides. This work also describes plants used in the traditional treatment of gout and gives a brief overview of natural substances including plant extracts contained in food supplements that are available on the market in Czech Republic. This work also describes the role of purines, fructose, alcoholic drinks and tomatoes in triggering...
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Patofyziologie urátových transportérů v primární dně / Pathophysiology of urate transporters in primary goutPavelcová, Kateřina January 2021 (has links)
There are localised proteins (so-called urate transporters) in the renal proximal tubules and in the intestine, which excrete and reabsorb uric acid. Polymorphisms in the genes coding these proteins can result in the disruption of the transport function and development of hyperuricemia and gout. However the serum level of uric acid is also determined by other factors which include the intake of exogenous purines in food, synthesis of endogenous purines and degradation of nucleic acids, but also certain conditions. In 250 patients with primary hyperuricemia and gout we used Sanger sequencing to analyse the exons and adjacent intron regions in ten genes coding urate transporters: ABCG2, ABCC4, SLC2A9, SLC22A12, SLC22A11, SLC22A13, SLC17A1, SLC17A3, SLC22A6 and SLC22A8. We examined a possible connection between the identified genetic variants and primary hyperuricemia and gout based on a comparison of allele frequencies with the European population, according to topological models, according to programs predicting the functional impacts of variants and searches in specialised literature. We also took into account the conclusions of functional studies analysing the impact of nonsynonymous variants in the ABCG2 and SLC2A9 genes. We also focused on the effect of the concomitant occurrence of several...
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