Thesis (MScAgric (Animal Sciences))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In recent years, the aim of the production of broilers became more focused on the increase of the
performance of the birds in order to increase profit. To obtain an increased performance with broiler
chicks, it is necessary to look at the development of their gastrointestinal tract, the feed requirements and
the ability to digest certain nutrients in the period post hatch. Research have shown clear evidence of
increased performance of chicks by the inclusion of certain carbohydrate and protein sources in the prestarter
diets, but in contrast to this there are also some research that found no significant effects on the
performance of broilers when certain carbohydrate and protein sources were included in the pre-starter
diet. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect that a product containing specific
carbohydrate and protein sources, included in the pre-starter diets of broiler chicks, would have on their
performance. It was believed that the products to be tested would result in increased performance of the
chicks in the following growth phases. Special emphasis was placed on the average daily gain (ADG),
feed intake, cumulative feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), European production efficiency factor
(EPEF) and the protein efficiency ratio.
Different inclusion levels of the different raw materials were investigated in the first trial. Three raw
materials and a control were compared using a summit dilution process at 100:0, 66:34, 50:50, 34:66 and
0:100. Specific production parameters such as ADG total live weight gain, feed intake per week,
cumulative feed intake, FCR, EPEF and PER were measured and calculated in order to determine if there
were any significant differences between the treatments with the different raw material inclusions on the
performance of the chicks. No significant differences (P>0.05) were found between the 13 treatments for
the ADG, total live weight gain, feed intake per week, cumulative feed intake, FCR, EPEF and PER. The
results therefore indicated that there were no significant differences between the different inclusion levels
of the different raw materials and no significant differences for the production parameters for animals
receiving diets with various levels of the three raw materials. It is thus concluded that these raw materials
can be successfully utilised in pre-starter diets of broiler chicks.
The effect of the contribution of sugar to the metabolisable energy (ME) of the raw materials was tested in
a commercial grower trial. The three raw materials had inclusion levels leading to supply of either 12% or
18% of the ME in the form of sugar. No significant differences were found between the seven treatments
for ADG, total live weight gain, feed intake per week, cumulative feed intake, FCR, EPEF or the PER. It
was concluded that the percentage in contribution of sugars between 12 and 18% to the ME of the prestarter
diets had no significant effects on the production parameters tested. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Met die produksie van braaikuikens word daar deesdae al hoe meer klem gelê op die verhoging van die
produksie van die kuikens om dan dus ‘n verhoging in die wins te bewerkstellig. Om hierdie verhoogde
produksie by braaikuikens te kan bereik, is dit nodig om na eienskappe van die kuiken soos die
ontwikkeling van die spysvertering stelsel, die nutrient- behoeftes van die kuiken en die vermoë om
sekere nutriënte te kan verteer in die periode na uitbroei. Sommige navorsing het gewys dat die insluiting
van sekere koolhidraat – en proteïen bronne in die voor-aanvangs diëete van braaikuikens, lei tot ‘n
positiewe effek op die produksie van die kuikens, waar ander navorsing geen effek gevind het nie.
Daarom was die doel van die huidige navorsing gewees om te toets wat die effek van die insluiting in die
voor-aanvangs dieet van braaikuikens ‘n sekere produk met ‘n spesifieke koolhidraat –en proteïen bron
samestelling op die produksie van die kuikens sal wees in die daaropvolgende fases. Dit was verwag dat
die insluiting van hierdie produkte in die voor-aanvangs diëte van braaikuikens ‘n positiewe effek sou hê
op die produksie van die kuikens. Spesiale klem was gelê op die parameters soos gemiddelde daaglikse
toename (GDT) voer inname, kumulatiewe voer inname, voeromset verhoudings (VOV) Europese
produksie doeltreffendheids- faktor (EPEF) en die proteïen doeltreffendheids faktor (PER).
Verskillende insluitings vlakke van die verskillende produkte wat getoets is, is in die eerste proef
ondersoek. Die drie produkte is deur middel van ‘n piek verdunnings proses by verhoudings van 100:0,
66:34, 50:50, 34:66 en 0:100 met mekaar vergelyk. Spesifieke produksie- parameters soos die GDT,
lewende massa, weeklikse voer- inname, kumulatiewe voer- inname, VOV, EPEF en die PER is gemeet.
Geen betekenisvolle verskille (P>0.05) was vir die 13 behandelings verkry nie. Die resultate het derhalwe
getoon dat daar geen betekenisvolle verskille tussen die verskillende insluitings vlakke van die
onderskeie produkte was nie en dat daar geen betekenisvolle tussen die produksieparameters van die
kuikens wat die diëte met die verskillende insluitingspeile van die drie roumateriale ontvand het, was nie.
Daarom is tot die slotsom gekom dat hierdie roumateriale suksesvol in die vooraanvangsdieet van
braaikuikens aangewend kan word.
Die effek van die bydrae van die suiker tot die metaboliseerbare energie (ME) van die produkte was in ‘n
kommersiële groei proef getoets. Die drie rou materiale was by beide 12- en 18% ingesluit. Geen
betekenisvolle verskille (P>0.05) was vir die sewe behandelings vir GDT, lewende massa, weeklikse
voer- inname, kumulatiewe voer- inname, VOV, EPEF en PEF verkry nie.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/6574 |
| Date | 03 1900 |
| Creators | Pretorius, Charne |
| Contributors | Pieterse, E., University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Animal Sciences. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | 80 p. : ill. |
| Rights | University of Stellenbosch |
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