Potatoes are an important and irreplaceable crop. This kind of crop is very important not only for it is use but also for a nutrition composition. There are also a prominent source of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Outside substances beneficial to health and potatoes contain harmful substances. These substances are foreign or naturally occurring, which include toxic glycoalkaloids. Glycoalkaloids are secondary metabolites of plants. Glycoalkaloids in potatoes have protective function it can increase the synthesis for example in case of pest infestations, mechanical damage or in case of to much light and heat. The potatoes were found several glycoalkaloides. Main, which constitutes 95 % of their content, are alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine. Their toxicity is inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and breaking the cell membranes. The potato tuber is their content is distributed unevenly. The quantity of glycoalkaloids is affected by manny factors as for example place, year, kind, the way how the crops are grown and storage. In Czech Republic the maximum allowed limit of glycoalkaloides in potatoes were made by legislation on 200 mg/kg fresh potato matter. In the commonly grown varieties of the amount is far below the hygienic limit. The methods for isolation of glycoalkaloids in potatoes are mainly chromatographic. The most commonly used HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography). In performed experiment was determined the content of majority glycoalkaloid alpha- chaconinu and alpha-solaninu at four different kinds -Milva, Marabel, Laura and Valfi. Drought stress has been studied for their content, assuming their accumulation in comparison with the other two variants - irrigation watering and drip irrigation. The glycoalkaloides content were messured by the UHPLC/MS/MS. The obtained results concluded that the content of glycoalkaloids is the variety dependent. Drought stress can probably increase their content. In our experiment, it positively did not. Important is the choice of kind in case if expectation a hot and dry year of growing. Kinds Milva and Marabel are very good in these conditions. In the case of general principles for cultivation, storage and cooking, the glykoalkaloids does not vision a risk for the consumer.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:nusl.cz/oai:invenio.nusl.cz:257600 |
| Date | January 2016 |
| Creators | Matoušková, Vendula |
| Contributors | Kotíková, Zora, Martinková, Jaroslava |
| Publisher | Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze |
| Source Sets | Czech ETDs |
| Language | Czech |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
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