The present experiment evaluated Willingham & Goedert-EschmannÂs proposal
(1999) that physical practice is required to support the parallel activation of explicit and
implicit systems during practice of an SRT task. Individuals either physically executed
or observed an individual producing a repeating 12-element sequence. Models and
observers were provided with explicit information regarding the sequence or were
uninformed. Congruent with previous findings, providing explicit instructions resulted
in a significant decrease in response times to sequenced stimuli during acquisition.
Individuals who physically performed the sequences during practice exhibited
performance during direct and indirect tests consistent with parallel activation of both
the explicit and implicit systems. Unexpectedly, performance on the indirect test for the
observers that revealed explicit learning was similar to that reported for the model,
indicating parallel activation also occurred during observation. This finding addresses
some of the predictions made by WillinghamÂs COBALT (1998). Furthermore, a subset
of observers revealed no explicit knowledge of the 12-element sequence but performed
well on the indirect test. Learning via the implicit system during observation is
congruent with recent behavioral data of Bird and colleagues (2005).
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:tamu.edu/oai:repository.tamu.edu:1969.1/3761 |
| Date | 16 August 2006 |
| Creators | Zihlman, Kirk A. |
| Contributors | Wright, David L. |
| Publisher | Texas A&M University |
| Source Sets | Texas A and M University |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Book, Thesis, Electronic Thesis, text |
| Format | 163409 bytes, electronic, application/octet-stream, born digital |
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