Research in the field of dual diagnosis (the coexistence of symptoms indicative of a substance abuse problem and a mental health problem) has expanded immensely over the past 15 years. Unfortunately, much of the existing literature available on this topic is limited to adult populations. The researcher explored the rate of dual diagnosis in the adolescent population by conducting a secondary data analysis of the Canadian Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect (CIS-2003; Trocme et al., 2005). The rate of having one or more substance abuse problems in the CIS-2003 was 8.8% and the rate of having one or more mental health problems was 23.6%. Dual diagnosis was found to be under-reported in the child welfare system in Canada. Results of the secondary data analysis indicate that 4.4% of the total sample of adolescents aged between 10 and 15 years old had symptoms indicative of a dual diagnosis over the 3 month study period (n=4381). By providing a profile of child and caregiver characteristics and risk factors associated with dual diagnosis, clinicians from all realms can become better equipped to understand these issues. In the future, Social Workers and other professionals can work collaboratively on identification of DD and improving outcomes for youth and families affected by symptoms of a dual diagnosis.

The Edmonton Arts and Youth Feasibility Study was conducted as a result of the question being asked "Can a structured art program be run with youth in conflict with the law?" It was a three month, arts-based, targeted prevention program run in an already existing drop-in centre for delinquent youth. This article reports on the qualitative findings of in-depth interviews conducted with the key stakeholders: participating adolescents (aged 14-19 years), lead artists, research assistants, and site directors. Findings suggest that the art curriculum, the strong relationships built, and the gains made were all strengths of the program. These gains include the acquisition of art skills, social skills and an improved ability to problem solve. Findings from this study also suggest the need for future research, including outcome studies and a program evaluation.

The aim of this thesis was to provide a portrait of the child sexual abuse (CSA) experiences of a sample of Québec youth living in residential child protective services (CPS) care using three sources of information: the youth, their workers and the CPS record. A convenience sample of 53 youth aged 14 to 17 recruited from six residential care units agreed to participate in the study. The youth were administered the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and their workers were administered the Child Welfare Trauma Referral Tool. The reason for CPS service was obtained from the agency administrative database. Analyses revealed high rates of CSA in the lives of these youth, particularly among the females. High concordance was found between youth self-reports and worker reports, while low concordance was found between youth self-reports and the legal reason for service. Where the reason for CPS service was CSA, complete concordance was found in two of three cases. Further analysis revealed that all CSA cases co-occurred with at least one other form of maltreatment; in fact, three-quarters had experienced CSA with all other forms of maltreatment combined. The study highlights the numerous victims of CSA that are not officially known to authorities, as well as the high co-occurrence of CSA with other forms of maltreatment. It also emphasizes the importance of screening for CSA, principally through youth self-reports, among this vulnerable population to ensure appropriate interventions and policies geared to their needs. / Le but de cette thèse ètait de dresser un portrait des expériences traumatisantes d'enfants victimes d'agression sexuelle (AS) par le biais d'un échantillon de jeunes québécois vivant au sein des services résidentiels de la protection de l'enfance, en utilisant trois sources d'information : le jeune, leurs intervenants et les rapports (données) des services de protection de l'enfance (SPE). Un échantillon de 53 jeunes, âgés de 14 à 17 ans et recrutés dans six unités de soins résidentiels, ont accepté de participer à l'étude. Les jeunes ont rempli le Childhood Trauma Questionnaire et les intervenants le Child Welfare Trauma Referral Tool. Le motif de l'intervention des SPE a été obtenu à partir de la base de données administrative de l'agence. L'analyse des données a révélé des taux élevés d'AS dans la vie de ces jeunes, plus particulièrement parmi les filles. Les résultats démontrent une concordance élevée entre les auto-évaluations des jeunes et les évaluations des intervenants, alors qu'une faible concordance a été trouvée entre les auto-évaluations des jeunes et le motif liè aux services. Lorsque le motif de l'intervention des SPE était pour un AS, une concordance parfaite a été trouvée dans deux des trois cas. Une analyse plus poussée a révélé que tous les cas d'AS se sont déroulés simultanément avec au moins une autre forme de mauvais traitement ; en fait, les trois-quarts ont subi une AS avec toutes les autres formes de mauvais traitements combinés. L'étude souligne le nombre important de victimes d'AS qui ne sont pas officiellement connues des autorités, ainsi que le nombre élevée des AS avec d'autres formes de mauvais traitements. Cela souligne l'importance du dépistage des AS, principalement à partir des auto-évaluations des jeunes, au sein de cette population vulnérable afin de mettre en place des interventions appropriées et des politiques adaptées à leurs besoins.

In the context of Tanzania's national development agenda, the older people play a key role in the economic, social and political spheres. Within the Tanzania National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty, the government has of recent been implementing a number of initiatives to enable the communities in the country including the older people to implement projects which will help them have meaningful income that will contribute to country's economic growth and hence reduce poverty both at micro and macro levels. The government also anticipates through national poverty alleviation initiatives, the National Ageing Policy which guides older people's affairs in Tanzania is realized.This thesis presents results on a case study conducted to Tanzania Social Action Fund program in order to establish the inclusion and participation of older people in Tanzania's national poverty reduction strategies. Data for this study was collected through survey, interviews with key informants and primary document review. Findings from study reveal low level of inclusion of the older people in the program .Only (3) out of (121) 2.5% of subproject implemented in the study district is for older people. This situation calls for the review of the ways the older people are targeted in such a program so as to increase their participation and inclusion.This paper is organized as follows: Section 1) Introduction which gives a description of poverty in Tanzania 2) Literature review which captures the broader picture of poverty and different policies which are in place; 3) Conceptual framework; 4) methodology which describes the way the study has been conducted ;5) Findings as outlined from the three methods which data was collected; 6) Discussion and; 7) Conclusion. / Dans le contexte de l'agenda de développement national de la Tanzanie, les personnes âgées jouent un rôle clé dans les domaines économique, social et politique. Dans la Stratégie nationale tanzanienne pour la Croissance et la Réduction de la Pauvreté, le gouvernement a de récents mis en œuvre un certain nombre d'initiatives pour permettre aux communautés dans le pays, y compris les personnes âgées à mettre en œuvre des projets qui les aideront à avoir un revenu significatif qui contribuera au développement économique du pays la croissance et donc de réduire la pauvreté tant au niveau micro et macro. Le gouvernement prévoit également à travers des initiatives nationales de réduction de la pauvreté, la Politique nationale sur le vieillissement qui guide les affaires des personnes âgées en Tanzanie est réalisé.Cette thèse présente les résultats sur une étude de cas menée en Tanzanie action du programme du Fonds social afin d'établir l'inclusion et la participation des personnes âgées en Tanzanie stratégies nationales de réduction de la pauvreté.Les données de cette étude ont été recueillies grâce à l'enquête, des entretiens avec des informateurs clés et examen des documents primaires. Les résultats de l'étude révèlent faible niveau d'intégration des personnes âgées dans le programme. Uniquement (3) de (121) 2,5% du sous-projet mis en œuvre dans le district de l'étude est pour les personnes âgées. Cette situation appelle à la révision des façons les plus âgés sont ciblés dans un tel programme afin d'accroître leur participation et d'inclusion.Ce papier est organisé comme suit: Introduction Section 1) qui donne une description de la pauvreté en Tanzanie 2) Revue de la littérature qui capture l'image plus large de la pauvreté et les différentes politiques qui sont en place; 3) Le cadre conceptuel; 4) la méthodologie qui décrit la manière l'étude a été réalisée; 5) les résultats comme indiqué par les trois méthodes dont les données ont été collectées; 6) la discussion et; 7) Conclusion.

The word data has a connotation of impersonal objectivity "untouched by human hands". The data in this study, however, have personal histories, and many boys and girls have participated in helping experience become data.

This study was begun in the year 1952 when the writer occupied the position of Medical Caseworker at the Jewish Memorial Hospital, New York City. It was noted that the number of chronically ill aged patients being hospitalized vas steadily increasing resulting in a large number of discharge problems demanding skilled planning. Evaluating whether an aged patient may return to his home and family, or whether he must be placed outside of the home, accounted for a substantial part of the social worker's time and attention. [...]

Caring for children who can not remain in their own homes with their own parents is one of the most basic problems in the field of child welfare. Traditionally some of these dependent children have been cared for by relatives or neighbours. However, there have always been a certain number of orphans or children whose relatives are unable or unwilling to care for them. Our society has, since Elizabethan times, become increasingly concerned about this latter group of children.

This is a study of the origins of the Montreal Council of Social Agencies, a highly-developed welfare planning body of Montreal. An analysis is made here of its position and its functions in relation to the historical background of the Province of Quebec and to the cultural forces which impinge on the Council's growth and development. The work deals also with the formation of Financial Federation because of the symbiotic relationship which exists between it and the Council.

The purpose of this thesis is to locate the experience of individuals in the shared experience of a cultural community, to reveal a collective experience. Further, this thesis aspires to demonstrate that the experience of trauma is transmitted, often silently, intergenerationally. This is an attempt to define a community of distant survivors, and to locate the echoes of the voice of trauma hidden in the narratives of its members. The study explores the events of the December 2004 Southeast Asian tsunami. At the moment of the tsunami disaster all the participants in this study, Indonesian International Students, were studying in Montreal Canada. The impetus behind this qualitative inquiry into the essential experience of trauma is the desire to bring the experience of distant survivors to the foreground; to recognize vicarious victims by listening for echoes in their narratives. The aim of this thesis is to (1) locate personal narratives in the context of collective grief, (2) detect the re-creation of that grief in subsequent generations. This project has been undertaken with the hope of determining ever more effective social work practices for today's survivors, and of sparking interest in trauma research for tomorrow's victims.

Studies of population trends in the Western world over the past fifty years indicate that the aged, that is, those persons over 65 years, have increased, as a group, both relatively and absolutely. This, in turn, has created a shift in the balance between dependants, i.e., those under 20 and those over 65, to the bread-winners, throwing a heavier burden on the earning population. These trends have had wide ramifications in our economic and social institutions, and have made research and planning imperative in the field of geriatrics.