Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Texas State University-San Marcos, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 122-130).

Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Deciphering patterns of intraspecies population genetic structuring in commercially important shark species is essential for an integrated fisheries management approach to conservation of regional biodiversity. The common smoothhound shark, Mustelus mustelus, is an overexploited, commercially and recreationally important shark species in South Africa. Considering the vulnerable status of the common smoothhound shark and due to very limited available genetic information, this study aimed to develop molecular markers, assess patterns of genetic diversity and population connectivity along the South African coast using multilocus data generated from 12 microsatellite markers and the mitochondrial gene, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (ND4). The cross-species amplification of microsatellites proved useful for genetic diversity and population genetic analysis of the common smoothhound shark. These microsatellites could aid in the molecular characterisation of other endemic and cosmopolitan species and provide valuable tools for the conservation of potentially threatened or exploited shark species. For the microsatellite data, moderate levels of genetic diversity based on the heterozygosity, allelic richness and haplotype diversity were found in a total of 144 individuals sampled across eight study populations. Estimates for pairwise population differentiation, F-statistics, AMOVA and factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) indicated significant genetic structure within and between west- and east coast populations. Additionally, Bayesian clustering analyses detected two putative ancestral gene pools, supporting the presence of a biogeographic barrier at the Cape Agulhas region and therefore genetic discontinuity between the Indian and Atlantic Ocean samples. On the contrary, mitochondrial data indicated that common smoothhound shark is genetically homogenous with substantial interoceanic gene flow. Such conflicting signals found between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mitonuclear discordance) can be attributed to a number of factors and could simply be due to the inherent differences in marker properties or an indication of sex biased dispersal. Despite an indication of an expanding common smoothhound shark population based on both marker types, a contemporary genetic bottleneck may have gone undetected as genetic divergence was very low in some of the study populations. Nonetheless, contemporary restriction to gene flow and historical demographics such as range expansion are proposed as the most likely forces explaining genetic structure in present-day common smoothhound sharks in South Africa. For future sustainable exploitation of common smoothhound shark, the possible existence of two genetically differentiated populations and observed asymmetric gene flow along the South African coast should be taken into consideration. It is also recommended that in the future further evaluations of finescale genetic structure and seasonal migration patterns in this commercially important species are conducted in order to allow integration of this knowledge into existing fisheries management practices. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die ontsyfering van patrone van intraspesie populasie genetiese struktuur in kommersieel belangrike haai spesies is noodsaaklik vir 'n geïntegreerde bestuursbenadering tot visserue en bewaring van plaaslike biodiversiteit. Die hondhaai, Mustelus mustelus, is 'n oorbenutte, kommersiële en sporthengelary belangrike haai spesie in Suid-Afrika. Met inagneming van die kwesbare status van die hondhaai en as gevolg van baie beperkte beskikbare genetiese inligting, het hierdie studie gepoog om molekulêre merkers te ontwikkel, asook om die patrone van genetiese diversiteit en populasie struktuur te ondersoek langs die Suid- Afrikaanse kus deur middel van multilokus data gegenereer uit 12 mikrosatelliet merkers en die mitokondriale geen, NADH dehidrogenase subeenheid 4 (ND4). Die kruis-spesie amplifisering van mikrosatelliete was nuttig vir genetiese diversiteit en populasie genetiese analise van die hondhaai. Hierdie mikrosatelliete kan moontlik help met die molekulêre karakterisering in ander inheemse en kosmopolitaanse spesies en kan as waardevolle hulpmiddels dien in die bewaring van potensieel bedreigde en oorbenutte haai spesies. Vir die mikrosatelliet data is matige vlakke van genetiese diversiteit gevind gebaseer op heterosigositeit, alleliese rykheid en haplotipe diversiteit gevind in 'n totaal van 144 individue getoets oor agt studie populasies. Skattings vir paarsgewyse populasie differensiasie, Fstatistieke, AMOVA en faktoriale ooreenstemming analise het betekenisvolle genetiese struktuur aangedui binne en tussen wes- en ooskus populasies. Daarbenewens, het Bayesian groepering analise twee potensiele voorvaderlike geenpoele waargeneem, ter ondersteuning van die teenwoordigheid van 'n biogeografiese versperring by die Cape Agulhas gebied en dus genetiese diskontinuïteit tussen die Indiese en Atlantiese Oseaan monsters. In teenstelling het die mitokondriale data aangedui dat hierdie haai spesie geneties homogeen is met aansienlike interoseaniese geenvloei. Sulke teenstrydige tekens tussen kern en mitokondriale DNS (mitokern onenigheid) kan toegeskryf word aan 'n aantal faktore en kan eenvoudig wees as gevolg van die inherente verskille in merker eienskappe of 'n aanduiding van geslags sydigeverspreiding. Ten spyte van 'n aanduiding van 'n groeiende hondhaai populasie gebaseer op beide merker tipes, kon 'n hedendaagse genetiese bottelnek onopgemerk gegaan het aangesien genetiese divergensie baie laag was in sommige van die studie populasies. Nietemin, hedendaagse restriksie van geenvloei en historiese demografie soos verbreding van reeks voorkoming word voorgestel as die mees waarskynlike dryfkragte wat genetiese struktuur in die hedendaagse hondhaaie in Suid-Afrika verduidelik. Vir toekomstige volhoubare benutting van die spesie, moet die moontlike bestaan van twee geneties verskillende populasies en waargenome asimmetriese geenvloei langs die Suid-Afrikaanse kus in ag geneem word. Vir die toekoms word dit ook aanbeveel dat verdere evaluerings van fyn-skaal genetiese struktuur en seisoenale migrasie patrone in hierdie kommersiël belangrike spesie uitgevoer word om die integrasie van hierdie kennis in die bestaande bestuur van visserye praktyke toe te laat. / National Research Foundation (NRF)

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / This study is based on the assumption that the under-five mortality rate, in recent decades, has declined, particularly in developing countries. However, all the social strata across many countries do not seem to benefit from this reduction of mortality - and mortality remains abnormally high among children especially those from underprivileged social strata. This research is, therefore, a holistic approach to analyse and quantify the inequalities of health among children under five in sub-Saharan Africa over the last two decades (1990-2010). The research sought to investigate the trend and determinants of health inequalities of under-five years (mortality and morbidity) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 1990 to 2010. An essential point has been devoted to the decomposition of effects and analysis of the contribution of the factors explaining these inequalities. The data used in the study come from Demographic and Heath Surveys (DHS) done between 1990 and 2015 in sub-Saharan Africa countries. In order to analyse the inequalities in trends of mortality and morbidity of children, different selected countries that have conducted at least three DHS during the 1990-2010 period. Several statistical methods were used for data analysis. There were four chapters which is prepared with an article style. For the first paper titled "Decomposing Inequalities in Under- Five Mortality in Selected African Countries", concentration index (CI) and Generalised Linear Model (GLM) with a logit link were used to analyse and measure under 5 mortality inequalities and the associated factors. This paper has been published in the Iranian Journal of Public Health. For the second paper titled "Determinants of Under-Five Mortality in Burkina Faso: A Concentration Dimension". The study used logistics regression and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method for the binary outcome to analyse data was involved. For data analysis of the third paper titled "Women Education, Health Inequalities in Under-Five Mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, 1990 – 2013", logistic regression and Bius's decomposition method were used to examine the effect of mother's education level on childhood mortality. In the fourth paper titled "Trends and Risk Factors for Childhood Diarrheal in sub-Saharan Countries (1990-2010): Assessing the Neighbourhood Inequalities", a multilevel logistic regression modelling was used to determine the fixed and random effects of the risk factors associated with the diarrheal morbidity. The work carried out during this on-going thesis helps to understand the magnitude of inequalities in under-five mortality in sub-Saharan countries. The findings showed that the contributing factors of inequalities of child mortality were birth order, maternal age, parity and household size. With regards to the relationship between mother's education level and inequalities in mortality of children under-five in sub-Saharan Africa, findings showed that children of mothers who did not attend school have a higher rate of death compared to those who had been to school. However, we have observed that the inequalities have narrowed over time. The results showed the risk factors of diarrheal morbidity varied from one country to another, but the main factors included: child's age, the size of the child at birth, the quality of the main floor material, mother's education and her occupation, type of toilet, and place of residence. In conclusion, the results of this study show that inequalities in under-five mortality are still important among different social strata in sub-Saharan Africa countries. It is then urgent to take actions to save the lives of children in disadvantaged social strata. / National Research Foundation

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:44:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 reisfilho_ap_dr_rcla.pdf: 4563398 bytes, checksum: 2f0a0afd098296735d67c687139172c9 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A questão central desta pesquisa envolve a análise da dinâmica sócio-demográfica e da qualidade de vida em São José do Rio Preto (SP), entre 1980 e 2008. A pesquisa teve como eixo de reflexão a relação entre as transformações econômicas e sociais, suas implicações na organização do espaço urbano e nos níveis de qualidade de vida, tanto em uma leitura regional quanto, especificamente, para a população riopretense. A tese encontra-se estruturada em três capítulos, além da introdução e considerações finais. O capítulo primeiro (com cinco sub-capítulos) inicia-se com a consideração de que o desenvolvimento econômico e social relaciona-se com as transformações espaciais. Buscou-se, ainda, avaliar uma nova dimensão resultante desta relação: a qualidade de vida. Os últimos sub-capítulos foram dedicados à discussão dos múltiplos conceitos de qualidade de vida, de acordo com o inventário bibliográfico da literatura não geográfica, com a identificação da forma pela qual esse conceito passou a ser construído dentro da literatura geográfica e, ainda, a análise sobre como a temática explicitou-se em estudos elaborados por Geógrafos. O segundo capítulo (com quatro sub-capítulos) teve como objetivo principal avaliar os processos que possibilitaram a criação do primeiro município da região estudada, que foi o de São José do Rio Preto. A partir desta avaliação, buscou-se evidenciar aspectos relevantes que se fizeram presentes nas mudanças e na conformação do espaço regional, ou seja, frutos da interação entre o homem e esse espaço e que implicaram em diferentes níveis de sua qualidade de vida. O terceiro capítulo, com cinco sub-capítulos, apresenta os aspectos que caracterizaram a construção do território e do espaço urbano riopretense. Principalmente aqueles que se relacionaram com a dinâmica demográfica e a qualidade de vida / This research focuses on the analysis of the social and demographic dynamics and the quality of life in São José do Rio Preto (SP) from 1980 to 2008. The research concerns about the relation between the economic and social changes, its implications to the organization of the urban space and to the levels of the population‟s quality of life. The thesis is developed in three chapters besides the introduction and the final remarks. The first chapter has five parts and it starts with the consideration that the economic and social development is related to the space changes. The quality of life which is a new dimension resulting of this relation was evaluated. The last parts were devoted to the discussion about the multiple concepts of the quality of life according to the bibliographic inventory of the non-geographical literature, as well as identifying the ways in which this concept has to be built within the geographical literature, and furthermore, the analysis of how the topic is explained in essays by geographers. The second chapter has four parts and its main goal is to evaluate the processes that allowed the formation of the first municipality in the region that was studied, which was São José do Rio Preto. From this assessment, relevant aspects that were present in the changes as well as in the conformation of the regional space were shown in order to prove the results of the interaction between the man and this space and such aspects implicated in different levels of quality of life. The third chapter has five parts and it shows the aspects that characterized the construction of the territory and the urban space in Rio Preto, mainly those aspects which are related to the demographic dynamics and the quality of life

Orientador: Odeibler Santo Guidugli / Banca: Solange T. Lima Guimarães / Banca: José Xaides de Sampaio Alves / Banca: Helena Carvalho de Lorenzo / Banca: Silvia Selingardi-Sampaio / Resumo: A questão central desta pesquisa envolve a análise da dinâmica sócio-demográfica e da qualidade de vida em São José do Rio Preto (SP), entre 1980 e 2008. A pesquisa teve como eixo de reflexão a relação entre as transformações econômicas e sociais, suas implicações na organização do espaço urbano e nos níveis de qualidade de vida, tanto em uma leitura regional quanto, especificamente, para a população riopretense. A tese encontra-se estruturada em três capítulos, além da introdução e considerações finais. O capítulo primeiro (com cinco sub-capítulos) inicia-se com a consideração de que o desenvolvimento econômico e social relaciona-se com as transformações espaciais. Buscou-se, ainda, avaliar uma nova dimensão resultante desta relação: a qualidade de vida. Os últimos sub-capítulos foram dedicados à discussão dos múltiplos conceitos de qualidade de vida, de acordo com o inventário bibliográfico da literatura não geográfica, com a identificação da forma pela qual esse conceito passou a ser construído dentro da literatura geográfica e, ainda, a análise sobre como a temática explicitou-se em estudos elaborados por Geógrafos. O segundo capítulo (com quatro sub-capítulos) teve como objetivo principal avaliar os processos que possibilitaram a criação do primeiro município da região estudada, que foi o de São José do Rio Preto. A partir desta avaliação, buscou-se evidenciar aspectos relevantes que se fizeram presentes nas mudanças e na conformação do espaço regional, ou seja, frutos da interação entre o homem e esse espaço e que implicaram em diferentes níveis de sua qualidade de vida. O terceiro capítulo, com cinco sub-capítulos, apresenta os aspectos que caracterizaram a construção do território e do espaço urbano riopretense. Principalmente aqueles que se relacionaram com a dinâmica demográfica e a qualidade de vida / Abstract: This research focuses on the analysis of the social and demographic dynamics and the quality of life in São José do Rio Preto (SP) from 1980 to 2008. The research concerns about the relation between the economic and social changes, its implications to the organization of the urban space and to the levels of the population‟s quality of life. The thesis is developed in three chapters besides the introduction and the final remarks. The first chapter has five parts and it starts with the consideration that the economic and social development is related to the space changes. The quality of life which is a new dimension resulting of this relation was evaluated. The last parts were devoted to the discussion about the multiple concepts of the quality of life according to the bibliographic inventory of the non-geographical literature, as well as identifying the ways in which this concept has to be built within the geographical literature, and furthermore, the analysis of how the topic is explained in essays by geographers. The second chapter has four parts and its main goal is to evaluate the processes that allowed the formation of the first municipality in the region that was studied, which was São José do Rio Preto. From this assessment, relevant aspects that were present in the changes as well as in the conformation of the regional space were shown in order to prove the results of the interaction between the man and this space and such aspects implicated in different levels of quality of life. The third chapter has five parts and it shows the aspects that characterized the construction of the territory and the urban space in Rio Preto, mainly those aspects which are related to the demographic dynamics and the quality of life / Doutor

Orientador: Dagmar de Paula Queluz / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T23:44:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Palhas_CassiaCristinaBorges_M.pdf: 611085 bytes, checksum: eedeb1c31e924263c3a72014332aa5cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar a prevalência dos agravos à saúde e sua relação com os fatores demográficos no município de Canitar/SP. A pesquisa consistiu de toda a população do município, cerca de 1431 residências com 4368 residentes. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário por meio de entrevistas domiciliares realizada pelo pesquisador e por 06 agentes comunitários de saúde da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Questionário baseado no formulário produzido pelo Ministério da Saúde, denominado Sistema de Informações de Atenção Básica, seguindo os padrões de indicadores da Organização Mundial da Saúde. O questionário foi estruturado com dez questões fechadas aplicadas nas residências, enfocando: aspectos demográficos (gênero, faixa etária, estado civil, religião, escolaridade) e os agravos à saúde e/ou doenças e/ou condição referida que atinjam as pessoas situadas por micro áreas. Após análise estatística descritiva e estimativa (teste qui-quadrado com um nível de 5% de significância), os resultados demonstraram que no município de Canitar/SP, há uma semelhança de proporção entre gênero feminino e masculino, com predominância de jovens (até 30 anos), solteiros, católicos e com baixa escolaridade (ensino fundamental incompleto). No município diversas doenças foram identificadas, sendo com prevalência mais alta os residentes com: 12,03% (n=490) deficiência visual (incluído todos os residentes que usam óculos); 11,02% (n=449) com hipertensão; 5,84% (n=238) com doenças respiratórias, sendo que o município é circunvizinho de plantações de cana-de-açúcar, tendo constantemente queima da cana e aviões aplicando veneno; e 3,81% (n=155) com diabetes. 75,61% (n= 3017) da população buscam atendimento médico na Unidade Básica de Saúde. Conclui-se que o município necessita intensificar as ações desenvolvidas nos projetos e programas voltados para as pessoas acima de 40 anos do gênero feminino, visto que a hipertensão arterial, deficiências visuais e diabetes, acometem mais essa faixa etária e gênero, enquanto a doença respiratória não esta associada com gênero e em relação a faixa etária apresenta na faixa etária mais nova e mais velha. Porém há necessidade de desenvolver programas de promoção e prevenção para as faixas etárias anteriores, para prevenir futuros acometimentos pelas patologias. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário cada vez mais investir em promoção e prevenção de saúde visando uma melhora na qualidade de vida da população / Abstract: This research aims to identify the prevalence of health problems and their relation to demographics in the city of Canitar/SP. The research was done in the total population of the municipality, about 1431 households with 4368 residents. For data collection a questionnaire was used by means of interviews conducted by 01 researcher and 06 community health workers of the Family Health Strategy. Questionnaire based on the form produced by the Ministry of Health, called the Information System of Primary Care, following the patterns of indicators of the World Health Organization The questionnaire was structured with ten closed questions applied in homes, focusing on: demographics (gender, age, marital status, religion, education) and health problems and/or diseases and/or condition that they reach people at the micro areas. After descriptive statistical analysis and estimation (chi-square with a 5% level of significance), the results showed that the city of Canitar / SP, there is a similarity ratio between female and male, predominantly young (up to 30 years), unmarried, Catholic, and with lower education (elementary school). In the city several diseases have been identified, with prevalence being higher in residents: 12.03% (n=490) visual impairments (included all residents who wear glasses) 11.02% (n=449) with hypertension; 5.84% (n=238) with respiratory diseases, and the municipality is surrounding plantation cane sugar, with sugar cane burning constantly and planes applying poison, and 3.81% (n=155) with diabetes. 75.61% (n=3017) of the population seek medical care in the Basic Health. We conclude that the district needs to intensify actions developed in the projects and programs for people over 40 years female, whereas hypertension, visual impairment and diabetes, affect more the age and gender as respiratory disease is not associated with gender and age in relation to features in the age group younger and older. But there is need to develop prevention and promotion programs for ages past, to prevent future bouts by pathologies. Thus, it is increasingly necessary to invest in health promotion and disease prevention aimed at an improved quality of life / Mestrado / Odontologia em Saude Coletiva / Mestre em Odontologia em Saúde Coletiva

Background: People who are religiously unaffiliated (including self-identifying atheists and agnostics, as well as those who say their religion is "nothing in particular") made up 16.4% of the world's population in 2010. Unaffiliated populations have been growing in North America and Europe, leading some to expect that this group will grow as a share of the world's population. However, such forecasts overlook the impact of demographic factors, such as fertility and the large, aging unaffiliated population in Asia. Objective: We project the future size of religiously affiliated and unaffiliated populations around the world. Methods: We use multistate cohort-component methods to project the size of religiously affiliated and unaffiliated populations. Projection inputs such as religious composition, differential fertility, and age structure data, as well as religious switching patterns, are based on the best available census and survey data for each country. This research is based on an analysis of more than 2,500 data sources. Results: Taking demographic factors into account, we project that the unaffiliated will make up 13.2% of the world's population in 2050. The median age of religiously affiliated women is six years younger than unaffiliated women. The 2010-15 Total Fertility Rate for those with a religious affiliation is 2.59 children per woman, nearly a full child higher than the rate for the unaffiliated (1.65 children per woman). Conclusions: The religiously unaffiliated are projected to decline as a share of the world's population in the decades ahead because their net growth through religious switching will be more than offset by higher childbearing among the younger affiliated population.

D.Phil. / Civil society organisations have and will be mentioned as partners, agents and autochthonous actors of social security. This has come about through advances in insurance products, through the kinds of social action engaged in by civil society organisations, and through the devolution of state power to citizens and civil society organisations. Rights to social security are decisively affected by the use of civil society organisations in the social policy field, and the implications of this use are investigated. This reality of the changing nature of social action needs to be brought to bear on human rights, if rights are to respond adequately to the concerns of injustice, inequality and poverty today. The thesis develops a framework within which civil society-based action could be made rights-based and justiciable, and which could guard against the retrogressive substitution of state action by civil society-based activity. Civil society-based action can be seen as upholding rights if it conforms to the fundamental requirements of human rights. These fundamental requirements derive from a performative conception of rights that sees the individual as subject of rights and as the fundamental actor of rights. This view of rights sees rights as dependent on the abilities and volition of all in society, and is presented as an alternative to a realist view of rights, as well as a view of rights as derived from basic human functionings. The intersection of this view of rights, the reality of non-state action for rights, and the legal discourse around socio-economic rights is the central problem that this thesis addresses. The legal discourse has only partially recognised this form of social action, and this thesis proposes a framework within which we may interpret and assess whether civil society action is indeed conducive to the realisation of rights. This framework includes democratic norms for conduct inside civil society organisations, for the interaction between civil society organisations and other actors, like the state and market, and also delineates the role of the court in this performative conception of rights. These interactions will shape the content, and nature of socio-economic rights, and here these insights are made applicable to the right to have access to social security in South Africa. The thesis discusses the suitability of South African civil society for this normative programme developed here. I analyse South African civil society, its historical role in transformation, in the current context, and its place in social and economic policy. There are ample opportunities for participation by civil society organisations in the further reform of the social security system. The realisation of novel ways to realise the right to have access to social security through civil society organisations for South Africans would depend on clarity on how civil society organisations could contribute to the enjoyment, realisation and performance of this right. The framework of accountability developed here has precedents and roots in law, civil society theory and in the discourse of social security. I analyse each, and I show how the social security discourse has incorporated civil society organisations in its historical development. Currently, it is a leading avenue for the further development of this discourse. However, this possibility – which intersects with the discourse of civil society – would depend on civil society being able to realise normative ends in its interaction with wider society. To gain clarity on this I analyse the civil society discourse, and critically point out problems that could stand in the way of this normative project. However, theorists of civil society have emphasised how this problem can be overcome; I draw on these writings to substantiate and legitimate the framework of accountability developed earlier. The realisation of this framework of accountability and action would enable civil society organisations to realise normative ends in society, and thus contribute to the realisation of rights. This vision of how rights could be realised is also discussed from a legal point of view, and I point out the features of the legal discourse that would support my thesis. The central objective of the thesis is to show that the South African constitution can support this reading of rights and the place of civil society action in its realisation.

Magister Public Health - MPH / Ethiopia has achieved its target for Millennium Development Goal 4 by recording 69 %reduction in its under-five mortality. The proportion of fully immunized children in Ethiopia has increased from 14 % in 2000 to 24 % in 2011. Though progress has been made, about 3 out of 4 children still remain incompletely immunized. The purpose of this study is to determine the socio-demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with incomplete immunization among children aged 12-23 months in Ethiopia. This study is based on secondary analysis of the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. Information on 1,889 mothers of children aged 12–23 months were extracted from the children dataset. Records from vaccination cards and mothers’ self-reported data were used to determine vaccine coverage. The association between child immunization status and determinants of non-utilization of immunization services was assessed using bivariate and multivariate analyses. The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of incompletely immunized children is 70.9%. Children of mothers from the poor (AOR = 2.27; 95 % CI: 1.34 – 3.82) wealth quintile were more likely to be incompletely immunized. Children of mothers from Affar (AOR = 15.80; 95 % CI: 7.12 – 35.03), Amhara (AOR = 4.27; 95 %CI: 2.31 – 7.88), Oromiya (AOR = 8.10; 95 % CI: 4.60 – 14.25), Somali (AOR = 4.91;95 % CI: 2.65 – 9.10), Benishangul-Gumuz (AOR = 4.20; 95% CI: 2.34 – 7.57),Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples’ (AOR = 4.76; 95 % CI: 2.53 – 8.94), Gambela (AOR = 7.75; 95 % CI: 3.68 – 16.30) and Harari (AOR = 3.22; 95 % CI: 1.77 –5.89) regions were more likely to be incompletely immunized. Mothers with inadequate exposure to media (AOR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.21 – 2.14), who are not aware of community conversation programme (AOR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.40 – 2.32) and who attended no antenatal care (AOR = 2.21; 95% CI: 1.72 – 2.83) were more likely to have incompletely immunized children. Despite efforts to increase rates of childhood immunization, the proportion of children with incomplete immunization in Ethiopia is considerably high. Therefore, targeted interventions at the identified socio-demographic factors are needed to increase immunization rates.