This thesis describes the events leading up to the capture of Atlanta by the Union army during the Civil War.

Starting in the early 2000s, a number of U.S. communities have adopted "zero waste" commitments to reduce waste as much as possible through recycling, composting, and other means. Little in-depth information exists about the impetus for or efficacy of these efforts. The author sought to build knowledge on the topic by conducting case studies of two communities: the zero waste efforts of Boulder, Colorado, and the Zero Waste Zones established in Atlanta. The two cases presented an interesting contrast, in terms of sector driving zero waste: public in Boulder, and private in Atlanta. The study aimed to use the experiences of these two communities, supplemented with background research on materials management and application of relevant theory, to develop a set of considerations for more informed pursuit of zero waste. The author gathered qualitative data by conducting unstructured interviews of the actors involved with the zero waste efforts in Boulder and Atlanta. Interview questions concerned, e.g., zero waste goals and plans, the impacts of zero waste on the business or organization, and influential individuals or organizations. The study produced the following set of considerations: Definition of waste determines priorities and impacts of zero waste efforts; responsibility for waste arbitrarily resides with consumers and local government instead of producers; the private, public, and nonprofit sectors each play important roles in waste reduction; local government should not bear the full burden of materials management; and state and federal government can offer useful policy tools to advance zero waste. / Master of Urban and Regional Planning

Individuals with a criminal background face several barriers to securing employment, one of which is the reluctance of hiring managers to extend employment offers to them. African American ex-offenders are disproportionately affected by these barriers. The purpose of this study was to examine the attitudes of hiring managers in a metropolitan area in the Southern United States and to identify the factors that influence the hiring decisions of ex-offenders. A descriptive study design was used to explore whether type of criminal offense, length of crime, or race of offender affect a hiring manager'€™s decision to hire an ex-felon. The disparate impact of discrimination theory served as the theoretical framework. Data were collected from a nonrandom, purposive sample of 376 current and former hiring managers and HR professionals who make hiring decisions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Study findings revealed 53% of respondents said they would not hire a person with a felony conviction, which supports the claim that a person'€™s criminal background does play a role in whether an employer extends an employment offer. The findings of this study may provide guidance to legislators in developing or amending hiring laws to better facilitate the reintegration of people with felony criminal backgrounds. Such action may engender positive social change through the reduction of criminal activity in urban areas, gains in the economy, improved public safety, more stable neighborhoods, and a decrease in the cost of housing offenders. Moreover, positive social change may occur when offenders do not recidivate because the state will not have to spend funds on incarceration.

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Thesis (M.M.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-01

Although the duties of Artistic Directors of not-for-profit regional theatres in the United States are similar, the job description varies according to the management structure, mission of the theatre, and personal style of the individual holding the job. This thesis serves as a report and a subjective overview of an observership with Fred Chappell, Artistic Director of The Alliance Theatre Company/Atlanta Children's Theatre; David Head, Artistic Director of the Theatrical Outfit; and Frank Wittow, Artistic Director of The Academy Theatre. Each chapter contains: (1) a brief history and description of each theatre company; (2) the mission statement of each theatre; (3) biographical information regarding each Artistic Director; and (4) a subjective overview of the observation at each theatre. Complete transcripts of the interviews are included in Appendices A, B, and C of this thesis. / Master of Fine Arts

With the advent of the rifled musket onto Civil War battlefields, the ability of a soldier on the defense to kill his attacking enemy rose dramatically. The former standard weapon had been the smoothbore musket. Such smoothbores had a maximum effective range of seventy-five meters. The new standard weapon, the rifled musket, had an effective range of 300 meters. Defenders, armed with this new weapon, could put attacking enemy soldiers under killing fire at a far greater range that ever before possible. Using the rifled muskets, defenders exacted punishing tolls before attackers closed within bayonet range for the close combat that furnished the cornerstone of contemporary tactical planning. As they made their tactical plans, commanders in the American Civil War seemed to ignore this deadly technological innovation, and Lee, Bragg, Burnside, Hood, Pope, and Jackson make a list of the worst offenders. They continued frontal assaults, assaults that brought their men directly under fire from the rifled musket. Bloody Civil War battles offer a litany of failed assaults: Manassas, Shiloh, Malvern Hill, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, and Cold Harbor. Where frontal assaults succeeded, the costs in soldiers’ lives were staggering. As casualties mounted astronomically, Civil War commanders must have realized that something was wrong on the battlefield. Yet, these commanders, with one important exception, rarely varied their battlefield tactics. Only one commander gave evidence of understanding the deadly message of the rifled musket, and the failure of Civil War tactics to silence or mute that message, Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman. This thesis examines that understanding and provides Sherman’s rationale for changing contemporary battlefield maneuvers. Sherman came to the conclusion that the tactics of the day could not defeat a defense armed with rifled muskets, so he changed the battlefield rules. In doing so, he defeated a determined and aggressive foe, inflicted more casualties on his enemy than his forces sustained, split the Deep South asunder, and hastened the end of the Civil War. / Master of Arts

This article is concerned with the reapplication of procedures used by Mr. Wade D. Burns in his West End Restoration Project in other inner-city reviving and borderline neighborhoods. Besides a basic historical account, it includes an article written by Sheila Ochner about West End for publication, a descriptive outline requested by the mayor's office and a paper dealing with gentrification, a controversial evolution brought on by the revitalization process. / Master of Architecture

This research is intended to serve as an in-depth analysis of air pollution patterns and monitoring networks in the Atlanta area. A ten year database of carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ozone (O3), and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) measurements at 17 monitoring stations across the Atlanta area was developed for use in this research. Temporal profiles of air pollutants are analyzed and described. Several factors are identified that impact these profiles, including changes in emissions, meteorology, and photochemistry. Most sites exhibited decreasing annual average concentrations during the study period, with the exception of O3 and NOx, both of which initially increased and then decreased. CO, NOx, and SO2 all have the lowest concentrations in the summer months, while O3 and PM2.5 are highest in the summer months. CO, NOx, and SO2 are also slightly lower on the weekends. CO and NOx have peak daily concentrations at rush hour, while O3 and SO2 peak in the afternoon hours. Instrument error was evaluated through audit and calibration data and collocated data. Collocated data is assumed to be a more accurate representation of instrument error; the percent error calculated using collocated data is much higher than that calculated using audit data. Percent errors were similar for all pollutants using audit and calibration data (2-4%) and were similar for all concentration ranges. Percent errors using collocated data were several times larger. Semivariogram plots are developed to quantify spatial variation of air pollutants. These plots can be interpreted to give the fraction of temporal variation in a pollutant that is actually due to spatial variation. As expected, primary pollutants have higher spatial variation than secondary pollutants. Population weighted averages of the semivariogram function are developed to give a level of uncertainty for a pollutant across the study area. Pollution rose plots are developed to qualitatively examine local sources that are impacting the monitoring sites used in this research. Point sources are easily identified in SO2 plots, as are mobile sources in CO and NOx plots. Pollution roses are also corrected for time of day and season to eliminate false sources.

In March 1960, Atlanta University Center students began a nonviolent direct action protest campaign designed to break down racial segregation in lunch counters and other public facilities in downtown Atlanta. The students' efforts had an effect within the Center from which their protests emanated. This thesis is an effort to study those effects, The approach in doing so is intrainstitutional as well as intraracial. The areas discussed are the students' organization, their efforts to take care of academic responsibilities while protesting, and the pressures between them and their parents, faculty, and college presidents. The method of the thesis is that of oral history and major sources used in the research were fifteen oral interviews conducted in 1978 and 1979.