Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1997. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [115]-122).

Thesis (M.C.R.P.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2010. / Mode of access: Internet. Title from PDF title page; viewed on April 13, 2010. Major professor: Cornelius Nuworsoo, Ph.D., AICP. "Presented to the faculty of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo." "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree [of] Master of City and Regional Planning in College of Architecture." "March 2010." Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-60).

Honors Project--Smith College, Northampton, Mass., 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-74).

Thesis (Ph. D.)-- University of California, Berkeley, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 46-47). Also available online via the University of California eLibrary website (http://repositories.cdlib.org/).

No description available.

Traffic congestion (TC) is a complex issue having an adverse impact on the environment, business operations and health. Many cities are taking action to curb it. Corporations have increasingly engaged in corporate social responsibility (CSR) actions. Using corporations headquartered in the top-rated traffic congested cities in the United States, this study examines the relationship between TC and CSR. The quantitative research employed a general linear model with two datasets, traffic speed data and CSRHub ratings. The speed data was used to calculate travel time index (TTI), a measure of TC. Using Atlanta BeltLine Inc. as a case study, a phenomenological thematic approach was utilized to assess stakeholders’ viewpoints of congestion mitigation efforts in Atlanta, GA. This study adds to research on CSR by examining the effects that CSR actions have on a specific local event, e.g., TC. In addition, research reflecting on the impact of CSR on TC has not been conducted. This study aims to fill this gap. Of the four areas of CSR studied in the quantitative phase, the community, environment, and governance ratings are significantly related to TTI, with community and environment having an inverse relationship to TTI. The qualitative study showed that stakeholders struggle with TC, and that the relationship between CSR and TC is not obvious to them. This quantitative study was conducted on eighteen top-rated congested cities. Further study on other major congested cities may shed more light on CSR and TC. A future qualitative analysis can explore the viewpoint of city government. Findings in this study are expected to be a leverage point for public-private TC mitigation and to inform policies that incorporate TC reduction as a CSR indicator. Although the quantitative analysis showed that a relationship exists between CSR and TC, the literature and DOT reports revealed increased and continuous congestion in these cities. The case study of the ABI project in the qualitative research indicated that TC is an area where CSR can have a major local impact. Some corporate respondents acknowledged that TC has a business cost, however no serious steps are taken to tackle TC.

A major cause of congestion in queuing situations, that is of immoderate waits and lengthening queues, is often the assumed independence of the arrival and service mechanisms. This dissertation is concerned with single server "correlated" models, defined to be such that either the service mechanism is somehow tailored to the arrival pattern, or vice versa. The greatest attention is given to a particular model in which the service time allotted to the nth arrival is λ Tn , where λ is a non-time dependent constant and numerically has the value of congestion index, and Tn is the interval between the (n-l)th and the nth arrivals which, it is important to note, could be observed by the server before service is initiated. It is shown that the effect of the correlation mechanism is to reduce congestion under a given level of traffic intensity, as compared with single server systems in which arrivals and service are independent. This result is achieved without inflicting on the service facility the penalty of increased periods of idleness. The particular model is a queuing interpretation of a stochastic-kinematic situation studied by B. W. Conolly in connection with a military tactical analysis. The dissertation is divided into two parts. Part I develops the theory of the main model with particular reference to state probabilities, waiting time, busy period, and output. Some consideration is also give to a related model where service depends on the arrival pattern, and to what is referred to as the "dual" problem in which the arrival mechanism is geared to service capability. Further, the state probabilities at arrival epochs for a conventional M/M/l queue are obtained by employing a simple probabilistic argument. This is needed for Part II. Part II applies the theory to give a practical comparison of the correlation mechanism with the elementary "independent" single server queues M/M/I, M/D/l and D/M/l; and it is shown in detail that the practical result referred to above is achieved. The superiority of the correlation mechanism increases with traffic intensity. State probability, busy period and output comparisons are made only with the M/M/l system. The main conclusions are found to extend also to these processes. It is concluded that, where its application is practicable, a mechanism of correlation can achieve important gains in efficiency. / Ph. D.

This discussion develops an approach for using fractal geometry and diffusion limited aggregation to describe highway traffic flow. The formulation is platoon based and is most applicable for describing uninterrupted-flow facilities. The model explains empirical models in terms of fractal dimensions. The concepts of change in length of a platoon and a discrete spacing unit are described for the first time in this paper. Boundary values of various fractal dimensions are calculated for different HCM freeway LOS designations. A state of flow equation established in the model represents both microscopic and macroscopic aspects of a traffic stream. Using the same traffic flow model, recurring and nonrecurring types of congestion were quantified. A congestion evaluation index was developed to address the two types of congestion which can also be used as an performance-measure in monitoring a Congestion Management System (CMS). A few ideas were suggested for quantifying indirect benefits of CMS and furthering the present research trend. / Master of Science

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-58).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-58). Also available in print.