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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Preparação, caracterização e avaliação da biodegradabilidade de blendas de amido/quitosana/PVA / Preparation, characterization and evaluation of the biodegradation of blends of films/chitosan/PVA

Gomes, Anida 05 May 2008 (has links)
GOMES, A.M.M. Preparação, caracterização e avaliação da biodegradabilidade de blendas de amido/quitosana/PVA. 2008. 175 f. Tese (Doutorado em Quimica Inorgânica) – Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2008. / Submitted by irlana araujo (irlanaaraujo@gmail.com) on 2011-11-09T16:46:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_tes_An Gomes.pdf: 8411527 bytes, checksum: d35563bda024138e52e8d733c8256fb2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Nascimento(vieiraaline@yahoo.com.br) on 2011-11-11T11:08:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_tes_An Gomes.pdf: 8411527 bytes, checksum: d35563bda024138e52e8d733c8256fb2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-11-11T11:08:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_tes_An Gomes.pdf: 8411527 bytes, checksum: d35563bda024138e52e8d733c8256fb2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-05 / The objectives of this work were to develop, characterize physico-chemical and rheologicaly blend films of yam (Dioscorea esculenta L.), jalapa (Operculina tuberose Meisn.), taro (Colocassia esculenta L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) starches with chitosan and poly (ninyl alcohol) (PVA) and to evaluate its biodegradation in the soil. The mechanical properties of the starches varied to each other, indicating a different molecular organization among them. The films of bean atarch were the most expandable and resistant, while the ones of chinese yam were the most fragile and brittle. The analyses of FT-IR revealed certain interaction among the three components which can be verified by the improvements in the mechanical properties, solubility in water and the water vapor permeability of blends. The characteristics presented by the blend films showed that from the technological point of view they were inferior to the commercial films (LDPE) and inadequate for packing of humid products, but they can be useful in another applications. However from the ecological point of view, these materials were better than the synthetic films, because they were quickly degraded in the soil. The blends presented potential to be used in medical applications as wound healing in drug delivery, however is needed more studies for improvements of those characteristics. The jalapa and cowpea starches showed similar or superior characteristics to the yam, what place them as alternative in the elaboration of starch biofilms. / Os objetivos deste trabalho foram desenvolver, caracterizar físico-química e reologicamente blendas de amido de inhame (Dioscorea esculenta L.), jalapa (Operculina tuberosa Meisn.), cará chinesa (Colocassia esculenta L.) e feijão verde (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) com quitosana e PVA e avaliar sua biodegradação no solo. As propriedades mecânicas dos amidos variaram entre si, indicando uma organização molecular diferente entre eles. Os filmes de amido de feijão foram os mais extensíveis e resistentes, enquanto os de cará chinesa foram os mais frágeis e quebradiços. A adição de PVA e quitosana na mesma proporção melhorou as características das blendas, principalmente quando o teor de amido foi baixo. As análises de FT-IR revelaram certa interação entre os três componentes o que pode ser verificado com as melhorias nas propriedades mecânicas do material. A solubilidade em água e a permeabilidade ao vapor d’água foram melhoradas pela adição de quitosana e PVA. As características apresentadas pelos filmes mostraram que do ponto de vista tecnológico apresentaram desempenho inferiores aos filmes comerciais (PEBD) e inadequados para embalagem de produtos úmidos, mas podem ser úteis em outras aplicações. Entretanto do ponto de vista ecológico, estes materiais mostraram-se muito superiores aos filmes sintéticos, pois degradaram rapidamente no solo. As blendas apresentaram potencial para serem usados em aplicações médicas como curativos e na liberação controlada de fármacos, porém necessita-se de mais estudos para melhorias dessas características. Os amidos de jalapa e feijão verde apresentaram desempenho similar ou superior as do inhame, colocando-se como alternativa na elaboração de biofilmes de amido.
2

Methods to create and characteristics of porous poly(vinyl) alcohol for the purpose of facial implants

Bernhard, Kathleen C. 12 January 2015 (has links)
Facial implants are becoming more common in America and across the world. In the United States last year, over 260,000 augmentation and reconstruction surgeries were performed on facial cartilage areas, while over two million soft tissue fillers were administered. The current implants on the market, though, are deficient in three major areas: they are too rigid, susceptible to migration, and require a large incision. Alternatively, dermal fillers lack shape and biodegrade too quickly. Poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA) cryogel is a promising hydrogel alternative due to its softness, durable nature and ease of cast molding. While biocompatible, it does not elicit a fibrous response with firm adhesion and could migrate. The goal of this study is to develop a biodurable implant material that has soft-tissue elasticity, pores for adhesion, and swelling for small incisions. In this research, multiple porosity inducing methods are applied to PVA cryogel. These include a casting PVA cryogel over a porogen then leaching it in a solvent, a gaseous exothermic reaction, creating composites with biodegradable components, as well as using molds to alter the surface texture. Once created, the samples then underwent a series of tests to determine their mechanical properties which include elasticity, tensile strength, elongation, tear strength, pore size, and porosity. Swelling ratio of nonporous PVA cryogel was also considered. Porous PVA cryogel made with a high PVA weight percentage (30%) showed equivalent mechanical properties to that of cartilage. Porous PVA cryogel manufactured with a lower weight percent (10% and 20%) were shown to have similar elastic properties to that of adipose tissue. The surface texture methods, gas method, casting and leaching method, and composites made with CaPO4 and chitosan were all shown to create pores large enough for ingrowth. Samples created with a porosity large enough to encourage ingrowth include the gas method, casting and leaching method, and the CaPO4 composites. The swelling ratio was shown to increase as the weight percentage of PVA in the samples decreased. These quantified characteristics can be used to select the appropriate porous PVA cryogel required for a range of applications including facial implants.
3

Estudo comparativo de colágeno hidrolisado e comercial com adição de PVA / Comparative study of commercial and anionic collagen blended with PVA

Pedroso, Maitê Golinelli Vanella 23 October 2009 (has links)
O desenvolvimento de novos materiais tem sido baseado na mistura de dois ou mais polímeros ou biopolímeros, onde soluções destes são misturadas em diferentes proporções na tentativa de se obter materiais com propriedades distintas das de seus precursores. Neste trabalho foram analisadas blendas colágeno:PVA. O colágeno utilizado foi o tipo I, porem proveniente de duas formas diferentes, o colágeno comercial que foi cedido pela Novaprom Food Ingredients Ltda e o colágeno obtido a partir de tendão bovino por meio de hidrólise alcalina em diferentes tempos (24h e 96h). As blendas e os colágenos foram caracterizados por análise térmica (DTG e DSC), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de absorção no infravermelho (FT-IR) e analises reológicas. As curvas DSC mostraram que o colágeno comercial é o de maior temperatura de desnaturação e que a adição de PVA não altera essa temperatura. Já as curvas TG mostraram que o PVA, seja qual for sua massa molecular, aumenta a estabilidade térmica do colágeno. A microscopia eletrônica mostrou que os colágenos com tratamento alcalino apresentam uma estrutura fibrilar e pouco desorganizada, enquanto o colágeno comercial apresenta uma estrutura uma pouco mais compacta. Através do FT-IR foi possível observar que a presença de PVA nas blendas não influencia na presença dos picos, sugerindo que não há interação química entre os mesmos. A análise reológica permitiu comparar os módulos elástico (G\') e viscoso (G\") dos géis em diferentes proporções, tendo todos eles valores de G\' maior do que G\", ou seja, podemos concluir que os materiais são mais elásticos do que viscosos. Observa-se também a influência na viscosidade dos géis com a adição de PVA ao mesmo, sendo a viscosidade maior com o aumento da massa de PVA adicionado. / The development of new materials has been based on the mix of two or more polymers or biopolymers where solutions are mixed in different portions trying to get materials with distinct properties from their precursors. In this work different collagen solutions and collagen-PVA blends were analyzed. The used collagen was the type I, however obtained from two different forms, the commercial collagen that was provided by Novaprom Food Ingredients Ltda and the collagen obtained from bovine tendon by alkaline hydrolysis in different times (24h and 96h). The blends and collagen were characterized by thermal analysis (DTG and DSC), electronic scan microscopy (ESM), infrared absorption spectroscopy (FT-IR) and rheological analysis. DSC curves showed that the commercial collagen has the highest denaturing temperature and that the addition of PVA does not change this temperature. In other hand, TG curves showed that PVA, in any given molecular weight, increases collagen thermal stability. Electronic microscopy shows that collagen with alkali treatment have a fibrillar and little disorganized structure, insofar, the commercial collagen have a little more compact structure. By FT-IR it was to possible observe that the presence of PVA on blends have no influence on the peaks, suggesting that there is no chemical interaction between then. Rheological analysis allow to compare the elastic module (G\') and the viscous module (G\'\') from blends in different proportions. All the obtained values for G\' are higher than G\'\', so it can be conclude that samples are more elastic than viscous.
4

Implantation et évaluation de micro-implants vasculaires (< 2mm), à base d’alcool polyvinylique / Non communiqué

Atlan, Michaël 21 January 2016 (has links)
Sur la base de précédents travaux de l’unité INSERM 1148, sur des films à base d’alcool polyvinylique, nous avons implanté et évalué des prothèses de moins de 2mm de diamètre. L’ajout de gelatine in vitro a montré des capacités d’adhérence cellulaires, compatibles avec une endothelialisation in situ, des implants garant, d’une perméabilité à long terme. Notre modèle était le remplacement de 1cm d’aorte sous rénale de rat. Ces implants, ont été utilisées comme modèle d’entrainement basse fidélité à la microchirurgie, avec de meilleurs résultats sur l’acquisition de la technique d’anastomose microchirurgicale, que les tubes en silicone antérieurement utilisé, lors de l’enseignement chez 71 étudiants. Un nouveau moyen d’imagerie pour l’exploration vasculaire par angiographie par résonance magnétique, en temps de vol sans injection chez l’animal, et la première application chez l’homme sont rapportés. Apres avoir présenté notre methode de fabrication par reticulation physique (Lyophilisation Congelation) et chimique (STMP) Cdu PVA, directement sous forme de tubes, nous avons confirmé l’hypothèse que les micro implants à base de PVA associé à la gélatine à hauteur de 1%, a permis d’améliorer la perméabilité par rapport au PVA seul, ou à tout autre ratio de gélatine ; et ce grâce à une endothélisation in situ constatées histologiquement. Les performances biomécaniques de l’implant ont aussi étaient évaluées. Au delà de 2 mois la perméabilité chute de 75% à 50%. Le vieillissement du matériel par son enraidissement, et le relargage de la gélatine pourrait expliquer cette diminution des performances au cours du temps. / Non communiqué
5

Estudo comparativo de colágeno hidrolisado e comercial com adição de PVA / Comparative study of commercial and anionic collagen blended with PVA

Maitê Golinelli Vanella Pedroso 23 October 2009 (has links)
O desenvolvimento de novos materiais tem sido baseado na mistura de dois ou mais polímeros ou biopolímeros, onde soluções destes são misturadas em diferentes proporções na tentativa de se obter materiais com propriedades distintas das de seus precursores. Neste trabalho foram analisadas blendas colágeno:PVA. O colágeno utilizado foi o tipo I, porem proveniente de duas formas diferentes, o colágeno comercial que foi cedido pela Novaprom Food Ingredients Ltda e o colágeno obtido a partir de tendão bovino por meio de hidrólise alcalina em diferentes tempos (24h e 96h). As blendas e os colágenos foram caracterizados por análise térmica (DTG e DSC), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de absorção no infravermelho (FT-IR) e analises reológicas. As curvas DSC mostraram que o colágeno comercial é o de maior temperatura de desnaturação e que a adição de PVA não altera essa temperatura. Já as curvas TG mostraram que o PVA, seja qual for sua massa molecular, aumenta a estabilidade térmica do colágeno. A microscopia eletrônica mostrou que os colágenos com tratamento alcalino apresentam uma estrutura fibrilar e pouco desorganizada, enquanto o colágeno comercial apresenta uma estrutura uma pouco mais compacta. Através do FT-IR foi possível observar que a presença de PVA nas blendas não influencia na presença dos picos, sugerindo que não há interação química entre os mesmos. A análise reológica permitiu comparar os módulos elástico (G\') e viscoso (G\") dos géis em diferentes proporções, tendo todos eles valores de G\' maior do que G\", ou seja, podemos concluir que os materiais são mais elásticos do que viscosos. Observa-se também a influência na viscosidade dos géis com a adição de PVA ao mesmo, sendo a viscosidade maior com o aumento da massa de PVA adicionado. / The development of new materials has been based on the mix of two or more polymers or biopolymers where solutions are mixed in different portions trying to get materials with distinct properties from their precursors. In this work different collagen solutions and collagen-PVA blends were analyzed. The used collagen was the type I, however obtained from two different forms, the commercial collagen that was provided by Novaprom Food Ingredients Ltda and the collagen obtained from bovine tendon by alkaline hydrolysis in different times (24h and 96h). The blends and collagen were characterized by thermal analysis (DTG and DSC), electronic scan microscopy (ESM), infrared absorption spectroscopy (FT-IR) and rheological analysis. DSC curves showed that the commercial collagen has the highest denaturing temperature and that the addition of PVA does not change this temperature. In other hand, TG curves showed that PVA, in any given molecular weight, increases collagen thermal stability. Electronic microscopy shows that collagen with alkali treatment have a fibrillar and little disorganized structure, insofar, the commercial collagen have a little more compact structure. By FT-IR it was to possible observe that the presence of PVA on blends have no influence on the peaks, suggesting that there is no chemical interaction between then. Rheological analysis allow to compare the elastic module (G\') and the viscous module (G\'\') from blends in different proportions. All the obtained values for G\' are higher than G\'\', so it can be conclude that samples are more elastic than viscous.
6

Properties and Structure analysis of Polyvinylalcohol-Clay Nanocomposites

Chou, Hong-long 23 June 2000 (has links)
none
7

Strukturní a transportní vlastnosti semi-IPN hydrogelů na bázi polyvinylalkoholu / Structure and Transport Properties of Semi-IPN Hydrogels Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol

Dobiášová, Andrea January 2021 (has links)
The aim of master thesis was to study structural and transport properties of PVA films modified with method of semi-IPN with suitable polyectrolytes and plasticizers. The first important step was optimalization of PVA films preparation, when time of heating was set at 90 °C for 1 hour. Drying was set at 50 °C for 24 hours. Molecular weight of PVA was chosen 85–124 kDa in concentration 10 wt.%. For preparation of PVA-based semi-IPN thin films polyelectrolytes (polyglutamic acid, DEAE-dextran hydrochloride) and plasticizer (glycerol) were selected. Basic characterization of prepared materials was performed with FTIR, TGA, SEM and specific surface analysis. The difference between modified PVA films was in the chargé of individual functional groups carried by used polyelectrolytes. Surfaces of all the PVA films were smooth without visible defects. Transport properties were characterized with the method of horizontal diffusion cell with methylen blue used as a probe. Diffusion coefficients of methylen blue through PVA films were determined. It was found, that the fastest pass was throw PVA film without additives. The slowest diffusion was observed through PVA/DEAE-dextran film, because of the same charge of the film with a probe. PVA/PGA reacted with methylen blue to form a complex. Plasticizer effect on the diffusion was only minor; it caused a slight decrease of diffusion coefficient. These films were easier to handle.
8

Estudo da miscibilidade de blendas de poli(hidroxibutirato)/poli(álcool vinílico) obtidas por mistura mecânica / Miscibility studies on poly(hydroxybutyrate)/poly(vinyl alcohol) blends obtained mechanical mixing

Cabral, Deliane da Silva 21 February 2017 (has links)
Poli(hidroxibutirato) (PHB) é um polímero com um alto potencial de aplicação industrial, pois é biodegradável, tem propriedades físicas semelhantes ao poli(propileno) e é o mais abundante de sua classe, os poli(hidroxialconoatos). Porém, sua rigidez e fragilidade, combinadas com seu elevado custo de produção, têm limitado sua utilização em larga escala. Nesse sentido o PHB pode ser utilizado para o desenvolvimento de novos materiais como blendas, que são mais viáveis em comparação aos métodos de síntese. Estudos de blendas PHB/PVA por solução reportam boa compatibilidade entre os componentes, porém esse processo apresenta baixa produção, já que ampliação de escala é dificultada. Neste trabalho, blendas de PHB/PVA nas composições de 90:10, 75:25 e 50:50 em massa e plastificadas com glicerol foram obtidas por meio de mistura mecânica, utilizando uma extrusora rosca simples. As técnicas de espectroscopia no infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC), análise térmica dinâmico-mecânica (DMTA) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foram empregadas para estudar a miscibilidade das blendas. Os principais resultados indicam que as blendas são miscíveis: i) deslocamentos de bandas dos espectros de FTIR das blendas nas regiões de 1277 e 1054 cm-1 indicando interações intermoleculares fortes no sistema, como por exemplo polares e ligações de hidrogênio, ii) Tg única e intermediária às Tgs dos polímeros puros observada nas curvas do DMTA para as blendas, e iii) a ausência de duas fases nas imagens do MEV realizadas para as blendas com 90% de PHB após extração em meio aquoso da possível fase rica em PVA. Também foi possível observar que a cristalinidade do PHB não foi afetada significativamente pela adição de PVA como mostrado pelos resultados de DSC e difratometria de raios X (DRX). / Poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a polymer with high potential for industrial applications, because it is biodegradable, has similar physical properties to poly (propylene) and is the most abundant in its class, the poly(hydroxyalconoates). However, its rigidity and fragility, combined with its high production cost, have limited its use in large-scale. Thus, PHB could be used to develop new materials as blends, which are more feasible compared to synthesis methods. Studies of PHB/PVA blends via solution shows good compatibility between the components, nevertheless, this process presents low production, since scaling up is hard to do. In this work blends of PHB/PVA in the compositions (w/w) 90/10, 75/25 and 50/50, and plasticized with glycerol were prepared by mechanical mixing using a single screw extruder. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic-mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to study the miscibility of the blends. The main results indicate that the blends are miscible: i) shifted bands in FTIR spectrum of the blends in 1277 and 1054 cm-1 indicating strong intermolecular interactions in the system, such as polar and hydrogen bonds; ii) single Tg for the blends and intermediate between those of the pure component polymers observed on the DMTA curves; and iii) absence of two phases in the SEM images of blend with 90% PHB after extraction in aqueous medium of the possible PVA-rich phase. It was also possible to observe that the PHB crystallinity was not significantly affected by the addition of PVA as shown in the results of DSC and x-ray diffraction.
9

PreparaÃÃo, caracterizaÃÃo e avaliaÃÃo da biodegradabilidade de blendas de amido/quitosana/PVA / Preparation, characterization and evaluation of the biodegradation of blends of films/chitosan/PVA

Anida Maria Moraes Gomes 05 May 2008 (has links)
FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / Os objetivos deste trabalho foram desenvolver, caracterizar fÃsico-quÃmica e reologicamente blendas de amido de inhame (Dioscorea esculenta L.), jalapa (Operculina tuberosa Meisn.), carà chinesa (Colocassia esculenta L.) e feijÃo verde (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) com quitosana e PVA e avaliar sua biodegradaÃÃo no solo. As propriedades mecÃnicas dos amidos variaram entre si, indicando uma organizaÃÃo molecular diferente entre eles. Os filmes de amido de feijÃo foram os mais extensÃveis e resistentes, enquanto os de carà chinesa foram os mais frÃgeis e quebradiÃos. A adiÃÃo de PVA e quitosana na mesma proporÃÃo melhorou as caracterÃsticas das blendas, principalmente quando o teor de amido foi baixo. As anÃlises de FT-IR revelaram certa interaÃÃo entre os trÃs componentes o que pode ser verificado com as melhorias nas propriedades mecÃnicas do material. A solubilidade em Ãgua e a permeabilidade ao vapor dâÃgua foram melhoradas pela adiÃÃo de quitosana e PVA. As caracterÃsticas apresentadas pelos filmes mostraram que do ponto de vista tecnolÃgico apresentaram desempenho inferiores aos filmes comerciais (PEBD) e inadequados para embalagem de produtos Ãmidos, mas podem ser Ãteis em outras aplicaÃÃes. Entretanto do ponto de vista ecolÃgico, estes materiais mostraram-se muito superiores aos filmes sintÃticos, pois degradaram rapidamente no solo. As blendas apresentaram potencial para serem usados em aplicaÃÃes mÃdicas como curativos e na liberaÃÃo controlada de fÃrmacos, porÃm necessita-se de mais estudos para melhorias dessas caracterÃsticas. Os amidos de jalapa e feijÃo verde apresentaram desempenho similar ou superior as do inhame, colocando-se como alternativa na elaboraÃÃo de biofilmes de amido. / The objectives of this work were to develop, characterize physico-chemical and rheologicaly blend films of yam (Dioscorea esculenta L.), jalapa (Operculina tuberose Meisn.), taro (Colocassia esculenta L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) starches with chitosan and poly (ninyl alcohol) (PVA) and to evaluate its biodegradation in the soil. The mechanical properties of the starches varied to each other, indicating a different molecular organization among them. The films of bean atarch were the most expandable and resistant, while the ones of chinese yam were the most fragile and brittle. The analyses of FT-IR revealed certain interaction among the three components which can be verified by the improvements in the mechanical properties, solubility in water and the water vapor permeability of blends. The characteristics presented by the blend films showed that from the technological point of view they were inferior to the commercial films (LDPE) and inadequate for packing of humid products, but they can be useful in another applications. However from the ecological point of view, these materials were better than the synthetic films, because they were quickly degraded in the soil. The blends presented potential to be used in medical applications as wound healing in drug delivery, however is needed more studies for improvements of those characteristics. The jalapa and cowpea starches showed similar or superior characteristics to the yam, what place them as alternative in the elaboration of starch biofilms.
10

Estudo da miscibilidade de blendas de poli(hidroxibutirato)/poli(álcool vinílico) obtidas por mistura mecânica / Miscibility studies on poly(hydroxybutyrate)/poly(vinyl alcohol) blends obtained mechanical mixing

Deliane da Silva Cabral 21 February 2017 (has links)
Poli(hidroxibutirato) (PHB) é um polímero com um alto potencial de aplicação industrial, pois é biodegradável, tem propriedades físicas semelhantes ao poli(propileno) e é o mais abundante de sua classe, os poli(hidroxialconoatos). Porém, sua rigidez e fragilidade, combinadas com seu elevado custo de produção, têm limitado sua utilização em larga escala. Nesse sentido o PHB pode ser utilizado para o desenvolvimento de novos materiais como blendas, que são mais viáveis em comparação aos métodos de síntese. Estudos de blendas PHB/PVA por solução reportam boa compatibilidade entre os componentes, porém esse processo apresenta baixa produção, já que ampliação de escala é dificultada. Neste trabalho, blendas de PHB/PVA nas composições de 90:10, 75:25 e 50:50 em massa e plastificadas com glicerol foram obtidas por meio de mistura mecânica, utilizando uma extrusora rosca simples. As técnicas de espectroscopia no infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC), análise térmica dinâmico-mecânica (DMTA) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foram empregadas para estudar a miscibilidade das blendas. Os principais resultados indicam que as blendas são miscíveis: i) deslocamentos de bandas dos espectros de FTIR das blendas nas regiões de 1277 e 1054 cm-1 indicando interações intermoleculares fortes no sistema, como por exemplo polares e ligações de hidrogênio, ii) Tg única e intermediária às Tgs dos polímeros puros observada nas curvas do DMTA para as blendas, e iii) a ausência de duas fases nas imagens do MEV realizadas para as blendas com 90% de PHB após extração em meio aquoso da possível fase rica em PVA. Também foi possível observar que a cristalinidade do PHB não foi afetada significativamente pela adição de PVA como mostrado pelos resultados de DSC e difratometria de raios X (DRX). / Poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a polymer with high potential for industrial applications, because it is biodegradable, has similar physical properties to poly (propylene) and is the most abundant in its class, the poly(hydroxyalconoates). However, its rigidity and fragility, combined with its high production cost, have limited its use in large-scale. Thus, PHB could be used to develop new materials as blends, which are more feasible compared to synthesis methods. Studies of PHB/PVA blends via solution shows good compatibility between the components, nevertheless, this process presents low production, since scaling up is hard to do. In this work blends of PHB/PVA in the compositions (w/w) 90/10, 75/25 and 50/50, and plasticized with glycerol were prepared by mechanical mixing using a single screw extruder. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic-mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to study the miscibility of the blends. The main results indicate that the blends are miscible: i) shifted bands in FTIR spectrum of the blends in 1277 and 1054 cm-1 indicating strong intermolecular interactions in the system, such as polar and hydrogen bonds; ii) single Tg for the blends and intermediate between those of the pure component polymers observed on the DMTA curves; and iii) absence of two phases in the SEM images of blend with 90% PHB after extraction in aqueous medium of the possible PVA-rich phase. It was also possible to observe that the PHB crystallinity was not significantly affected by the addition of PVA as shown in the results of DSC and x-ray diffraction.

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