published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

In recent years, a number of innovations have emerged that seek to provide sustainable alternatives to the predominant publishing paradigm. In this presentation, a variety of initiatives that exploit the inherent potential of the Web and other digital environments to offer open and enhanced access to the personal and collective scholarship of individuals, organizations, and nations are profiled. In its concluding section, the presentation focuses on the two major discipline-based repositories for library and information science scholarship,_ DLIST Archive: Digital Library of Information Science and Technology_ (http://dlist.sir.arizona.edu/) and _E-LIS_ (http://eprints.rclis.org/ ), "an electronic open access archive for scientific or technical documents, published or unpublished, in Librarianship, Information Science and Technology, and related application activities." To expedite the adoption and further development of scholar-based innovations in publishing, librarians and other information specialists are encouraged to 'Lead By Example' by depositing their own scholarship within either or both these repositories.

The problem of this study was subsidy ("vanity") publishing among college and university faculty. The purpose of the study was to estimate the extent to which postsecondary faculty use subsidy presses for the publication of their scholarly writings and the professional reasons for which academicians choose these presses to publish their works, viz., tenure, promotion, or salary increase. An additional purpose was to compare the subsidy publication experiences of faculty according to the types of institutions which employ them. The study involved 11 national subsidy publishers and 1,124 subsidy-published authors throughout the United States. Subsidy-published authors were identified occupationally as faculty by their appearance in the 1990 edition of The National Faculty Directory. The subjects in this study consisted of (a) faculty members listed in The National Faculty Directory. 1990 who are (b) known to have used subsidy presses for publishing their writings. A major finding of the study was that the proportion of vanity-published authors who are college and university faculty was small. Twenty-seven percent of the faculty whose books had been published by subsidy presses indicated that they had written and published in order to earn salary increases. Another 23% indicated that they had their books published to obtain promotions. Seventeen percent had their books published for the purpose of gaining tenure. Finally, one-third of the faculty surveyed identified miscellaneous other reasons for publishing their books through subsidy presses. More than two-thirds of the faculty who had used vanity presses (69%) claimed that their subsidy-published books had been effective in helping them achieve their purposes for publishing. Thirty percent judged their subsidy-produced books as ineffective. The majority of the subsidy-published faculty in the study were employed either by research universities or community/junior colleges. Only 26% of those surveyed indicated that they would choose a subsidy publisher if they had it to do again.

This project studies the ways recent changes in cultural theory and information technology are influencing the delivery of texts, and how these changes signal a need for innovation in editing practice. The word incunabulum describes the material objects produced in the early stages of the development of a technology; most commonly, it refers to printing during the period just before the turn of the sixteenth century when material textuality in the west was changing from a manuscript to a print base. According to critics of digital culture like Janet Murray the current shift to digital media entails many of the same changes. Following this, I will refer to this period as the second incunabulum. Given the limitations of HTML and SGML markup and storage technologies used in early digitization projects, scholars realize that the second incunabular period, much like the first, will not be a simple linear change succession. Just as the shift from manuscript to print involved a multifaceted series of complex social and practical transformations over decades, our current technological transition generates a wide variety of communicative, cultural, and political implications. As a critical point of entry, the comparison of the first and second incunabular periods offers insight into the ways in which past practices can help us approach our textual future. As a broad study of highly particular textual practices, the current work presents something of a paradox. However, through a series of focused historical readings and formal applications, this trans-historical study provokes questions that may lead to effective new work in the field. In Theories of the Text, leading editorial theorist D.C. Greetham points out the need to study the same three projects that I examine: William Langland's Piers Plowman, The Oxford Shakespeare, and James Joyce's Ulysses. By examining the editorial practices underlying each work, I develop a theory of editing based on a form of philological critique that engages with problems faced by many current research projects and which provides suggestions for further research. / Graduate

Typescript, etc.

This dissertation calls attention to the significance of translation for two related trends in American art and visual culture of the antebellum and Civil War eras: the transatlantic expansion of the nineteenth-century French art publishing industry, and the conceptual shift in the period's literature on reproductive prints from the notion of imitation to that of translation. The production, circulation, and consumption of reproductive prints were tied to the period's innovations in printing, and to broader patterns of transatlantic economic integration and exchange. These developments placed Americans in increased contact with European art and visual culture. Focusing on the decades following the Parisian firm Goupil & Company's establishment in New York, this dissertation investigates the impact of the proliferation and widespread dissemination of what Americans saw as translated images--that is, French-made reproductions of European and American works of art. The first part of this dissertation explores how Goupil's establishment in New York in 1848 and the firm's subsequent investments in lavish publications of American paintings destabilized the American approach to the translation of the image and influenced the manner in which both critics and artists conceived of the visual arts as a repository of American national identity. Engravers' lines were more than a place for the adaptation and representation of the European artistic legacy. They were also a locus for critical cultural, social, and political transformations. The second part of this dissertation examines how American artists working either in the United States or in Europe engaged with the period's transatlantic visual culture of reproduction, and with a notion of translation conceived both in literary and visual terms. George Caleb Bingham and Richard Caton Woodville, two of the leading antebellum American genre painters, and Thomas Nast, the most influential cartoonist of the Civil War and Reconstruction era, deployed the visual possibilities of translation in relation to the transatlantic production and circulation of reproductive engravings not only to address various local, national, and transnational audiences but also to articulate their own creative practices and mode of artistic expression in an expanding art world. Unlike earlier studies, which focused on American artists' expatriation to Europe in the later part of the nineteenth century, this dissertation shifts attention to the early impact of French prints on the visual imagination of American artists and illustrators during the antebellum and Civil War eras. Focusing on the circulation and displacement of images rather than artists' migration, this thesis demonstrates that continuous processes of integration, representation, and transformation were as significant to the artistic relationship between France and America as were the later experiences of rupture and estrangement highlighted by the studies of artists' expatriation. By foregrounding American artists' approach to the metaphorical understanding of reproduction as translation, this dissertation extends our understanding of the nineteenth-century practices and processes of Euro-American exchanges beyond the tensions between the recognition of an artistic affiliation and the search for artistic independence. Positioning American art in a world frame, this dissertation enriches the broad investigation of cultural exchanges that have been at the core of the recent scholarship on American art.

This thesis consists of four essays in collaboration and discrimination. The first essay examines the role of collaboration as a determinant of publication productivity in the field of economics, measured by means of citations, journal rank, and journal impact factor. The analysis employs cross-sectional data of 1,512 journal publications published in 2012 in 16 economics journals. The findings show a positive effect of team size on publication productivity, whereas research teams consisting of only one gender perform better in terms of research quality than gender-mixed teams. The analysis also indicates a negative relationship between female-dominated teams and research productivity. The second essay examines the impact of physical attractiveness on productivity. As literature found a strong impact on wages and career progression, it can be either due to discrimination in favour of good-looking people or can reflect an association between attractiveness and productivity. We utilise a context of academic publishing where there is no or limited face-to-face interaction. Using data on 2,800 authors, the results suggest that physical attractiveness has significantly important benefits. The third essay also considers the effect of physical attractiveness, as assessed based on pictures of top scientists, on their probability of winning the Nobel Prize. In contrast, the results show that attractiveness is negatively correlated with the probability of being awarded the Nobel, with the magnitude of this effect being not negligible. The fourth essay analyses the subsequent publication success (i.e., the probability to publish in top journals, the publication productivity) of the contenders in a best paper prize awarded at an academic conference to see whether the winners' papers fare better than those that failed to get the prize, measured by rank and impact factor of the journal, and citations. We employ the data of nominees for the Distinguished CESifo Affiliate prize between 2008 and 2015. The findings indicate that winning has a positive effect on the quality of journals they published as well as the publication productivity, suggesting that scholars who succeed in their early stage of academia tend to success later compared to those who are not outstanding. This thesis contributes to the literature on publication productivity and discrimination in academia by extending the existing literature on these issues. In this context, we explore the determinants of research productivity in economics (e.g., gender, nationality, seniority and others) and how those characteristics impact on productivity. We also investigate the role of beauty, and the presence of appearance-based discrimination, in determining research productivity among mainstream academics. We then re-examine the role of physical attractiveness at the top of the distribution of productivity, among Nobel Prize candidates/winners. Finally, we examine inequality in scientific research outcomes and the role of the so-called Matthew Effect. The findings shed light on the issues of collaboration, discrimination and inequality in academia.

Disputats, 2008.

The disciplinary culture theory presumes that if a scholar has been familiar with self-archiving through an existing subject-based repository, this scholar will be more enthusiastic about contributing his/her research to an institutional repository than one who has not had the experience. To test the theory, this article examines self-archiving practices of a group of physicists in both a subject repository and an institutional repository. It does not find a correlation between a disciplinary culture and self-archiving practices.

This conference paper has been published by IFLA Journal, vol. 31, n 3, 2005, p. 229-233 / The development of virtual libraries that offer Internet users access to full-text documents requires the team work of librarians, editors and webmasters. In this presentation, Dr. Dominique Babini, coordinator of the Latin American and the Caribbean Social Sciences Virtual Library of the Latin American Council of Social Sciences´ Network (CLACSO), proposes the option of cooperative virtual libraries and describes how they organized a distance training course via Internet for a group of librarians and editors of 18 countries of Latin American and the Caribbean, pointing out the factors that must be considered for the organization of courses via Internet