Submitted by Verena Bastos (verena@uefs.br) on 2015-07-27T22:22:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Robson Dias.pdf: 1622045 bytes, checksum: 199cc0a1bb678a7d768d85efa421b8b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-27T22:22:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Robson Dias.pdf: 1622045 bytes, checksum: 199cc0a1bb678a7d768d85efa421b8b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-29 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de S?o Paulo - FAPESP / The Lamiaceae family has great economic importance as a source of essential oils, in addition to being well studied from a chemical standpoint. Pharmacological studies reports are also extensive in the scientific literature because the specimens of this family are found in various parts of the world. This study aims to evaluate the chemical composition and antinociceptive activity in mice of the essential oils obtained from the leaves of Oocephalus nubicola and Leptohyptis macrostachys. The plant material was collected in the semiarid region of Bahia. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation (3 h), on a Clevenger-type apparatus. The oils were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography using flame ionization detection and mass spectrometry. Two general pharmacological tests were used to assess possible effects of the extracts on the central nervous system of animals: the screening behavioral pharmacology and the rota-rod test. Antinociceptive effects were assessed using acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin test. Both oils were presented as a mixture of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, and Oocephalus nubicola showed predominance of sesquiterpene components, while in the Leptohyptis macrostachys monoterpenes were major. The pharmacological evaluations demonstrated that the samples did not affect motor coordination of animals, besides their antinociceptive properties in the three experimental doses, with evidence of central effects. / A fam?lia Lamiaceae tem grande import?ncia econ?mica por ser fonte de ?leos essenciais arom?ticos, al?m de ser bem estudada do ponto de vista qu?mico. Relatos de estudos farmacol?gicos tamb?m s?o extensos na literatura cient?fica, pois as esp?cimes desta fam?lia s?o encontradas em v?rias partes do mundo. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a composi??o qu?mica e a atividade antinociceptiva em camundongos dos ?leos essenciais obtidos das folhas de Oocephalus nubicola e Leptohyptis macrostachys. O material vegetal foi coletado na regi?o do semi?rido do Estado da Bahia. Os ?leos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestila??o (3 h), em um aparelho do tipo Clevenger. Os ?leos foram analisados por cromatografia capilar gasosa, usando detec??o de ioniza??o de chama e espectrometria de massas. Dois testes farmacol?gicos gerais foram aplicados para avalia??o de poss?veis efeitos das amostras no Sistema Nervoso Central dos animais: triagem farmacol?gica comportamental e teste da barra girat?ria. Para avalia??o da atividade antinociceptiva foram empregadas duas metodologias: o teste das contor??es abdominais induzidas pelo ?cido ac?tico e o teste da formalina. Ambos os ?leos apresentaram-se como uma mistura de monoterpenos e sesquiterpenos, sendo que Oocephalus nubicola apresentou predomin?ncia dos constituintes sesquiterp?nicos, enquanto que em Leptohyptis macrostachys os monoterpenos foram majorit?rios. As avalia??es farmacol?gicas demonstraram que as amostras n?o afetam a coordena??o motora dos animais, al?m de possu?rem propriedades antinociceptivas nas tr?s doses experimentais, com ind?cios de mecanismo de a??o central.

Submitted by Natalie Mendes (nataliermendes@gmail.com) on 2015-07-28T01:01:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_RGV_Maria Reis.pdf: 1106415 bytes, checksum: 7034ec4c42920fa1bf7a9238be4d7eb7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-28T01:01:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_RGV_Maria Reis.pdf: 1106415 bytes, checksum: 7034ec4c42920fa1bf7a9238be4d7eb7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Hyptis fruticosa Salzm. Ex. Benth and Ocimum gratissimum Lindi are species from lamiaceae family of great medicinal importance, notwithstanding, they have been goals of few studies related to the cultivation techniques. Therefore, the study?s goal was to evaluate the behavior and tolerance of plants of H. fruticosa and O. gratissimum cultivated in vases submitted to different levels of evapotranspired water reposition during thirteen days (H. fruticosa) and nine days (O. gratissimum). The experiment was made in greenhouse under randomized complete block design with four treatments (100, 75, 50 and 0% of evapotranspired water reposition). It was verified that there were not any significant difference of total dry mass and leaf area among the treatments in the species H. fruticosa and O. gratissimum. Both of them presented the lowest values of relative water content, water potential, chlorophylls and carotenoids in the water reposition 0% treatment. In O. gratissimum, there was the decrease in net assimilation of carbon, stomatal conductance and transpiration with the water deficit increase, but the CO2 inside concentration was higher in the water reposition 0% treatment. The two species presented amino acid accumulation, proline, soluble proteins and soluble carbohydrate according to the water deficit increase. The essential oil content increased with the water availability increment in O. gratissimum, but it did not present the significant difference among the treatments in H. fruticosa. O. gratissimum revealed itself more sensitive and H. fruticosa more tolerant to the water deficiency. / Hyptis fruticosa Salzm. ex. Benth e Ocimum gratissimum Lindl. s?o esp?cies da fam?lia lamiaceae de grande import?ncia medicinal, no entanto, t?m sido objetos de poucos estudos relacionados ?s t?cnicas de cultivo. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento e toler?ncia de plantas de H. fruticosa e O. gratissimum cultivadas em vasos submetidas a diferentes n?veis de reposi??o de ?gua evapotranspirada durante o per?odo de treze dias (H. fruticosa) e nove dias (O. gratissimum). O experimento foi realizado em telado sob delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro tratamentos (100, 75, 50 e 0% de reposi??o de ?gua evapotranspirada). Verificou-se que n?o houve diferen?as significativas da massa seca total e ?rea foliar entre os tratamentos nas esp?cies H. fruticosa e O. gratissimum. As duas esp?cies apresentaram os menores valores de teor relativo de ?gua, potencial h?drico, clorofilas e caroten?ides no tratamento 0% de reposi??o de ?gua. Em O. gratissimum, houve redu??o da assimila??o l?quida de carbono, condut?ncia estom?tica e transpira??o com o aumento do d?ficit h?drico, por?m a concentra??o interna de CO2 foi superior no tratamento 0% de reposi??o de ?gua. As duas esp?cies apresentaram ac?mulo de amino?cidos livres, prolina, prote?nas sol?veis e carboidratos sol?veis de acordo com o aumento do d?ficit h?drico. O teor de ?leo essencial aumentou com o incremento da disponibilidade h?drica em O. gratissimum, mas n?o apresentou diferen?a significativa entre os tratamentos em H. fruticosa. A esp?cie O. gratissimum mostrou-se mais sens?vel e H. fruticosa mais tolerante ? defici?ncia h?drica.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ElisangelaLG.pdf: 1213496 bytes, checksum: e3e74efdf673a462ae5c31d512a5e17b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-09-02 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The extraction with pressurized fluids has become an attractive process for the extraction of essential oils, mainly due the specific characteristics of the fluids near the critical region. This work presents results of the extraction process of the essential oil of Cymbopogon winterianus J. with CO2 under high pressures. The effect of the following variables was evaluated: solvent flow rate (from 0.37 to 1.5 g CO2/min), pressure (66.7 and 75 bar) and temperature (8, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ?C) on the extraction kinetics and the total yield of the process, as well as in the solubility and composition of the C. winterianus essential oil. The experimental apparatus consisted of an extractor of fixed bed and the dynamic method was adopted for the calculation of the oil solubility. Extractions were also accomplished by conventional techniques (steam and organic solvent extraction). The determination and identification of extract composition were done by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The extract composition varied in function of the studied operational conditions and also related to the used extraction method. The main components obtained in the CO2 extraction were elemol, geraniol, citronellol and citronellal. For the steam extraction were the citronellal, citronellol and geraniol and for the organic solvent extraction were the azulene and the hexadecane. The most yield values (2.76%) and oil solubility (2.49x10-2 g oil/ g CO2) were obtained through the CO2 extraction in the operational conditions of T = 10?C, P = 66.7 bar and solvent flow rate 0.85 g CO2/min / A extra??o com fluidos pressurizados tem-se tornado um processo de separa??o atrativo para a extra??o de ?leos essenciais, devido ?s caracter?sticas que estes fluidos apresentam quando se encontram pr?ximos da regi?o cr?tica. Este trabalho apresenta resultados do processo de extra??o do ?leo essencial de Cymbopogon winterianus J. com CO2 sob altas press?es. Foi avaliado o efeito das vari?veis: vaz?o de solvente (0,37 a 1,5 g CO2/min), press?o (66,7 e 75 bar) e temperatura (8, 10, 15, 20 e 25 ?C) sobre a cin?tica de extra??o e o rendimento total do processo, como tamb?m na solubilidade e composi??o do ?leo de C. winterianus. O aparato experimental consistiu de um extrator de leito fixo e foi adotado o m?todo din?mico para o c?lculo da solubilidade do ?leo. Tamb?m foram realizadas extra??es por t?cnicas convencionais (extra??o a vapor e com solvente org?nico). A determina??o da composi??o e identifica??o dos extratos foi feita atrav?s de cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas (CG EM). A composi??o do extrato variou em fun??o das condi??es operacionais estudadas e tamb?m com rela??o ao m?todo de extra??o empregado. Os principais componentes obtidos na extra??o por CO2 foram: elemol, geraniol, citronelol e citronelal. Para a extra??o a vapor foram o citronelal, citronelol e geraniol, j? para a extra??o por solvente org?nico foram o azuleno e o hexadecano. Os maiores valores de rendimento (2,76%) e solubilidade do ?leo (2,49x10-2 g ?leo/ g CO2) foram obtidos para extra??o por CO2 nas condi??es operacionais de T = 10?C, P = 66,7 bar e vaz?o 0,85 g CO2/min