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Thesis (DTech(Biomedical Technology))--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 2000 / The diagnosis of breast cancer is not possible using currently available serological detection of cancer markers as these lack adequate sensitivity or specificity. This study investigates the prevalence and significance of anti-p53 antibody and c-erbB-2 protein in the post-surgical sera of South African breast cancer patients and correlates these features with the clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer. Further, this study investigates the possibilityofimproving prognostic sensitivityby combining the two subject markers to monitor each patient. Further, this study will provide the opportunity to investigate lNhether only certain types of breast cancer can elicit an immunological response and at what stage and grade of tumour antibodies are present in the postoperative serum. The study also establishes a foundation for determining in South Africa lNhether there is a genetic influence in the response to p53 mutation and INhther this response is higher in the indigenous African women compared to other South African women. The purpose of the study is to determine if the resulting findings can be used to enhance our ability to diagnose breast cancer and to identify node-negative breast cancer patients at high risk for early disease recurrence and or death, for 1Nh0m adjuvant therapy is unequivocally justified. The study accrued 92 South African breast cancer patients who were essentially women of colour 62 [67%] indigenous African women and 20 [22%] Caucasian of Indian descent, 6 [6%J of mixed [ColouredJ background and only 4 [4%J Caucasian of White descent. A predominantly indigenous African populationwas chosen becausethey are the group most likely to benefitfrom an easily repeatable, affordable serological cancer marker.

M.Tech. (Biomedical Technology) / TB continues to be one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developed and developing countries, (Mauch, 1993), despite the development of drugs and vaccines. Today, TB is one of the most serious health problems not only in South Africa, but worldwide. The transmission rate for TB for the population of Cape Town is 3% per year, while the transmission rate in gold mineworkers is estimated at 10% per year (Churchyard and Corbett, 2001). Tubercle bacilli have the ability of evading the immune system by entering a dormant phase while in the human host, and are able to reactivate at a later stage. Little is known about the mechanisms of this reactivation. TB remains a global emergency because of our lack of understanding of the details of its pathogenesis (Rook and Zumla, 2001). Since radioactive minerals are found in mines, it was postulated that radioactivity may be the reason for pulmonary cancers, a fact which is now well established. The biologic effects of radiation have been shown to produce irreparable deoxyribonucleic acid double-strand breaks or singlestrand breaks, or create structural changes by damaging the nucleus. Although no studies have shown toxic effects resulting from long-term, low-dose radiation exposure, risks are still assumed, (Herscovici and Sanders, 2000), and research concerning the mutagenic affects of lowdose radiation exposure is necessary. All the risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in mineworkers are not known, although many have been identified, such as age and mining occupation. This study aimed to determine if long-term, low-dose exposure to ionizing radiation has an effect on the reactivation of dormant tubercle....

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Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-08-02T13:58:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Miriam Beatriz de Tolledo Maciel_.pdf: 900476 bytes, checksum: 09fa98d98671b59cf6eed18f049d34a4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-02T13:58:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Miriam Beatriz de Tolledo Maciel_.pdf: 900476 bytes, checksum: 09fa98d98671b59cf6eed18f049d34a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-08 / Nenhuma / Muitos pacientes aguardam em lista de espera por um transplante de pulmão. A perspectiva de aumentar o número de transplantes através de nova tecnologia que proporcione a utilização de órgãos não viáveis para transplante aumenta a esperança de realização do transplante. A implantação de novas tecnologias em busca de melhores resultados ou do aumento de oportunidades aos pacientes de recuperação de sua saúde é cada vez mais frequente no segmento hospitalar. Objetivo: estruturar o processo administrativo de implantação de perfusão pulmonar ex vivo em normotermia para transplantes no Hospital Dom Vicente Scherer da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre. Método: foram utilizadas as ferramentas do ciclo do PDCA (Plan – Do – Check – Action) e a matriz GUT (Gravidade – Urgência – Tendência) para desenhar o fluxo do processo de implantação de perfusão pulmonar ex vivo em normotermia para transplantes. Resultados: os problemas levantados na matriz GUT foram tratados observando-se o ciclo PDCA conforme a média crítica de cada um. O limite de tratamento do problema através do plano de ação até a média critica de 20 foi definido considerando-se que, abaixo dessa média, os problemas identificados não teriam influência na implementação do processo. O projeto teve êxito em seu objetivo, sendo efetivada a estruturação do processo administrativo de perfusão pulmonar ex vivo para transplante confirmada pela execução do processo administrativo mediante simulação de todo o processo. Como resultado secundário, foi elaborado o desenho do fluxo de implementação de novas tecnologias na instituição em que foi realizado o projeto. Conclusão: Uma vez identificados e tratados os problemas, além de permitir estruturar a parte administrativa da implementação da preservação pulmonar normotérmica ex vivo, a construção do processo possibilitou elaborar uma proposta de fluxo de implementação de novas tecnologias na instituição. / Many patients are waiting on a list for a lung transplant. The prospect of increasing the number of transplants through new technology that provides the use of non-viable organs for transplantation increases the hope of transplantation. The implantation of new technologies searching for better results or to increase patients’ opportunities for recovering their health ocurrs more frequently in hospitals. Objective: To structure the administrative process of implantation of pulmonary perfusion ex vivo in normotermia for transplants at Dom Vicente Scherer Hospital of Santa Casa de Misericórdia in Porto Alegre. Method: PDCA cycle and GUT matrix’s tools were used to design the flow of the pulmonary perfusion implantation process ex vivo in normothermia for transplants. Results: The problems raised in the GUT matrix were approached by observing the PDCA cycle according to the critical average of each one. The limit for treating the problem using the action plan up to the critical average of 20 was defined, considering that below that average the problems identified would have no influence on the implementation of the process. The project achieved its goal and the structuring of the administrative process of ex vivo pulmonary perfusion for transplantation was carried out, confirmed by running the administrative process through a simulation of the whole process. As a secondary result, the design of the implementation flow of new technologies in the institution where the project was carried out was elaborated. Conclusion: Once the problems were identified and approached, besides allowing the administrative part of the implementation of normothermic pulmonary preservation ex vivo, the construction of the process made it possible to elaborate a proposal for the implementation of new technologies in the institution.