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Monetary incentive schemes on job satisfaction; a case study.January 1974 (has links)
South Sea Textile Manufacturing Co., Hong Kong. Annual report, 1970 inserted. / Summary in Chinese. / Thesis (MBA)--Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Bibliography: l. 178-181.
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Culture and oppression: a case study of Czechoslovakia, 1948-1960Riedo, Sarah January 2005 (has links)
Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses. / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-02
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The changing social position of the elderly in contemporary urban ChinaLin, Pei, 1966- 29 February 1996 (has links)
This thesis uses an anthropological approach to examine the current social status
of the young elderly in contemporary urban China and explores the problems these people
are facing. A review of literature sets up complementary theoretical frameworks for the
understanding of the interaction between changing social environment and transitional life
experiences of the young elderly. Discussion of historical circumstances provides the
background for transitions with reference to family structure, intergenerational
relationships and family life in contemporary China. Discussion includes the role and
effect of related state policies since the Communist Party came to power in 1949. Data
were collected from eight case studies through personal interviews with Chinese students
and their elderly parents in the United States. Other data came from several informants
interviewed by the author in China.
Analysis focuses on the changing financial, emotional and physical status of the
elderly within the social, economic and political context of urban China. Results of the
study show that the social status of the elderly has changed in the direction of favoring
younger generations. Elderly people in contemporary urban China are experiencing
extreme challenges and various kinds of insecurities related to role transition. The state
has played a critical role in leading to this situation. / Graduation date: 1996
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A conceptual model of women entrepreneurs in small businessesPutnam, Carol A. 15 January 1993 (has links)
Women entrepreneurs are an economic force within the American and Oregon
economy. Women are starting businesses at two to five times the rate of
men. There has been significant research detailing the demographics, barriers,
and business management skills of women business owners. Yet, the research
to date has been limited and has not contributed to the development of a
conceptual model which describes the woman entrepreneur. The purpose of
this research was to develop a conceptual model of a woman entrepreneur.
Case studies of ten women entrepreneurs were constructed through extensive
interviews. The women identified for this study were white middle class
Americans. They were selected through a criterion-based sample technique.
The attributes identified were: 1 ) women entrepreneurs who owned, controlled
and operated their business; 2) women entrepreneurs who had been in
business a minimum of two years; and 3) women who considered their
business to be a full-time endeavor. Written case studies derived from the
interview data were submitted to the participants for their validation. The
data were qualitatively analyzed to determine emergent patterns and themes.
Women entrepreneurs create their businesses, attract and retain their customers,
interact with their vendors, overcome barriers, supervise employees and
manage their businesses by developing and nurturing a network of relationships.
These relationships are the foundation of the women entrepreneurs'
businesses and represent the dynamic core of the way they view themselves
as individuals in business. Women entrepreneurs create and maintain a web
of interconnected relationships that can not be viewed in isolation, or negated.
These results are supported by the psychological literature relating to women.
Implications for small business counselors, consultants, and training specialists
exist. / Graduation date: 1993
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A study of the accountability of the government to the legislative council in Hong KongPang, Wai-lan, Joice., 彭慧蘭. January 1996 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Public Administration
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AN APPLICATION OF HUMANISTIC BEHAVIORAL TECHNIQUES IN THE INDIVIDUAL TREATMENT OF BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMSPodboy, John W. (John Watts), 1943- January 1973 (has links)
No description available.
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Prevalence of low back pain amongst nurses at Edendele hospital.Dlungwane, Thembelihle. January 2010 (has links)
Introduction. Low back pain is an important public health problem affecting 70-85% of the
population worldwide and is a common cause of work-related disability. At Edendale
Hospital, the physiotherapy nursing case load related to the management of low
back pain increased from 30% to 45% over the past 3 years. The risk factors for
low back pain at Edendale Hospital remain unclear and it is not clear whether low
back pain is more prevalent in certain wards. Knowing the risk factors contributing
to the prevalence of low back pain at the Hospital will assist nursing and hospital
managers to plan appropriate interventions to minimize the occurrence.
Methods. An observational cross sectional study with an analytic component was implemented.
Data was collected utilizing a self- administered questionnaire to determine the
prevalence of low back pain amongst nurses at the Hospital. Bivariate analyses and
logistic regressions were performed to determine the risk factors associated with low back
pain. Results. The point prevalence of current low back pain was 59%, of chronic low back pain
was 47% and occupational low back pain was 57%. Logistic regression revealed
bending and working in orthopaedic, surgery, paediatrics, obstetrics and gynaecology is significantly associated with low back pain.
Conclusion. Occupational factors are strongly associated with low back pain. Thus workplace
interventions are required. / Thesis (M.Med.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.
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Managing MIS project failures : a crisis management perspectiveIacovou, Charalambos L. 05 1900 (has links)
This study describes a conceptual framework that portrays information system project
failures as organizational crises. The main assumption of this study is that such failures
will invariably happen and thus there is a need to make them less costly and more
beneficial to organizations. To identify the behaviors and factors that influence an
organization's ability to effectively manage a project failure, this dissertation reviews the
crisis management literature. Based on this review, a three-stage model is formulated. To
understand the mechanisms underlying this model, a number of hypotheses (which are
informed by a number of related organizational behavior areas) are generated. These
hypotheses focus on three key crisis management factors: the organization's ability to
promptly detect an impeding failure, its capacity to manage the failure's impacts, and its
propensity to learn from it. To empirically assess the validity of the conceptual model,
three case studies of Canadian public organizations were conducted. The empirical
findings provide strong support to the model's conjectures and indicate that project failures
generate several crisis-related behaviors and responses. More specifically, the findings
suggest that an organization's proactive preparation for a failure can have a significant
moderating effect on its impact. However, the findings clearly show that an organization's
ability to promptly detect (and prepare for) a failure is impeded by behaviors that are
motivated by escalation of commitment. Such behaviors lead to a prolonged pre-crisis
denial period and have a suppressing effect on whistle-blowing, which is pursued as a
denial-curtailing strategy by non-management participants. The empirical findings
describe both operational and legitimacy tactics used by organizations to cope with the
aftermath of a project failure and indicate that credibility restoration is a significant
concern during large crises. Finally, the empirical evidence indicates that organizational
learning and adaptation are more likely to follow major project failures than less
significant ones. This contradicts threat-rigidity arguments and provides support to the
failure-induced learning theory.
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Empowerment : a multi-level processEylon, Dafna 11 1900 (has links)
The term "empowerment" is frequently used by organizational researchers, management practitioners, and consultants. However, despite the popularity of the term, there is a lack of empirical work and no generally accepted definition. As part of a thorough multi-disciplinary literature review, fourteen different conceptualizations for the term empowerment were discovered and classified into four categories: Micro (intra-psychic), Meso (relational-interactive), Macro (structural), and Misnomer (bogus). As a result of this work, both a new definition and a multi-level process model of empowerment are offered. Empowerment is defined here as an enhancing and energizing context specific process that expands an individual's power and feelings of trust, is usually facilitated by another, and results in increased levels of self-esteem, self-efficacy and other characteristics related to personal growth and control, which eventually lead to outcomes such as performance and satisfaction. The proposed multi-level process model postulates that the process of empowerment is driven by changes in information, responsibility, and active belief, and mediated by intra-psychic factors. This model was empirically tested in a between-subject, pre-test, post-test simulation design. Over a period of three weeks 135 graduate students completed a novel application of in-basket exercises, within which an empowerment manipulation was embedded. This manipulation included increasing information, responsibility, and active belief for the empowered manipulation and decreasing these three components for the disempowered manipulation. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that, as predicted, the manipulation had a significant impact on the three mediating intra-psychic factors (self-efficacy, self-esteem, and locus of control) and an analysis of variance found significant results in the predicted direction on the dependent variable of job satisfaction. Regression analyses revealed the predicted mediation relationship between the intra-psychic variables and the dependent variable of job satisfaction. However, none of the analyses yielded significant results for the performance measures (initiative, sensitivity, planning and organizing, delegation, administrative control, problem analysis, judgement, and decisiveness). Several potential explanations are offered for these results, including a motivational interpretation which focuses on participant's motivation directionality. Theoretical and practical implications for these results are discussed as well as directions for future research.
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Children’s metapragmatic knowledge and intensity of second language as a medium of instruction in the intermediate years of a French immersion programTakakuwa, Mitsunori 11 1900 (has links)
Compared to grammatical knowledge of language (what to use), the ability to use
language appropriately depending on a context (how to use) is termed linguistic pragmatic
knowledge. Throughout the elementary school years children developmentally not only acquire
pragmatic knowledge but also increase their explicit grasp of pragmatic knowledge. This is
termed metapragmatic knowledge. It includes the ability to infer meanings that are not expressed
literally. In nonliteral uses of language, the speaker means something different from what is said.
Among such nonliteral uses of language are indirect requests and irony.
As children's metapragmatic knowledge has a positive relationship with their literate
proficiency, on which success in school depends, children can benefit from the development of
their metapragmatic knowledge in their academic achievement. The study of bilingualism has
shown that bilingualism has a positive effect on children's metalinguistic development. Can
metapragmatic knowledge be enhanced by increasing exposure to a second language (L2)?
Bilingual pupils were given two tasks in which the children's levels of metapragmatic
knowledge were investigated. The measure of metapragmatic knowledge consisted of two
assessments: (a) understanding of indirect requests, and (b) understanding of irony. Participants
listened to eight short stories in which brief interactions were presented in a multimedia,
computer-based format. After each story, participants were asked a set of questions to probe
subjects' attributions of the speaker's communicative intent and hearer's interpretation.
L2 intensity was positively associated with metapragmatic knowledge measured by
comprehension of requests. Conversely, the association between L2 intensity and metapragmatic
knowledge measured by comprehension of irony was not necessarily positive. Those who scored
higher had positive relationship between L2 intensity and their metapragmatic knowledge
whereas those who scored lower had negative relationship between L2 intensity and their
metapragmatic knowledge.
In summary, L2 intensity is not always positively associated with any type of
metapragmatic knowledge. This suggests that a larger amount of exposure to L2 is not
necessarily beneficial to children's development of metapragmatic knowledge. Therefore, it is
important to consider the levels of children's metapragmatic knowledge when planning an
increase of exposure to L2 instruction.
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