Orientador: Flávio Vasconcelos da Silva / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T22:32:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Coghi_MarcoAntonio_D.pdf: 5060817 bytes, checksum: d137220a40c940b3e3dec91efe64bde7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Organizações industriais químicas investem grandes cifras para conectarem informações coletadas em tempo real de seus processos fabris a partir de instrumentos inteligentes, redes de comunicação, controladores de processo, sistemas de controle distribuído, bancos de dados temporais, aplicativos para gestão e acompanhamento da produção e qualidade, ERP, etc. Esse esforço tem sido feito para implantar soluções a problemas pontuais de departamentos. Uma vez pensados de forma isolada das demais necessidades da empresa, tornam-se ilhas de informação. Em plena era do conhecimento, informações pontuais e ilhadas trazem inúmeros malefícios como falta de colaboração de informações interdepartamentais, falta de veracidade para tomada de decisões gerenciais, acompanhamento histórico gerencial para melhoria contínua dos processos de negócio, democratização das informações, conexão com fornecedores e clientes em tempo real. O Plano Diretor de Automação e Informática, objeto desse trabalho, utiliza-se de modelos e metodologias como forma de integração dessas informações rumo à gestão do conhecimento em tempo real e os organiza em 3 domínios: Negócios, Ciclo de Vida dos Ativos e Cadeia de Valor. Propõe colaboração certificada entre fornecedores de matéria prima, processadores (área industrial) e clientes que compram seus produtos finais. Propõe o gerenciamento da performance da organização rumo a seus objetivos e por fim, propõe que a carteira de investimentos seja orientada à melhoria contínua, chegando a Excelência Operacional (OpX). Todas essas propostas partem da utilização de tecnologias tanto de automação como de tecnologias de informática para serem integradas e governadas por um único ponto de vista oriundo do gerenciamento de portfólio da organização industrial. Devido às altas cifras desses investimentos, as soluções tanto de hardware como de software não são adquiridas todas de uma única vez, mas sim dentro de projetos e programas escalonados no tempo de vida da organização industrial. Ao conjunto desses programas e projetos, chamamos de portfólio de investimentos. E para que possam ser pensados de forma integrada em nível de sua automação e informática, o Plano Diretor deve ser trabalhado dentro da gestão do portfólio. Como resultados da aplicação desses modelos e metodologias, conseguiu-se que organizações industriais chegassem mais fácil e rápido a tomada de decisões gerenciais em benefício do Negócio, Cadeia de Valor e Ciclo de Vida de seus ativos de forma colaborativa e promovendo a melhoria contínua de sua operação e gestão através de sistemas integrados em todos os domínios da informação. Como conclusão, aspectos positivos, avanços e progressos para a ciência, ficam aqui registrados um conjunto de conhecimentos e boas práticas que poderão ser aplicados, melhorados e evoluídos pelos profissionais do setor / Abstract: Chemical Industry Companies invest large amounts of funds in order to gather and send real-time information regarding their industrial processes to their Corporative Systems developed by Information Technology departments. This procedure requires smart instruments, communication network, process controllers, distributed control systems, historical data bases, manufacturing execution systems and enterprise resource planning solutions. These efforts are made in order to implement solutions to well-localized departmental issues. Once these are thought as specific needs of the enterprise, they become isolated patches of information. In the Knowledge Era, isolated information may cause several problems, such as bad syncing of interdepartmental information, lack of veracity for the management decisions, low democratization of the information and connection between the suppliers and the clients, and lack of continuous improvement for the inefficient historical database usage. The Automation and Information Master Plan, subject of this work, uses models and methodologies to integrate and manage information in real time. It rearranges information in 3 domains: business, value chain and asset's lifecycle. It proposes certified collaboration between raw-material suppliers, product processors and clients, which consume the final product. It also proposes performance and organization management in order to achieve continuous quality improvement, i.e. establish Operational Excellence (OpX). All these proposals arise from the application of Automation and Information Technologies and are oriented by the Industrial Organization Portfolio's Management only. Due to the investments' expensiveness, the solutions regarding either software or hardware are not accomplished at once, but rather inside projects and gradual processes along the industrial organization's lifetime. This set of projects and gradual processes is named investment's portfolio. In order to accomplish the integration between automation and information, the master plan must be developed inside the portfolio's management. As a result of the application of these models and methodologies, it was possible for the industrial organizations to make faster and easier decisions regarding the wellness of their assets, value chains and assets' lifecycles. In addition, these decisions also provided continuous operational quality improvement by means of management of systems integrated with all domains of information. As a conclusion, positive aspects as well as scientific progresses are here recorded as a set of procedures that should be applied, improved and further developed by professionals of the area / Doutorado / Sistemas de Processos Quimicos e Informatica / Doutor em Engenharia Química

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This thesis will investigate the effect of extractive industries on the economy of an average Midwestern town from the mid-1800s until the conclusion of the WWII. Primary and secondary sources were studied to gain an understanding of the effect of extractive industries on the development of Midland Michigan. Due to its complete reliance on extractive industries for its economic welfare Midland suffered extreme economic upheavals. In conclusion Midland’s intensive boom and bust economy mirrors Michigan’s own rocky relationship with extractive industries.

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Technology: Business Administration, Durban University of Technology, 2007. / Unsafe incidents are a regular occurrence in the chemical industries, which have resulted, in some cases in the catastrophic destruction to the environment and loss of life. Major global organizations have shut down after experiencing fatal unsafe incidents as in the case of Union Carbide. This organization was closed after the Bhopal incident in India, in 1984, which claimed the lives of a-bout three thousand residents (see appendix d). In this study, the safety and operational risks at a selected chemical company in Durban are researched. This study looks at the huge number of unsafe incidents in a three year period, from (2003) to year (2005), that occurred at this organization. The objective of this study is to identify the variables that contribute to the high number of unsafe incidents within the organisation. The study will focus on the relationship between staff perceptions and management's assumptions of these contributory variables. The sub-objectives of the study are: o To ascertain staff perceptions of the contributors to the incidents and unsafe working conditions; o To determine if management is accurate in their assumptions of the causes for the incidents; and o To determine relationships between staff perceptions and actual causes of the incidents. The contributors were themed in the study in the following manner: o Behaviour and attitude; e Communications; e Plant and equipment; e Training and development; o Planning and workload; o Safety aspects; and e Other related aspects. Implementing the recommendations made will assist in reducing the number of unsafe incidents and make the organization a safer place for all stakeholders. / M

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Technology in Business Administration, Entrepreneurial Studies & Management Department, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2015.

The thesis deals with the analysis of spatial distinction of the chemical industry in the Czech Republic. The main aim of the thesis is to evaluate the disposition of chemical production in the Czech Republic and using the tools of spatial analysis, mainly location quotients and the Lorenz curve, to identify areas with the highest concentration of the chemical production. Further to identify areas with the greatest potential for the localization and development of the chemical production. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the economic aspects of the localization of the industry and defines the chemical industry itself in a broader context. The practical part deals with the position of the chemical industry in the Czech Republic and focuses on the territory analysis which identifies the regions with the highest concentration of the chemical industry in the Czech Republic

Environmental issues are of increasing concern to citizens, governmental personnel and corporate leaders in most countries all around the world. There is a growing consensus that conventional accounting practices simply do not provide adequate information to support decisionmaking in environmental management. Simply defined, environmental management accounting is management accounting with a focus on physical information on the flow of energy, water, products and materials as well as monetary information on environmental costs and revenues, and projects related to environmental protection. It is not a different method, but simply a mechanism of doing management accounting in an improved manner. When environmental management accounting is well designed and implement it should ensure better internal management and value-added decisionmaking. Ultimately, environmental management accounting is simply doing better comprehensive management accounting while wearing an environmental hat. This study evaluates the awareness of environmental management accounting in the chemical industry. A questionnaire was administrated to a selected group of par-ticipants. All participants in the study are employees from the chemical industry in South Africa. The selection of participants was based on their knowledge, expertise and understanding of environmental practices, challenges and problems in their respective organisations. Different functional roles from different types of chemical companies were identified to participate. The findings of this study indicated that there is a good level of awareness of environ-mental management accounting in the South African chemical industry. Most orga-nisations are applying sound environmental practices and are adopting environ-mental strategies and different tools to improve their current status. Different levels of awareness exist between different types of chemical industries and between different functional roles in the respective organisations. Operational and capital environ-mental information are disclosed and organisations do generate and record information on physical and monetary environmental management accounting. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Environmental issues are of increasing concern to citizens, governmental personnel and corporate leaders in most countries all around the world. There is a growing consensus that conventional accounting practices simply do not provide adequate information to support decisionmaking in environmental management. Simply defined, environmental management accounting is management accounting with a focus on physical information on the flow of energy, water, products and materials as well as monetary information on environmental costs and revenues, and projects related to environmental protection. It is not a different method, but simply a mechanism of doing management accounting in an improved manner. When environmental management accounting is well designed and implement it should ensure better internal management and value-added decisionmaking. Ultimately, environmental management accounting is simply doing better comprehensive management accounting while wearing an environmental hat. This study evaluates the awareness of environmental management accounting in the chemical industry. A questionnaire was administrated to a selected group of par-ticipants. All participants in the study are employees from the chemical industry in South Africa. The selection of participants was based on their knowledge, expertise and understanding of environmental practices, challenges and problems in their respective organisations. Different functional roles from different types of chemical companies were identified to participate. The findings of this study indicated that there is a good level of awareness of environ-mental management accounting in the South African chemical industry. Most orga-nisations are applying sound environmental practices and are adopting environ-mental strategies and different tools to improve their current status. Different levels of awareness exist between different types of chemical industries and between different functional roles in the respective organisations. Operational and capital environ-mental information are disclosed and organisations do generate and record information on physical and monetary environmental management accounting. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Mergers and acquisitions within the chemical industry is a common practice to increase market presence and customer base. Common justifications for M&A include synergy, business growth and competitive advantages, and management reasoning. Synergies are benefits a combined firm is able to receive through cost reductions, market expansion, and efficiencies in processes. As a result, firms are able to grow and position themselves competitively. To prevent an overpriced acquisition, numerous valuation techniques exist. The discount cash flow examines the value of a firm based on future cash flow. The market multiple compares target firms to similar firms in the industry. Lastly, the asset valuation determines the value of a firm based on the liquidation of the firm. To maximize the return on an acquisition, proper due diligence should be conducted based on the needs and goals of the purchaser, and the value added by the target firm. The premium paid for an acquisition should be based on the valued added through the synergies identified. Current business cycles and future outlook should also factor into the pricing of the acquisition. Having a thorough analysis of a target firm can help the acquirer to clearly understand what is being purchased and hence, determine an appropriate price for the acquisition. / text

The significant change that organisations must endure in order to survive, let alone prosper, has grown tremendously in the past two decades. The lack of talent, especially amongst the previously disadvantaged groups, is one of numerous challenges South African organisations are confronted with. Organisations are therefore required to determine indicators of intention to leave as it is argued to be the single most important predictor of actual quitting behaviour. Variables found to relate to intention to leave include a sense of powerlessness and a lack of engagement. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between leadership empowerment behaviour, job insecurity, engagement and intention to leave in a petrochemical laboratory. The research method consisted of a brief literature review and an empirical study. A cross - sectional survey design was used. The entire population of employees working in a business unit of a petrochemical organisation, namely the Laboratory, was targeted. The Leader Empowering Behaviour Questionnaire, Job Insecurity Inventory, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and two questions measuring intention to leave were used. In addition, a biographical questionnaire was administered. The statistical analysis was conducted with the aid of the SPSS programme. The statistical method employed in the study consisted of descriptive statistics, Cronbach alpha coefficients, Pearson product-moment correlation and a multiple regression analysis. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to determine the significance of differences between the experience of leadership empowerment behaviour, job insecurity, engagement and intention to leave of demograpbic groups. Results indicated that leadership empowerment behaviour was negatively correlated with cognitive job insecurity and that a negative relationship existed between leadership empowerment behaviour and intention to leave. Leadership empowerment behaviour was found to be positively correlated with engagement. A positive relationship existed between cognitive job insecurity and affective job insecurity, as well as between cognitive job insecurity and intention to leave. Cognitive job insecurity was found to be negatively correlated with engagement. A negative relationship was established between engagement and intention to leave. All these correlations were found to be statistically and practically significant with a medium to large effect. Regression analysis indicated that leadership empowerment behaviour and affective job insecurity did not show a significant amount of predictive value towards intention to leave. Cognitive job insecurity and engagement were found to be indicators of intention to leave. With regards to experiencing leadership empowerment behaviour, engagement and intention to leave, no significant differences were found between demographic groups. Participants in middle non -management positions, however, experienced higher levels of affective job insecurity than those in senior management positions. Conclusions and limitations of the current research were discussed and recommendations for future research were made. / Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2008.

A adoção crescente das normas internacionais de contabilidade, as IFRS, é o reflexo de que a comunicação entre empresas, credores, investidores e demais \"stakeholders\" acompanha as mudanças radicais observadas nos negócios. O trabalho de elaboração de tais normas internacionais ficou a cargo do \"Board\" do IASB e já se identifica ampla convergência no plano mundial rumo às citadas IFRS. A IFRS 1, denominada \"First Time Adoption\" refere-se aos requisitos a serem observados no primeiro exercício em que uma empresa publica suas demonstrações em norma contábil local e em IFRS. Este estudo tem por objetivo verificar se, no ano da primeira adoção, há diferença nos grupos de contas patrimoniais do ativo e do passivo nos balanços das empresas dos setores químico e de mineração listadas nas bolsas do Reino Unido, da França e da Alemanha, calculados com base no último balanço em norma contábil local, em relação aos mesmos grupos da primeira demonstração publicada em IFRS. Através da pesquisa nas bolsas de valores destes três países, foram analisadas 42 empresas, sendo 18 empresas de mineração e 24 companhias do segmento químico. Foram utilizados os testes estatísticos t-student para amostras emparelhadas e Wilcoxon para a comparação das médias das diferenças das proporções de cada grupo do patrimônio em relação ao ativo ou passivo total. Os resultados demonstram que existe diferença significativa na estrutura dos grupos do ativo e do passivo pré e pós-adoção das IFRS, tanto na comparação entre países quanto na comparação entre setores. Os resultados mostram também que cada grupo sofreu impactos de magnitudes diferentes. Para os setores e países desta amostra, a comparação dos resultados desfaz a conclusão equivocada de que a adoção das normas contábeis internacionais traz consigo o benefício da uniformidade do padrão contábil e que os efeitos das alterações nos grupos patrimoniais em decorrência da transição de um padrão contábil local para as IFRS devem ser levados em consideração quando da escolha do balanço para uma análise no ano da primeira adoção. / The increasing adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, IFRS, is consequence of the communication among enterprises, creditors, investors and stakeholders that is following the deep changes that have been taken place in the businesses. The international standards were set by IASB and it has already been identified a worldwide convergence toward IFRS. IFRS 1, named as First Time Adoption, applies to the requisites that have to be considered in the first-year balance sheet in IFRS reconciled with the local GAAP. This study has for objective to verify if there are differences in the current and noncurrent assets as well as in the current and non-current liabilities groups stated within the balance sheets of mining and chemicals companies listed at London Stock Exchange, Frankfurt Stock Exchange and Paris-Euronext, considering the local GAAP for each country and the first time adoption of IFRS. After a research in the referred stock exchanges, 42 companies (18 mining and 24 chemicals) have been picked and taken into analysis. The statistics are based on Wilcoxon and t-student for paired samples tests. They have compared the average of the differences in the current and non-current groups in relation to total assets or liabilities. The results show there are significant differences in the groups of assets and liabilities taken before and after the first adoption of international financial reporting standards, considering both comparisons between countries and sectors. The results also demonstrate that the groups of current and non-current accounts were impacted in different percentiles with the adoption of IFRS 1. The comparison of results illustrates that, when the analysis of a balance sheet in the first year adoption is necessary, the IFRS have not benefited the uniformity on accounting standards for the sectors and countries that have been used in this study and the effects of changes within assets and liabilities groups have to be taken into account as consequence of the transition from UK-GAAP, GER-GAAP and FRAGAAP to IFRS.