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Development of active bioplastics based on wheat proteins and natural antimicrobials for food packaging applicationsBalaguer Grimaldo, María de la Paz 21 January 2017 (has links)
Tesis por compendio / This PhD dissertation focuses on the development of renewable and
biodegradable active films based on chemically-modified wheat gliadin
proteins endowed with antimicrobial capacity owing to the incorporation
of naturally-occurring bioactive compounds, namely cinnamaldehyde,
natamycin, and lysozyme.
Gliadin proteins were treated with cinnamaldehyde at acidic pH and films
were produced by casting. The resulting protein-based films presented
improved functional properties (mechanical, barrier, and water
resistance), and biochemical evidence of the formation of a more
compact network whose degree of cross-linking increased with the
amount of cinnamaldehyde incorporated into the gliadin-ethanolic
solution.
Free cinnamaldehyde not participating in the cross-linked reaction
remained entrapped in the protein matrix at low relative humidity
conditions. The sensitivity of the films to moisture owing to the
hydrophilic character of gliadins provided a trigger and control
mechanism for the release of cinnamaldehyde in moderate and high
relative humidity environments, similar to conditions occurring in
packaged food products.
The antimicrobial properties of the films developed were tested in vitro
by vapor diffusion assays against common food spoilage fungi (Penicillium
expansum and Aspergillus niger), showing great effectiveness. Application
of these active films to the preservation of two foodstuffs, sliced bread
and cheese spread, gave promising results, lengthening fungal growth lag
phase and minimizing fungal growth extension. / Balaguer Grimaldo, MDLP. (2015). Development of active bioplastics based on wheat proteins and natural antimicrobials for food packaging applications [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/48520 / Premios Extraordinarios de tesis doctorales / Compendio
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[en] DISPOSABLE TABLEWARE: CONTRIBUTIONS, DAMAGE, NEW POSSIBILITIES AND THEIR CULTURAL BARRIERS IN RIO DE JANEIRO / [pt] UTENSÍLIOS DE MESA DESCARTÁVEIS: CONTRIBUIÇÕES, DANOS, NOVAS POSSIBILIDADES E SUAS BARREIRAS CULTURAIS NO RIO DE JANEIROCLAUDIA VANESSA OLIVEIRA COUTO 28 September 2020 (has links)
[pt] Esta pesquisa tem, como ponto de partida, a mudança da matéria-prima utilizada na produção de utensílios de mesa descartáveis, hoje, em sua maioria, produzidos utilizando insumos derivados do petróleo e sendo gradativamente substituídos pelos insumos derivados de fontes renováveis. Esse processo de substituição se intensificou nos últimos anos devido à poluição plástica, tornando-se uma tendência impulsionada, principalmente, por leis em diversos países quanto à obrigatoriedade de biodegradação mais acelerada. Essa conversão da matéria-prima desencadeia mudanças no fim de vida desses produtos que podem ser compostados, permitindo um ciclo de vida mais sustentável, grande problema encontrado com os similares de plástico, cujo fim de vida gera problemas praticamente sem solução. Diante dessas novas características, e com a possibilidade de sistemas produtivos mais sustentáveis, podemos pensar em nos beneficiar de um hábito que lutamos para mudar, que é o da descartabilidade. Com atributos mais sustentáveis, os novos utensílios de mesa descartáveis podem auxiliar num ponto muito importante, na manutenção dos recursos hídricos. As previsões hídricas para os grandes centros urbanos brasileiros, principalmente em relação à região sudeste, revelam a possibilidade de colapso hídrico em 2040. Na lavagem de um copo, são gastos até 1200 ml, o que nos indica que o impacto hídrico doméstico pode ser significativo e a possibilidade do uso doméstico de utensílios de mesa descartáveis compostáveis pode re-presentar uma opção intermediária e de possível execução, caso necessário. Esse trabalho busca estimular esta discussão e se adiantando a possíveis mudanças, investigar porque os utensílios de mesa descartáveis ainda não são usados domesticamente, a fim de identificar possíveis barreiras à implementação desta nova proposta. Os resultados da pesquisa confirmaram que ainda não temos o hábito de usar utensílios de mesa descartáveis na nossa rotina doméstica e que existem barreiras criadas pelo uso do plástico e suas implicações. Mas que o comportamento vem mudando de maneira silenciosa e fluida, pois mais de 80 por cento dos entrevistados pedem comida em domicílio, configurando o uso de descartáveis no âmbito doméstico. Esses descartáveis ainda são deriva-dos do petróleo, aumentando a poluição plástica e seus impactos. / [en] The starting point of this research is to change the raw material used in the production of disposable tableware, which today is mostly produced using petroleum-based inputs and is gradually replaced by inputs from renewable sources. This substitution process has intensified in recent years due to plastic pollution, becoming a trend driven mainly by laws in several countries regarding the obligation of faster biodegradation. This conversion of the raw material triggers changes in the end of life of these products that can be composted, allowing a more sustainable life cycle, a major problem encountered with similar plastics, whose end of life generates problems almost without solution. Faced with these new characteristics, and with the possibility of more sustainable production systems, we can think of benefiting from a habit we struggle to change, which is that of disposability. With more sustainable attributes, the new disposable tableware can help at a very important point in the maintenance of water resources. The water forecasts for the large Brazilian urban centers, especially in relation to the Southeast region, reveal the possibility of water collapse in 2040. In the washing of a cup, up to 1200 ml are spent, which indicates that the domestic water impact can be significant and the possibility of domestic use of compostable disposable tableware can represent an intermediate option and possible execution if necessary. This work seeks to stimulate this discussion and in advance of possible changes, to investigate why disposable tableware is not yet used domestically in order to identify possible barriers to the implementation of this new proposal. The results of the research confirmed that we are not yet in the habit of using disposable tableware in our domestic routine and that there are barriers created by the use of plastic and its implications. But that the behavior has been changing in a silent and fluid way, as more than 80 percent of the interviewees order food at home, configuring the use of disposables in the domestic setting. These disposables are still derived from oil, increasing plastic pollution and its impacts.
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Agricultural Utilization of Brewers’ Spent Grains & Sawdust: Effects on Fertility of Soils and Productivity of CropsCrosier, Joshua D. January 2014 (has links)
No description available.
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