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The purpose of this research journey was twofold: (1) to investigate the ways in which the lives of women married to clergymen have been influenced by their position in the Dutch Reformed Church and (2) to collaboratively present ways of caring and supporting these women living within this reality. Discourse analysis explored the taken-for-granted truths and power relationships that inform these women's daily lives. Fifteen women embarked on this feminist narrative participatory action research journey, not only to tell their stories but also to negotiate for change in current practices as well as their own contexts. This research journey challenges the institutional structure of the Church through narratives of hope, survival and pain, as storied in a book (Lamentations and Butterflies, 2003), that were collaboratively constructed by the women living these realities. This book and research journey offers a deeper understanding of the experience of being a clergyman's wife in the Dutch Reformed Church. / Practical Theology / M.Th. (Practical Theology)

The purpose of this research journey was twofold: (1) to investigate the ways in which the lives of women married to clergymen have been influenced by their position in the Dutch Reformed Church and (2) to collaboratively present ways of caring and supporting these women living within this reality. Discourse analysis explored the taken-for-granted truths and power relationships that inform these women's daily lives. Fifteen women embarked on this feminist narrative participatory action research journey, not only to tell their stories but also to negotiate for change in current practices as well as their own contexts. This research journey challenges the institutional structure of the Church through narratives of hope, survival and pain, as storied in a book (Lamentations and Butterflies, 2003), that were collaboratively constructed by the women living these realities. This book and research journey offers a deeper understanding of the experience of being a clergyman's wife in the Dutch Reformed Church. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M.Th. (Practical Theology)

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 193-206) / This thesis describes a family variation among urban Nigerian couples called a commuter marriage. A commuter marriage in this study is defined as a union between a dual earner/dual career couple where the husband and wife have decided to live apart from each other due to work commitments until such a time as is convenient for them to live continuously together again. This separation is mainly undertaken to improve their financial and career prospects. The study seeks to understand what dynamics are involved in a commuter marriage in Jos, Plateau State. The Life Course Perspective, with a focus on the gendered life course perspective, serves as a theoretical framework for this study. The perspective assumes that families undergoing the same transitions are likely to display the same characteristics which may not be necessarily relevant for all families in the same life stage, while the gendered life course perspective acknowledges the gendered context. At the same time the cultural context of the Nigerian society in terms of family norms are taken into account. An overview of commuter marriages, including characteristics of commuter marriages and non-traditional marriages linked to commuter marriages are provided. The differences between established and adjusting couples were repeatedly underlined. The research has an underlying interpretivist paradigm, therefore a qualitative research methodology was deemed best for the study. A semi-structured interview guide and time diaries were used to obtain data from seventeen participants. It was found that a commuter marriage is costly financially, socially and emotionally. An emphasis on the male provider and the wife as the manager of the resources was highlighted. Commuter couples report that their greatest support system constitute their family members who show the most understanding to their situation. Commuter fathers were generally passionate about their fatherly roles, but had conflicting feelings about balancing work and family, feeling the family is losing out. Generally, commuter couples in this study showed a sincere desire for the commuting relationship not to span an indefinite amount of time. / Sociology / D. Phil. (Sociology)

L'objectif de cette recherche est d'examiner les rapports sociaux de sexe et la division sociosexuée du travail qui prévalent chez les couples propriétaires d'une exploitation maraîchère qui commercialise une partie de ses produits en circuits courts. A priori, et en raison des valeurs d'horizontalité souvent revendiquées dans ce type d'agriculture, les personnes qui la pratiquent semblent favoriser des rapports sociaux plus justes ou égalitaires. Il existe également une image idyllique et familialiste, largement véhiculée par les personnes partisanes de l'agriculture de proximité, qui la définissent comme un mode de vie et un métier permettant une articulation harmonieuse entre travail et famille. Cela contribue à une idéalisation de la position et de la vie des femmes dans ce type d'agriculture, où elles prendraient davantage soin et seraient particulièrement connectées à l'environnement (humain et non humain), tout en étant épanouies dans leur rôle de mères et d'épouses. Les témoignages des femmes qui ont participé à ma recherche montrent que leur situation est loin d'être idyllique et que leurs trajectoires professionnelles et personnelles sont marquées par plusieurs défis. Ces défis reflètent une variété d'obstacles structurels, comme l'assignation aux femmes des tâches moins valorisées socialement et, parfois, la reproduction de rapports asymétriques au sein des couples. Les entretiens semi-dirigés menés auprès de dix femmes installées en agriculture de proximité dans les régions de Chaudière-Appalaches et de la Capitale-Nationale ont également révélé la persistance de stéréotypes sexistes et d'une division sociosexuée du travail assignant les femmes à certaines tâches spécifiques, dont le travail domestique. Cela entrave la transformation des rapports sociaux de sexe en agriculture de proximité et, en conséquence, contribue au maintien des inégalités structurelles dans ce milieu. / The purpose of this research is to examine gender relations and division of labor that prevail among couples who are owners or co-owners of a vegetable farm that commercializes its products in short supply chains. At first glance, given the horizontal values that are often promoted in this type of agriculture, people who practice it seem to favor fairer or more egalitarian social relations. There is also an idyllic and family-oriented image, widely held by the supporters of local agriculture, who define it as a way of life and an occupation that allows a harmonious articulation between work and family. This contributes to an idealization of the position and life of women in this type of agriculture, where they would be more nurturing and particularly connected to the environment (human and non-human), while being fulfilled in their role as mothers and wives. The narratives of the women who took part in my research show that their situation is far from being idyllic and that their professional and personal trajectories are marked by several challenges. These challenges reflect various structural obstacles, such as the assignment of less socially valued jobs to women and, sometimes, the asymmetrical dynamics that are reproduced within couples. Semi-structured interviews with ten women involved in local agriculture in the Chaudière-Appalaches and Capitale-Nationale regions also revealed the prevalence of a gendered division of labour and sexist stereotypes in agriculture. The latter hinders the transformation of gender relations and, consequently, contributes to the maintenance of structural inequalities in the context studied. / El objetivo de esta investigación es examinar les relaciones sociales de sexo y la división socio-sexual del trabajo entre las parejas propietarias o copropietarias de una explotación hortícola que comercializa sus productos en circuitos cortos. A priori, y debido a los valores de horizontalidad que se suelen reivindicar con frecuencia en este tipo de agricultura, las personas que la practican favorecer relaciones sociales más justas o igualitarias. Asimismo, existe una imagen idílica y familialista, ampliamente propagada por las personas partidarias de la agricultura de proximidad, que la definen como un modo de vida y una profesión que permite una articulación armoniosa entre el trabajo y la familia. Esto contribuye a una idealización de la posición y de la vida de las mujeres en este tipo de agricultura, donde serían las principales cuidadoras y estarían particularmente conectadas con el medio ambiente (tanto humano como no humano), así como realizadas en su papel de madres y esposas. Los testimonios de las mujeres que participaron en mi investigación muestran que su situación dista mucho de ser idílica y que tanto sus trayectorias profesionales como personales están marcadas por varios desafíos. Estos desafíos reflejan varios obstáculos estructurales, como la asignación de trabajos menos valorados socialmente a las mujeres y, en ocasiones, las dinámicas asimétricas que se reproducen dentro de las parejas. Entrevistas semiestructuradas con diez mujeres dedicadas a la agricultura local en las regiones de Chaudière-Appalaches y Capitale-Nationale revelaron la persistencia de una división socio-sexual del trabajo y de estereotipos sexistas en la agricultura. Esto último dificulta la transformación de las relaciones de sexo y, en consecuencia, contribuye al mantenimiento de las desigualdades estructurales en el contexto de estudio.