This thesis aims to implement a linear wireless transmitter based on the envelope-following architecture. A class-E PA is utilized to replace the linear PA used in the traditional envelope-following transmitter for enhancing the average efficiency. The transmitter relies on a digital processor realized by FPGA to generate the baseband IQ signal and corresponding envelope signal. This way can not only achieve more accurate modulation accuracy and wider modulation bandwidth, but also use less analog components for the future convenience of realizing single-chip integration when compared to the traditional envelope-following transmitter. Furthermore, this thesis implements a predistorter in the digital processor to compensate the Vdd/AM distortion of class-E amplifier. Therefore, this transmitter can simultaneously achieve high efficiency and high linearity over a wide input power range. From the results measured in transmitting a QPSK-modulated CDMA2000 1x signal at a chip rate of 1.2288 Mcps, the transmitter incorporating an InGaAs pHEMT class-E PA can achieve 30~44 % in average efficiency (23~38 % in average PAE) with above 44 dBc in ACPR and below 4 % in EVM in the average modulated output power range from 7 to 21 dBm, while the transmitter incorporating a GaAs HBT can achieve 20~40 % in average efficiency (16~35 % in average PAE) with above 43 dBc in ACPR and below 5 % in EVM in the average modulated output power range from 4 to 18.5 dBm.

Traditional villages and vestiges have become important tourist resources in every country. Kinmen has been delayed its development due to the wartime establishment restriction. Since the Kinmen National Park is established, the small islet, being famous for its battlefield remnants, has planned enthusiastically to reserve these cultural assets-- Traditional vestiges. Thus, this would be an interesting issue. According to the National Park Law, the national park is set to protect those specified natural and cultural assets of the country, and to provide citizens entertainment and research. These 5 national parks established are focused on environmental protection. However, Kinmen National Park, being the first one to focus on ancient--monuments and culture preservation, makes the establishment of national park more complete. The research method includes data survey and review. By the strategic planning of public affairs management and VCS system, we discussed the issues as follows: 1. The public value of traditional vestiges preservation from the strategic planning view in Kinmen National Park. 2. The strategic management and application of the resource in Kinmen National Park. 3. The management and related issues of enhancing Kinmen tourism by traditional vestiges and resources preservation. 4. The value, energy and supporting dimension of Kinmen tourism created by traditional vestiges preservation. The research schedule: The research focuses on the traced-back case study between 1995 to 2005. We take partial depth interviews by the¡¨ public affairs management integrated structure¡¨, and the questionnaire system is composed of hardware, social and natural terms. The government takes advantage of the tax revenue as the subsidy to carry out the traditional vestiges preservation policy. The policy has implemented effectively for a decade and thus achieve positive performance. The traditional vestiges preservation and tourism development are the final result of the government¡¦s strategic arrangement and management. The policy validity depends on whether the public value fits people¡¦s needs or not. Since the working experiences molds the organizational culture and capability, the government should keep the public-value vision in the process of policy planning and management strategy.

A numerical study was carried out for enhanced heat transfer from two heated blocks in a pulsating channel flow by porous heat sink. The flow over the fluid region is governed by the Navier-Stokes equation, and the flow through the porous medium is governed by the Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer equation. These two flows are coupled through the interface boundary conditions at the porous/fluid and porous/solid interfaces. After a stream function-vorticity transformation, solution of the coupled governing equations for fluid/porous/solid composite system is obtained using the control-volume-based procedure and hybrid scheme. Comprehensive time-dependent flow and temperature data obtained and averaged over a cycle of pulsation in a periodic steady state. In addition, this study details the effects of variation in the governing parameters, such as inertia parameter, Dracy number, Reynolds number, Strouhal number, pulsation amplitude and geometric parameters, to illustrate important fundamental and practical results. The results show that the periodic change of shape of interblock recirculation flow caused by porous-covering blocks has significant enhanced effect on flow pattern and heat transfer characteristics. This enhanced effect is found to increase with Reynolds number, Strouhal number and pulsation amplitude but decrease with Dracy number. In comparison with the non-porous heat sink case for a steady non-pulsating flow, significant increases in the average Nusselt number are predicted and the instantaneous maximum temperatures within the heated block array are reduced. Moreover, it is shown that specific choices in certain geometric parameters, such as interblock space, can make pronounded change in the cooling of heated block.

NPR (Non-Photo-Realistic Rendering) is a new and quick-developed research topic in Image Processing. The main purpose of NPR is to generate pencil sketching or watercolor, something different from photos, automatically by computer algorithms. On the other hand, there is another technique called PR (Photo-Realistic Rendering). The goal of PR is to generate real objects by computer algorithms, such as Matting. Furthermore, NPR includes two modes: one is with physical model and the other is not. With physical model, researchers could write programs to simulate NPR by the properties of physical model. Without physical model, researchers could write programs to simulate NPR by their observation and deliberation. This thesis belongs to the latter, NPR without physical model. In the viewpoint of artists, drawing is performance of light and shadow. Then, in scientific, drawing depends on the degree of luminance. Luminance supports artists block and direction when drawing. In this thesis, chapter 1 is introduction of art and previous researches. Chapter 2 describes theories what we can use and present the results. Chapter 3 describes the methods what this thesis use and necessary amendment, and present the results.

Inversion Recovery (IR) is a powerful tool for contrast manipulation in Mag- netic Resonance Imaging (MRI). IR can provide strong contrast between tissues with different values of T1 relaxation times. The tissue magnetization stored at an IR image pixel can take positive as well as negative values. The corresponding polarity information is contained in the phase of the complex image. Due to numerous factors associated with the Magnetic Resonance (MR) scanner and the associated acquisition system, the acquired complex image is modulated by a spatially varying background phase which makes the retrieval of polarity information non-trivial. Many commercial MR scanners perform magnitude-only reconstruction which, due to loss of polarity information, reduces the dynamic contrast range. Phase sensitive IR (PSIR) can provide enhanced image contrast by estimating and removing the background phase and retrieving the correct polarity information. In this thesis, the background phase of complex MR image is modeled using a statistical model based on Markov Ran- dom Fields (MRF). Two model optimization methods have been developed. The first method is a computationally effcient algorithm for finding semi-optimal solutions satisfying the proposed model. Using an adaptive model neighborhood, it can recon- struct low SNR images with slow phase variations. The second method presents a region growing approach which can handle images with rapid phase variations. Ex- perimental results using computer simulations and in vivo experiments show that the proposed method is robust and can perform successful reconstruction even in adverse cases of low signal to noise ratios (SNRs) and high phase variations.

<p>The study analyzes the ethical implications of human gene transfer technology for enhancement. Although human gene transfer technology is widely accepted on therapeutic grounds the non-therapeutic use of gene transfer technology remains to be a gray zone for moral deliberation. The present discussion addresses several ethical issues concerning the impacts of human gene transfer technology on individuals, the society, and future people. Accordingly, the study examines major ethical issues concerning the use of human gene transfer technology in general and genetic enhancement in particular, and reliability of the putative demarcation between therapy and enhancement, and further proposes ethical guidelines for non-therapeutic application of human gene transfer technology. A special attention is given to three major ethical issues, such as our obligation to future generations, problems concerning justice, fairness, and equality, and the problem of uncertainty.</p>

Recognition of speech at the receiver end generally gets degraded in distant talking atmospheres of laptops, teleconfereing, video conferences and in hands free telephony, where the quality of speech gets contaminated and severely disturbed because of the additive noises. To make useful and effective, the exact speech signals has to be extracted from the noise signals and the user has to be given the clean speech. In such conditions the convenience of microphone array has been preferred as a means of civilizing the quality of arrested signals. A consequential growth in laptop technology and microphone array processing have made possible to improve intelligibility of speech while communication. So this contention target on reducing the additive noises from the original speech, beside design and use of different algorithms. In this thesis a multi-channel microphone array with its speech enhancement of signals to Wiener Beamformar and Generalized side lobe canceller (GSC) are used for Laptops in a noisy environment. Systems prescribed above were implemented, processed and evaluated on a computer using Mat lab considering SNR, SNRI as the main objective of quality measures. Systems were tested with two speech signals, among which one is Main speech signal and other is considered as Noise along with another random noise, sampling them at 16 KHz .Three Different source originations were taken into consideration with different input SNR’s of 0dB, 5dB, 10dB, 15dB, 20dB, 25dB. Simulation Results showed that Noise is been attenuated to a great extent. But Variations in SNR and SNRI has been observed, because of the different point origination of signals in the respective feilds.Variation in SNR and SNRI is been observed when the distance between the main speech originating point and microphone is too long compared to the noise signals. This states that origination of signals plays a huge role in maintaining the speech quality at the receiver end. / D.No 4-22, Gandla street, papanaidupeta-517526 chittoor district,Andhra pradesh India naveenkumarthupalli@gmail.com

Waveguides are desirable components for energy transmission throughout the electromagnetic spectrum. This thesis experimentally examines a thick slot waveguide for THz guiding and field enhancement. The waveguide is machined from planar copper sheets using the novel technique of femtosecond laser micromachining. In-plane photoconductive THz coupling to a thick slot waveguide is demonstrated using Discontinuous Galerkin Time Domain (DGTD) simulation. The results reveal positive implications for broadband low-loss/dispersion transmission lines up to 1.5 THz. / Graduate / 0544 / 0607 / 0756 / levismith3@hotmail.com

自Horst (1941)提出suppressor變數一詞起，由於後續許多研究採用不盡相同思維之著眼點，也就衍生出許多不同定義的suppressor變數。Horst (1941)著重在判定係數的變化，Darlington (1968)、Conger (1974) 及 Cohen and Cohen (1975)則著重在迴歸係數的變化， Velicer (1978)則改用semipartial correlation coefficient來定義suppressor變數，再度將焦點轉回Horst (1941)的思維。Currie and Korabinski (1984)引進enhancement一詞，以便與suppression有所區分。 為了釐清這些紛擾的名詞定義，第二章、三章中，我們分別回顧enhancement與suppression兩現象。第四章中，我們針對enhancement、suppression兩種現象的關聯性，依據四種不同的面向進行比較。第五章，我們針對suppressor變數存在的情況下，藉由模擬實驗的方式，探討stepwise regression、forward selection、backward elimination三種變數選取方式的可能缺憾。第六章為總結。 / Since Horst (1941) introduced the term of suppressor variable, many different definitions of suppressor variables have appeared in literature. Originally, Horst (1941) based the definition on the coefficient of determination. Darlington (1968), Conger (1974) and Cohen and Cohen (1975) paid more attention on the regression coefficients instead. On the other hand, Velicer (1978) used semipartial correlation coefficient to define a suppressor variable, and directed the focus back to that of Horst (1941). In order to differentiate the two similarly related ideas, Currie and Korabinski (1984) proposed the term of enhancement to describe exclusively the situations reflected by the definition of Horst (1941) or Velicer (1978). In order to clarify the ambiguities resulting from various definitions of suppressor variable in literature, we first reviewed enhancement and suppression respectively in Chapters 2 and 3. In Chapter 4, we investigated their relationships from four different perspectives. In Chapter 5, we studied the possible drawbacks on using stepwise regression, forward selection, and backward elimination these three variable selection procedures on the presence of a suppressor variable. Conclusions are provided in Chapter 6.

The modification of spontaneous emission, i.e. the Purcell effect, with optical cavities has been highly studied over the past 20 years as one of the most important goals for cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED). The recent development of using surface plasmon resonances to concentrate optical field into sub-wavelength scale further extended cQED research of into a new regime. However, although metallic reflectors are used in some of the earliest demonstrations of cQED, the use of metals is not preferable in high Q optical cavities due to the lossy nature of metals. The presence of metals near an optical emitter also strongly alters its radiation dynamics. As a result, the development of plasmonic cavities brings not only new opportunities but also new problems and challenges. In this thesis we describe four different plasmonic cavity designs along with optical simulations and measurements on them to demonstrate: large spontaneous emission enhancement, controlled mode tuning, and control of the plasmonic band-gap and resonances of high-Q plasmonic cavities for coupling to specific emitters. We hope that our work can guide and inspire researchers who are moving from traditional cavity designs to novel plasmonic devices, helping them to establish design concepts, fabrication criteria, and baselines for characterizing these devices. / Engineering and Applied Sciences